BCKDK

BCKDK is a mitochondrial matrix kinase of the PDHK family that specifically switches off branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), the rate-limiting complex of BCAA catabolism. It phosphorylates the E1alpha subunit of BCKDH at the same regulatory serines that the PDK isozymes use on pyruvate dehydrogenase, thereby coupling oxidation of leucine, valine and isoleucine to nutritional state. Its activity is stimulated by ATP and by alpha-ketoisovalerate and inhibited by alpha-ketoisocaproate. Reduced BCKDK expression leads to underphosphorylated, hyperactive BCKDH and elevated plasma BCAA levels. Recombinant BCKDK enables assays of BCAA metabolic control and inhibitor discovery.