Ningnanmycin
Ningnanmycin is a plant antiviral agent. Ningnanmycin binds to specific residues on the TMV CP disc, inhibits CP assembly, disassembles the CP disc into monomers, and disrupts the structure of the TMV CP disc to reduce pathogenicity. Ningnanmycin binds to key amino acids of PVY CP, interferes with CP-CP interactions, inhibits CP assembly and virion formation, and blocks PVY replication. Ningnanmycin induces the expression of antiviral response genes PRXIIB, PRXIIE, PUB4 and PER42, thereby activating the host defense system. Ningnanmycin can be used in studies related to Tobacco Mosaic Virus infection and Potato Virus Y infection.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 156410-09-2
- Formula: C16H25N7O8
- Molecular Weight:443.41
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Ningnanmycin exhibits the highest affinity for the four-layer aggregated disc of TMV CP (Kd 1.10-3.96 μM), followed by TMV RNA (Kd 16.5 μM), TMV CP monomer (Kd 18.6 μM), and TMV particles (Kd 25.8-52.3 μM)[1].
Ningnanmycin (at capsid protein disk:Ningnanmycin molar ratios of 1:5 and 1:20) disassembles both recombinant and wild-type TMV CP four-layer aggregated disks into monomers in a dose-dependent manner, with complete disassembly achieved at a ratio of 1:20[1].
The binding affinity of Ningnanmycin (with a 1:20 molar ratio of mutant CP discs to Ningnanmycin molecules; 20°C) - with a Kd of 43.5 μM for mutant discs and 1.10 μM for wild-type discs at 20°C - and its ability to induce the depolymerization of CP discs are significantly reduced by mutations in TMV CP residues Ser15, Ser49, Arg71 and Tyr72[1].
Ningnanmycin binds to purified wild-type PVY coat protein, with dissociation constants of 2.24 and 1.34 μM measured by MST and ITC[2].
Ningnanmycin (0.5 mg/mL; spray treatment; 24-96 h; solution floating treatment; 48 h) inhibits the replication of TMV coat protein in *Nicotiana tabacum* cv. K326, and completely eliminates detectable CP after 72 h of treatment[1].
Ningnanmycin (500 μg/mL; spray treatment; applied once at 24 h and 72 h post-inoculation) can significantly inhibit Potato Y virus infection in *Nicotiana benthamiana*, suppress Potato Y virus replication and the polymerization of Potato Y virus coat protein, enhance defense enzyme activities, and increase the levels of SOD, POD and CAT[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Nicotiana tabacum cv. K326
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Concentration:0.5 mg/mL
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Incubation Time:spray; 24 h, 72 h, or 96 h; float on solution; 48 h
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Result:Reduced TMV coat protein (CP) levels after 48-hour leaf disc treatment.
Weakened TMV CP bands after 24-hour spray treatment.
Eliminated detectable TMV CP after 72-hour spray treatment.
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Cell Line:Nicotiana benthamiana
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Concentration:500 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:spray; twice at 24 and 72 hours postinoculation
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Result:Reduced relative PVY-GFP transcript levels to ~0.9, ~0.8, and ~0.6 at 3, 7, and 9 days postinoculation respectively compared to mock and ribavirin-treated controls.
Reduced relative ΔPVY-GFP transcript levels to ~0.2, ~0.3, and ~0.2 at 3, 7, and 9 days postinoculation respectively compared to mock controls.
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Cell Line:Nicotiana benthamiana
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Concentration:500 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:spray; twice at 24 and 72 hours postinoculation
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Result:Decreased PVY-GFP protein levels gradually over time, while levels increased in mock-treated plants.
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Cell Line:Nicotiana benthamiana
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Concentration:500 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:spray; twice at 24 and 72 hours postinoculation
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Result:Diminished GFP fluorescence, indicating inhibited CP-CP interactions, compared to bright fluorescence in mock and ribavirin-treated plants.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 156410-09-2
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Molecular Weight 443.41
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Formula C16H25N7O8
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SMILES
O[C@H]1[C@H](N2C(N=C(C=C2)N)=O)O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]1O)NC([C@H](CO)NC(CNC)=O)=O)C(N)=O
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
Streptomyces noursei var.
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Li X, et al. Ningnanmycin inhibits tobacco mosaic virus virulence by binding directly to its coat protein discs. Oncotarget. 2017;8(47):82446-82458. Published 2017 Jul 19. [Content Brief]
[2]. Wu Z, et al. Ningnanmycin Activates Defense Systems against Potato Virus Y in Nicotiana benthamiana. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Dec 4;72(48):26633-26643. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
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