Cytidine-d2
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Cytidine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Cytidine. Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function.
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- No. CAS: 40632-25-5
- Fòrmula: C9H11D2N3O5
- Peso molecular:245.23
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Almacenamiento:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Actividad biológica
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Chemical Information
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Solvente y solubilidad
- Protocolo
- Pureza y Documentación
- Referencias
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Help & FAQs
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Actividad biológica
Descripciòn
In Vitro
Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. Deuteration has gained attention because of its potential to affect the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of drugs[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Aplicación
1. This compound can be used as a tracer
2. This compound can be used as an internal standard for quantitative analysis by NMR, GC-MS, or LC-MS.
Chemical Information
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No. CAS 40632-25-5
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Unlabeled CAS 65-46-3
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Appearance Solid
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Peso molecular 245.23
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Fòrmula C9H11D2N3O5
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2C(N=C(N)C([2H])=C2[2H])=O)O1
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Synonyms
Cytosine β-D-riboside-d2; Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside-d2
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Envío
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Almacenamiento
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Solvente y solubilidad
In Vitro:
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (203.89 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL (203.89 mM)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Protocolo
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Mitochondrial membrane-potential fluorescent assay
Mitochondrial membrane potential fluorescent assays estimate ΔΨm in living cells using lipophilic cationic dyes such as TMRM, TMRE, rhodamine 123, and JC-1, which accumulate in mitochondria according to membrane polarization; loss of signal after FCCP or CCCP treatment is interpreted as mitochondrial depolarization. TMRM/TMRE and rhodamine 123 are commonly used for semi-quantitative live-cell microscopy or flow cytometry, while JC-1 can report a shift from red aggregate fluorescence to green monomer fluorescence during depolarization; interpretation requires controls because dye concentration, quenching mode, cell type, dye efflux, and mitochondrial mass can affect fluorescence independently of ΔΨm.
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Mitochondrial membrane-potential and mitochondrial mass staining
Mitochondrial membrane potential staining measures the electrochemical polarization across the mitochondrial inner membrane in live cells using lipophilic cationic fluorescent probes; early rhodamine-based work showed that selective mitochondrial dye accumulation is lost when the mitochondrial transmembrane potential is dissipated. JC-1 reports mitochondrial polarization by shifting from green monomer fluorescence to red J-aggregate fluorescence as dye concentration increases within energized mitochondria; therefore, the red/green fluorescence ratio is used as a relative readout of mitochondrial membrane potential. TMRE or TMRM staining provides a single-channel relative readout because these cationic rhodamine esters accumulate in polarized mitochondria, and lower fluorescence indicates reduced mitochondrial polarization when acquisition and dye-loading conditions are controlled. Mitochondrial mass staining is commonly performed with MitoTracker Green FM or related MitoTracker dyes as
Pureza y Documentación
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Ficha de datos (277 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Instrucciones de manejo (2659 KB)
Referencias
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216. [Content Brief]
[2]. Jonas DA, et al. Safety considerations of DNA in food. Ann Nutr Metab. 2001;45(6):235-54. [Content Brief]
[3]. Wurtman RJ, et al. Effect of oral CDP-choline on plasma choline and uridine levels in humans. Biochem Pharmacol. 2000 Oct 1;60(7):989-92. [Content Brief]
[4]. Machado-Vieira R, et, al. New therapeutic targets for mood disorders. ScientificWorldJournal. 2010 Apr 13;10:713-26. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 4.0778 mL | 20.3890 mL | 40.7780 mL | 101.9451 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8156 mL | 4.0778 mL | 8.1556 mL | 20.3890 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4078 mL | 2.0389 mL | 4.0778 mL | 10.1945 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2719 mL | 1.3593 mL | 2.7185 mL | 6.7963 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2039 mL | 1.0195 mL | 2.0389 mL | 5.0973 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1631 mL | 0.8156 mL | 1.6311 mL | 4.0778 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1359 mL | 0.6796 mL | 1.3593 mL | 3.3982 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1019 mL | 0.5097 mL | 1.0195 mL | 2.5486 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0816 mL | 0.4078 mL | 0.8156 mL | 2.0389 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0680 mL | 0.3398 mL | 0.6796 mL | 1.6991 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0510 mL | 0.2549 mL | 0.5097 mL | 1.2743 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0408 mL | 0.2039 mL | 0.4078 mL | 1.0195 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Cytidine-d2 Related Classifications
HY-B0158S Related Classifications
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