Thioflavine S
Based on 28 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Thioflavine S is a fluorescent histochemical marker of dense core senile plaques. Thioflavine S can be used for Alzheimer's research.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 1326-12-1
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Thioflavine S
More- Cell. 2026 Feb 5;189(3):853-871.e31. [Abstract]
- Adv Mater. 2022 Dec;34(49):e2207107. [Abstract]
- Nat Aging. 2025 Dec 19. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 26;16(1):10514. [Abstract]
- Autophagy. 2025 Apr;21(4):807-826. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2024 Sep 1.
- EBioMedicine. 2022 Apr;78:103980. [Abstract]
- Mol Psychiatry. 2025 Aug;30(8):3516-3532. [Abstract]
- Basic Res Cardiol. 2025 Aug 1. [Abstract]
- Basic Res Cardiol. 2021 Dec 16;116(1):65. [Abstract]
- Sens Actuators B Chem. 2025 Oct 1.
- Alzheimers Res Ther. 2024 Jan 20;16(1):15. [Abstract]
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Jun 27:189:118290. [Abstract]
- J Ginseng Res. 2021 Nov;45(6):665-675. [Abstract]
- Microchem J. 2026 Mar 18.
- Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Aug 10:12:887407. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Sep:110:108972. [Abstract]
- Mol Neurobiol. 2025 May;62(5):6195-6211. [Abstract]
- Exp Neurol. 2023 May:363:114350. [Abstract]
- Exp Neurol. 2023 Jan:359:114241. [Abstract]
- Mol Med Rep. 2023 Jan;27(1):6. [Abstract]
- Behav Brain Funct. 2023 Apr 13;19(1):7. [Abstract]
- Cell Biol Int. 2021 Apr;45(4):775-784. [Abstract]
- Int J Pept Res Ther. 2021 Mar 31.
- Folia Neuropathol. 2021;59(2):161-173. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2025 May 15.
- Research Square Preprint. 2023 Jul 13.
- Research Square Preprint. 2020 Aug.
Customer Validation & Images
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Histological Imaging/Staining
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IF
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Histological Imaging/Staining
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Histological Imaging/Staining
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Histological Imaging/Staining
Biological Activity
Guidelines (The following is our recommended experimental protocol. This protocol is for reference only, and specific operations should be adjusted according to your actual needs).
Thioflavine S staining protocol
1.Deparaffinization and hydration of tissue sections: Place slides in holders and treat with the clearing agent xylene (paraffin solvent) and a series of graded EtOH as follows:
100% xylene - 5 min
100% xylene - 5 min
50%/50% xylene/100% EtOH - 3 min
100% EtOH - 3 min
95% EtOH - 3 min
70% EtOH - 3 min
50% EtOH - 3 min
Water - 2 x 3 min
Note: Change the solns after about 5 uses or when you see the soln is not cleanly running off the slides, indicating too much paraffin in them.
2.Incubate in filtered 1% aqueous Thioflavine-S for 8 minutes at room temperature (filter Thioflavin-S before each use). Note: protect thioflavin-S from light, and protect the stained slides from light as much as possible. Thioflavin-S stain should be stored at 4°C.
3.Wash 2x 3 min in 80% ethanol
4.Wash 3 min in 95% ethanol
5.Wash with 3 exchanges of distilled water
6.Coverslip in aqueous mounting media and allow slides to dry in the dark overnight.
7.Next day, seal coverslip with clear nail polish.
8.Analyze slides within the next few days-weeks because the staining will fade with time. Store the slides in the dark at 4°C.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 1326-12-1
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Appearance Solid
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Color Yellow to brown
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SMILES
[Thioflavin S]
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Synonyms
Thioflavin S; Direct Yellow 7
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications (28)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell
Peripheral cancer attenuates amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease via cystatin-c activation of TREM2. [Abstract]2026 Feb 5;189(3):853-871.e31. PMID: 41576952 -
Adv Mater
Engineered Extracellular Vesicles with SHP2 High Expression Promote Mitophagy for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment. [Abstract]2022 Dec;34(49):e2207107. PMID: 36193769 -
Nat Aging
Allosteric activation of a cell-type-specific GPR120 inhibits amyloid pathology of Alzheimer's disease. [Abstract]2025 Dec 19. PMID: 41419665
Thioflavine S purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Aging. 2025 Dec 19. [Abstract]
Brain sections stained were stained with Thioflavin S (green; 500 μM). DAPI was used for nuclear staining (blue).
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Nat Commun
2025 Nov 26;16(1):10514. PMID: 41298370
Thioflavine S purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 26;16(1):10514. [Abstract]
Representative immunofluorescence images showing that mCherry-PCBP2 condensates (red) do not substantially colocalize with the Thioflavin S (ThioS; 0.1% w/v) in SH-SY5Y-mCherry-PCBP2 cells. Arrows in green: amyloid plaques or aggresome, red: PCBP2 condensates.
