ABL1

ABL1 is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase with SH3, SH2, and kinase domains, an F-actin binding region, and nuclear localization signals that permit shuttling between cytoplasm and nucleus. Autoinhibition is maintained through intramolecular interactions of the SH3 domain and an N-terminal myristoyl switch, a structural feature exploited by allosteric inhibitors. ABL1 participates in DNA-damage responses, cell adhesion, and cytoskeletal remodeling. Its clinical prominence arises from the Philadelphia chromosome translocation, which fuses BCR to ABL1 and generates a constitutively active kinase driving chronic myeloid leukemia and a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, treatable with imatinib and subsequent-generation inhibitors.