Sponge

Pelorol ((-)-Pelorol) is a sesquiterpene found in the tropical marine sponge Dactylospongia elegans. Pelorol has weak antitrypanosomal activity with an IC₅₀ of 17.4 μg/mL and antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum clones K1 and NF54 with IC₅₀ values of 786 ng/mL and 1911 ng/mL, respectively. Pelorol is promising for research of parasitic diseases, such as trypanosomiasis and malaria.

(rel)-ent-Chromazonarol is the relative configuration of ent-Chromazonarol and is a sesquiterpene hydroquinone compound. (rel)-ent-Chromazonarol can be isolated from the sponge Disidea pallescens.

Aplysamine-1 acts as an antagonist for the histamine H3 receptor.

2-Hydroxytricosanoic acid is an ester product.

Sarasinoside B1 is a glycoside compound. Sarasinoside B1 exhibits moderate cytotoxicity against Neuro-2a and HepG2 cell lines (IC50=~5-18 μM).

Amphimedine is a polycyclic alkaloid isolated from the marine sponge Amphimedon sp. and belongs to the pyridoindole alkaloid class. Amphimedine has cytotoxic activity and has been studied as an anticancer metabolite along with neoamphimedine. Studies have shown that deoxyamphimedine damages DNA by generating reactive oxygen species, a mechanism different from that of amphimedine.

Aerophobin-2 is a bromine compound, which can be isolated from sponge Verongia aerophoba. Aerophobin-2 inhibits aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and phosphorylated α-synuclein (pSyn), exhibits neuroprotective efficacy.

Axinysterol is a steroidal compound isolated from marine sponges of the genus Axinyssa, possessing anticancer activity. Axinysterol is employed in research within the field of oncology.

Mycothiazole is an inhibitor for mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I. Mycothiazole exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells Huh7 (IC₅₀ is 55.8 μM), U87 and MCF7. Mycothiazole induces apoptosis in Huh7. Mycothiazole utilizes the unfolded protein response (UPR) and heat shock response (HSR) pathway involved transcription factors ATFS-1 and HSF1, to extend the lifespan of C. elegans.

(+)-12α-Hydroxyisodrimenin (compound 7) is a drimanic sesquiterpene that can be found in sponge Dysidea fusca.

Ianthelliformisamine B diTFA is a bromotyrosine-derived antibacterial agent. Ianthelliformisamine B diTFA is against E. coli and S. aureus strains with MICs of 14.5 μM and 144.7 μM.

Hymenidin is a natural antagonist of serotonergic receptor and inhibitor of voltage-gated potassium channels. Hymenidin also induces cancer cell apoptosis.

Debromohymenialdisine (10Z-Debromohymenialdisine) is a pyrrole alkaloid. Debromohymenialdisine has moderate inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 881 nM in the initial Raf/MEK-1/MAPK signaling cascade assay. Debromohymenialdisine can be used for the research of proliferation and differentiation.

2,4,6,6-Tetramethyl-3(6H)-pyridinone is a natural product that can be isolated from the tropical marine sponge Agelas oroides.

Metachromins X is a sesquiterpene quinone that arrests the cell cycle progression of HeLa/Fucci2 cells at S/G2/M phase.

Ceratamine A is an antimitotic heterocyclic alkaloid isolated from the marine sponge Pseudoceratina sp., acts as a microtubule-stabilizing agent. Ceratamine A exhibits cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines.

5,9-Tetracosadienoic acid is a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid with a Δ⁵,⁹ unsaturated structure.

Kocurin (PM181104) is a thiazolyl cyclic-peptide antibiotic. Kocurin inhibits bacterial growth by impeding bacterial protein biosynthesis during the translation phase. Kocurin has strong inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but no activity against fungi and Gram-negative bacteria.

Discobahamin A is a cyclic peptide with a side chain, a 24-membered macrocyclic cyclic peptide containing an α-ketoamide functional group, and Antifungal agent. Discobahamin A exists in a new species of the deep-sea sponge genus Discodermia from the Bahamas. Discobahamin A inhibits the growth of yeast-form Candida albicans. Discobahamin A is applicable to research related to Candida albicans infections.