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Autophagy
Upregulation of ISG15 induced by MAPT/tau accumulation represses autophagic flux by inhibiting HDAC6 activity: a vicious cycle in Alzheimer disease. [Abstract]2025 Apr;21(4):807-826. PMID: 39635882 -
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EBioMedicine
2022 Apr;78:103980. PMID: 35367771
Thioflavine S purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EBioMedicine. 2022 Apr;78:103980. [Abstract]
Thioflavin S (ThS; 500 µM; 8 min). Representative images and quantification analysis of ThS-stained insoluble Aβ plaques in whole brain of 3-5-month-old mice.
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Mol Psychiatry
Dual recombinase-mediated intersectional genetics defines the functional heterogeneity of neural stem cells in adult hippocampus. [Abstract]2025 Aug;30(8):3516-3532. PMID: 39994425 -
Basic Res Cardiol
Attenuation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice through CD80/86 deficiency: improved microvascular obstruction via reduced macrophage and T lymphocyte infiltration. [Abstract]2025 Aug 1. PMID: 40748372 -
Basic Res Cardiol
Protective effect of HINT2 on mitochondrial function via repressing MCU complex activation attenuates cardiac microvascular ischemia-reperfusion injury. [Abstract]2021 Dec 16;116(1):65. PMID: 34914018
Thioflavine S purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Basic Res Cardiol. 2021 Dec 16;116(1):65. [Abstract]
Thioflavin S (1 mL/kg; Tail vein injection). Endothelial-specific overexpression of HINT2 protected the cardiac microcirculation against I/R injury by modulating the MCU complex. Mice were transfected with AAV9-NC or AAV9-HINT2 and suffered from 45 min ischemia and 6 h reperfusion injury. Ru360 was injected intraperitoneally into AAV9-NC mice 1 h before I/R injury to inhibit the MCU complex. Spermine was injected intraperitoneally into AAV9-HINT2 mice 1 h before I/R injury to activate the MCU complex. No reflow area after reperfusion was detected by Thioflavin S staining and quantified.
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Alzheimers Res Ther
Histone deacetylase inhibitors VPA and WT161 ameliorate the pathological features and cognitive impairments of the APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease mouse model by regulating the expression of APP secretases. [Abstract]2024 Jan 20;16(1):15. PMID: 38245771 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Pharmacological interventions on GSK3β phosphorylation-mediated tau aggregation by modulating phase separation of tau proline-rich domain. [Abstract]2025 Jun 27:189:118290. PMID: 40580878 -
J Ginseng Res
Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates Aβ deposition by inhibiting NADPH oxidase 2 activation in APP/PS1 mice. [Abstract]2021 Nov;45(6):665-675. PMID: 34764721
Thioflavine S purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ginseng Res. 2021 Nov;45(6):665-675. [Abstract]
The Aβ deposition in cortex and hippocamus (1% Thioflavin-S staining, yellow arrows indicate Aβ deposition).
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Front Cell Infect Microbiol
Curcumin-driven reprogramming of the gut microbiota and metabolome ameliorates motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. [Abstract]2022 Aug 10:12:887407. PMID: 36034698 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Stress level of glucocorticoid exacerbates neuronal damage and Aβ production through activating NLRP1 inflammasome in primary cultured hippocampal neurons of APP-PS1 mice. [Abstract]2022 Sep:110:108972. PMID: 35777263 -
Mol Neurobiol
Microcystin-LR Exposure Damages Neurons by Inducing α-Syn Aggregation via MAPK4/GATA2/SNCA and PP2A/GRKs Pathways. [Abstract]2025 May;62(5):6195-6211. PMID: 39738876 -
Exp Neurol
Trpc6 knockout improves behavioral dysfunction and reduces Aβ production by inhibiting CN-NFAT1 signaling in T2DM mice. [Abstract]2023 May:363:114350. PMID: 36791875 -
Exp Neurol
A single closed head injury in male adult mice induces chronic, progressive white matter atrophy and increased phospho-tau expressing oligodendrocytes. [Abstract]2023 Jan:359:114241. PMID: 36240881 -
Mol Med Rep
Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates learning and memory impairments and Aβ disposition through inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome and autophagy dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice. [Abstract]2023 Jan;27(1):6. PMID: 36367174 -
Behav Brain Funct
Inhibition of NLRP1 inflammasome improves autophagy dysfunction and Aβ disposition in APP/PS1 mice. [Abstract]2023 Apr 13;19(1):7. PMID: 37055801 -
Cell Biol Int
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes reduce Aβ deposition and improve cognitive function recovery in mice with Alzheimer's disease by activating sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling pathway. [Abstract]2021 Apr;45(4):775-784. PMID: 33300254 -
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Folia Neuropathol
Lycopene supplementation protects vascular dementia gerbils against the impairment of learning and memory. [Abstract]2021;59(2):161-173. PMID: 34284544 -
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Solvent & Solubility
H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (269 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
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