D₃ Receptor Agonist

Aripiprazole (OPC-14597), an atypical antipsychotic, is a potent and high-affinity dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist. Aripiprazole is an inverse agonist at 5-HT2B and 5-HT2A receptors and displays partial agonist actions at 5-HT1A, 5-HT2C, D3, and D4 receptors. Aripiprazole can be used for the research of schizophrenia and COVID19.

Cabergoline is an ergot derived-dopamine D₂-like receptor agonist that has high affinity for D₂, D₃, and 5-HT_2B receptors (K_i=0.7, 1.5, and 1.2, respectively).

AB13-73A is a highly selective partial agonist of dopamine D₃R, with a K_i of 0.803 nM and a pEC₅₀ of 11.88 (1.32 pM). AB13-73A serves as a pharmacological tool to dissect the (patho) physiological mechanisms of D₃R and support the development of improved neurotherapeutic agents.

Rotigotine is a potent dopamine receptor agonist with K_i values of 0.71 nM, 4-15 nM, and 83 nM for the dopamine D3 receptor and D2, D5, D4 receptors and dopamine D1 receptor. Rotigotine a partial agonist of the 5-HT1A receptor, and an antagonist of the α2B-adrenergic receptor. Rotigotine can be used for parkinson's disease (PD) research.

Ropinirole (SKF 101468) hydrochloride is an orally active, potent D₃/D₂ receptor agonist with a K_i of 29 nM for D₂ receptor. Ropinirole hydrochloride has pEC₅₀s of 7.4, 8.4 and 6.8 for hD₂, hD₃ and hD₄ receptors, respectively. Ropinirole hydrochloride has no affinity for the D₁ receptors. Ropinirole hydrochloride has the potential for Parkinson's disease.

Rotigotine Hydrochloride (N-0923 Hydrochloride) is a full agonist of dopamine receptor, a partial agonist of the 5-HT1A receptor, and an antagonist of the α2B-adrenergic receptor, with K_i of 0.71 nM, 4-15 nM, and 83 nM for the dopamine D3 receptor and D2, D5, D4 receptors, and dopamine D1 receptor.

Pramipexole dihydrochloride is a selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dopamine D2-type receptor agonist, with K_is of 2.2 nM, 3.9 nM, 0.5 nM and 1.3 nM for D2-type receptor, D₂, D₃ and D₄ receptors, respectively. Pramipexole dihydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS).

Pramipexole is a selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dopamine D2-type receptor agonist, with K_is of 2.2 nM, 3.9 nM, 0.5 nM and 1.3 nM for D2-type receptor, D₂, D₃ and D₄ receptors, respectively. Pramipexole can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS).

UNC9994 hydrochloride is a functionally selective, β-arrestin–biased dopamine D₂ receptor (D₂R) agonist that selectively activates β-arrestin recruitment and signaling. UNC9994 hydrochloride shows a binding affinity with a K_i of 79 nM for D₂R. UNC9994 hydrochloride is also an antagonist of G_i-regulated cAMP production and partial agonist for D2R/β-arrestin-2 interactions. UNC9994 hydrochloride shows antipsychotic-like activity.

Piribedil is a potent and orally active dopamine D2 and dopamine D3 agonist. Piribedil is also a α2-adrenoceptors antagonist. Piribedil can inhibit MLL1 methyltransferase activity (EC₅₀: 0.18 μM). Piribedil has the potential for the research of parkinson's disease, circulatory disorders, cancers.

Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate is a selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dopamine D2-type receptor agonist, with K_is of 2.2 nM, 3.9 nM, 0.5 nM and 1.3 nM for D2-type receptor, D₂, D₃ and D₄ receptors, respectively. Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS).

Dehydroaripiprazole (OPC-14857) is an active metabolite of Aripiprazole (HY-14546) and dopamine D₂/D₃ receptor partial agonist. Dehydroaripiprazole also has certain affinity for serotonin 5-HT₁A, 5-HT₂A and 5-HT₂B receptors. Dehydroaripiprazole has antipsychotic activity equivalent to Aripiprazole.

(+)-PD 128907 hydrochloride is a selective dopamine D₂/D₃ receptor agonist, with K_is of 1.7, 0.84 nM for human and rat D₃ receptors, 179, 770 n M for human and rat D₃ receptors, respectively.

SKF83959 is a potent and selective dopamine D₁-like receptor partial agonist. SKF83959 K_i values for rat D₁, D₅, D₂ and D₃ receptors are 1.18, 7.56, 920 and 399 nM, respectively. SKF83959 is a potent allosteric modulator of sigma (σ)-1 receptor. SKF83959 belongs to benzazepine family and has improvements on cognitive dysfunction. SKF83959 can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease and depression.

Sarizotan (EMD 128130) is an orally active serotonin 5-HT_1A receptor and dopamine receptor agonist. Sarizotan (EMD 128130) exhibits IC₅₀ values of 6.5 nM (rat 5-HT_1A), 0.1 nM (human 5-HT_1A), 15.1 nM (rat D₂), 17 nM (human D₂), 6.8 nM (human D₃) and 2.4 nM (human D_4.2), respectively.

ML417 is a selective and brain penetrant D3 dopamine receptor (D3R) agonist, with an EC₅₀ of 38 nM. ML417 potently promotes D3R-mediated β-arrestin translocation, G protein mediated signaling, and pERK phosphorylation with minimal effects on other GPCR-mediated signaling. ML417 exhibits neuroprotection against toxin-induced neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons.

UNC9994, an analog of Aripiprazole, is a functionally selective β-arrestin-biased dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonist with EC₅₀ <10 nM for β-arrestin-2 recruitment to D2 receptors. UNC9994 is simultaneously partial agonists of β-arrestin-2 translocation and antagonists of G_i-regulated cAMP production. Antipsychotic Activity.

Ropinirole (SKF 101468) is an orally active, potent D₃/D₂ receptor agonist with a K_i of 29 nM for D₂ receptor. Ropinirole has pEC₅₀s of 7.4, 8.4 and 6.8 for hD₂, hD₃ and hD₄ receptors, respectively. Ropinirole has no affinity for the D₁ receptors. Ropinirole has the potential for Parkinson's disease.

Brilaroxazine (RP5603) is a potent and orally active multimodal dopamine (DA)/serotonin (5-HT) modulator. Brilaroxazine is a partial agonist of dopamine (DA) D2, D3, and D4 receptors, 5-HT1A (K_i=1.5 nM) and 5-HT2A (K_i=2.5 nM), and has antagonist activity at 5-HT2B (K_i=0.19 nM), and 5-HT7 (K_i=2.7 nM) receptors. Brilaroxazine is an atypical antipsychotic agent, and has the potential to improve cognitive impairments in neuropsychiatric and neurological diseases in vivo.

Didesmethyl cariprazine is an orally active, BBB-permeable metabolite of Cariprazine (HY-14763). Didesmethyl cariprazine is a partial agonist at the D₂ and D₃ receptors, full agonist at the 5-HT_1A receptor, and antagonist at the human 5-HT_2B receptor (K_i: 1.41 nM (human D_2L), 0.056 nM (human D₃), 1.7 nM (human 5-HT_1A), 0.52 nM (human 5-HT_2B)). Didesmethyl cariprazine dose-dependently inhibits the spontaneous activity of rat midbrain dopaminergic neurons.