Transmembrane Glycoprotein Activator

Gum Arabic is an orally active complex branched polysaccharide. Gum Arabic can be isolated from the Acacia senegal tree. Gum Arabic upregulates the expression of maturation markers (CD86, CD40, and CD54), promotes ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and inhibits Apoptosis. Gum Arabic exhibits antimalarial effects against Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Gum Arabic exhibits hepatoprotective, renal, and cardiovascular protective activities. Gum Arabic improves obesity. Gum Arabic is commonly used as a stabilizer and thickener. Gum Arabic can be used in the research of brain tumor imaging.

Notoginsenoside Ft1 is an orally active bioactive saponin. Notoginsenoside Ft1 inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, activates the p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, and increases the proportion of CD8⁺ T cells, thereby inducing apoptosis and lysosomal cell death in various cancer cells, and promoting angiogenesis. Notoginsenoside Ft1 causes vasodilation by activating glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in endothelial cells. Notoginsenoside Ft1 increases intracellular Ca²⁺ accumulation, reduces cAMP levels by activating a signaling network mediated through P2Y₁₂ receptors, and promotes platelet aggregation, thereby exerting a procoagulant effect. Notoginsenoside Ft1 inhibits ferroptosis (ferroptosis) in renal tubular epithelial cells by activating the TGR5 receptor, thereby demonstrating a renal protective effect. Notoginsenoside Ft1 acts as a TGR5 agonist and an FXR antagonist to combat obesity and insulin resistance.

ASN02563583, a compound that regulates the activity of the GPR17 receptor, has a IC₅₀ value of 0.64 nM in [₃₅S]GTPγS binding assay. ASN02563583 can be used in the study of neurological diseases.

ASN04885796 (compound IV) is an GPR17 activator with an EC₅₀ of 2.27 nM for GPR17 induced GTPγS binding. ASN04885796 has neuroprotective property and can be used for research of neurological diseases.

M3913 is an endoplasmic reticulum stress modulator (ERSM). M3913 has antiproliferative activity against cancer cells.

GPR110 peptide agonist P12 is a peptide that acts as a GPR110 agonist. GPR110 peptide agonist P12 can significantly enhance the initial rate of GPR110 stimulated G protein GTPγS binding. GPR110 peptide agonist P12 mimics the action of natural ligands, causing the extracellular domain (ECD) of the GPR110 to dissociate from the seven transmembrane domains (7TM), exposing the β-strand-13/stalk region at the N-terminus of the 7TM domain, which acts as an agonist to activate G protein signaling. GPR110 peptide agonist P12 can be used in the study of developmental disorders and cancers related to GPR110.

Tyrosylprotein Sulfotransferase 2 (TPST-2) is a subtype of TPST. Tyrosylprotein Sulfotransferase is a 54- to 50-kDa integral membrane glycoprotein of the trans-Golgi network found in essentially all tissues investigated, catalyzing the tyrosine O-sulfation of soluble and membrane proteins passing through this compartment.

[Gln144]-PLP (139-151) is an experimental antigen used to study T cells respond to both autoantigens and cross-reactive non-autoantigens. [Gln144]-PLP (139-151) activates T cells by binding to T-cell Receptor (TCR), which triggers an immune response. [Gln144]-PLP (139-151) can be used to study the regulation of autoimmune diseases.

Stalk peptide is a GPR110 activator. Stalk peptide is released from GPCR Autoproteolysis INducing domain by autocatalytic process and then Stalk peptide is inserted into the ligand-binding pocket of the receptor to activate the receptor. Stalk peptide can promote nerve growth and synaptic formation. Stalk peptide can be used to study neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.

Yinyanghuo C is a prenylated flavonoid isolated from the leaves of Epimedium sagittatum. Yinyanghuo C increases the mRNA expression levels of endothelial cell markers and enhances cancer-associated angiogenesis in the 4T1 breast tumor-bearing model.