Sponge

Deoxytopsentin (compound 5) is a marine bisindole alkaloid and also a MRSA pyruvate kinase inhibitor. Deoxytopsentin exists in sponges. Deoxytopsentin exhibits antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in vitro.

Methyl 5-bromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (Compound 7) is a pyrrole that can be isolated from marine sponges Lissodendotyx sp.

Aeroplysinin 1 ((+)-Aeroplysinin-1), a secondary metabolite isolated from marine sponges, shows potent antibiotic effects on Gram-positive bacteria and exerts antiviral activity against HIV-1 (IC₅₀=14.6 μM). Aeroplysinin 1 has anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities. Aeroplysinin 1 induces apoptosis in endothelial cells.

Manzamine A, an orally active beta-carboline alkaloid, inhibits specifically GSK-3β and CDK-5 with IC₅₀s of 10.2 μM and 1.5 μM, respectively. Manzamine A targets vacuolar ATPases and inhibits autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells. Manzamine A has antimalarial and anticancer activities. Manzamine A also shows potent activity against HSV-1.

Penasterol is an active compound.

(+)-Aureol is a tetracyclic benzopyran-fused decalin-type 9-norspongiane heteroterpenoid. (+)-Aureol exhibits antifungal activity, with an EC₅₀ value of 6.9 μM against Rhizoctonia solani and an EC₅₀ value of 19 μM against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. (+)-Aureol shows selective inhibitory activity against human tumor cells. (+)-Aureol acts as an anti-influenza agent with activity against influenza A virus. (+)-Aureol can be used in research related to fungal infections, non-small cell lung cancer, colon adenocarcinoma and influenza A virus infections.

ent-Yahazunol is a sesquiterpene hybrid growth inhibitor present in sponges of the genus Dysidea. ent-Yahazunol selectively inhibits the growth of human mammary adenocarcinoma cells and human lung cancer cells. ent-Yahazunol can be used in studies related to mammary adenocarcinoma and lung cancer.

(+)-Chromazonarol ((+)-ent-Chromazonarol) is a marine sesquiterpene hybrid terpene and pimarane-type hybrid terpene Antifungal agent. (+)-Chromazonarol is isolated from the marine sponge Dysidea pallescens. (+)-Chromazonarol inhibits the mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani. (+)-Chromazonarol is applicable to research related to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection and Rhizoctonia solani infection.

Puupehenone is a cytotoxic and antifungal agent present in various marine sponge species. Puupehenone exerts cytotoxic activity against leukemia, lung cancer, colon cancer and breast cancer cells, and inhibits the growth of Candida albicans. Puupehenone can be used in research related to cancers such as leukemia, lung cancer, colon cancer and breast cancer.

Stellettamide A TFA is a marine toxin found in a marine sponge. Stellettamide A TFA is a calmodulin inhibitor. Stellettamide A TFA can inhibit Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ ATPase, phosphodiesterase, myosin light chain , and Mg²⁺-ATPase. Stellettamide A TFA inhibits high K⁺- and Ca²⁺-induced contraction in permeabilized smooth muscle. Stellettamide A TFA exhibits antifungal activity against Mortierella remannianus. Stellettamide A TFA can be used for the research of fungal infection.

12-Nonadecenoic (19:1) is a type of phospholipid fatty acid that can be found in Axinellida sponges.

Pelorol ((-)-Pelorol) is a sesquiterpene found in the tropical marine sponge Dactylospongia elegans. Pelorol has weak antitrypanosomal activity with an IC₅₀ of 17.4 μg/mL and antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum clones K1 and NF54 with IC₅₀ values of 786 ng/mL and 1911 ng/mL, respectively. Pelorol is promising for research of parasitic diseases, such as trypanosomiasis and malaria.

(rel)-ent-Chromazonarol is the relative configuration of ent-Chromazonarol and is a sesquiterpene hydroquinone compound. (rel)-ent-Chromazonarol can be isolated from the sponge Disidea pallescens.

Aplysamine-1 acts as an antagonist for the histamine H3 receptor.

2-Hydroxytricosanoic acid is an ester product.

Sarasinoside B1 is a glycoside compound. Sarasinoside B1 exhibits moderate cytotoxicity against Neuro-2a and HepG2 cell lines (IC50=~5-18 μM).

Amphimedine is a polycyclic alkaloid isolated from the marine sponge Amphimedon sp. and belongs to the pyridoindole alkaloid class. Amphimedine has cytotoxic activity and has been studied as an anticancer metabolite along with neoamphimedine. Studies have shown that deoxyamphimedine damages DNA by generating reactive oxygen species, a mechanism different from that of amphimedine.

Aerophobin-2 is a bromine compound, which can be isolated from sponge Verongia aerophoba. Aerophobin-2 inhibits aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and phosphorylated α-synuclein (pSyn), exhibits neuroprotective efficacy.

Axinysterol is a steroidal compound isolated from marine sponges of the genus Axinyssa, possessing anticancer activity. Axinysterol is employed in research within the field of oncology.

Mycothiazole is an inhibitor for mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I. Mycothiazole exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells Huh7 (IC₅₀ is 55.8 μM), U87 and MCF7. Mycothiazole induces apoptosis in Huh7. Mycothiazole utilizes the unfolded protein response (UPR) and heat shock response (HSR) pathway involved transcription factors ATFS-1 and HSF1, to extend the lifespan of C. elegans.