SB-431542
Based on 302 publication(s) in Google Scholar
SB-431542 is a TGF-β receptor kinase inhibitor (TRKI). SB-431542 has inhibitory activity for ALK4, ALK5 and ALK7 with IC50 values of 1 μM, 0.75 μM and 2 μM, respectively. SB-431542 also inhibits TGF-β-induced transcription, gene expression, apoptosis, and growth suppression. SB-431542 can be used for the research of cancer and signal transduction pathways.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.85%
- CAS No.: 301836-41-9
- Formula: C22H16N4O3
- Molecular Weight:384.39
-
Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) SB-431542
More- Cancer Cell. 2025 May 12;43(5):856-874.e9. [Abstract]
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- Nat Methods. 2025 Feb;22(2):358-370. [Abstract]
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- Nat Biomed Eng. 2023 Mar;7(3):253-269. [Abstract]
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IF
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WB
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WB
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WB
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WB
Biological Activity
|
ALK4 1 μM (IC50) |
ALK5 0.75 μM (IC50) |
ALK7 2 μM (IC50) |
|
Cell Line
|
Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HaCaT | EC50 |
172 nM
Compound: 1a, SB-431542
|
Inhibition of TGFbeta receptor in human HaCaT cells assessed as Smad phosphorylation by ELISA
Inhibition of TGFbeta receptor in human HaCaT cells assessed as Smad phosphorylation by ELISA
|
[PMID: 20919678] |
| HEK-293T | IC50 |
0.066 μM
Compound: SB-431542, SB
|
Inhibition of TGBR2 signaling in human HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of SMAD activation after 2 to 22 hrs by dual Luciferase Assay
Inhibition of TGBR2 signaling in human HEK293T cells assessed as inhibition of SMAD activation after 2 to 22 hrs by dual Luciferase Assay
|
[PMID: 23130626] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
250 nM
Compound: SB-431542
|
Inhibition of TGFR-1 in human HepG2 cells expressing PAI-luciferase by luciferase reporter gene assay
Inhibition of TGFR-1 in human HepG2 cells expressing PAI-luciferase by luciferase reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 19914068] |
| NCI-H1299 | IC50 |
0.5 μM
Compound: 3, SB-431542
|
Antimigratory activity against human H1299 cells assessed as inhibition of cell migration after 12 to 24 hrs by transwell migration assay
Antimigratory activity against human H1299 cells assessed as inhibition of cell migration after 12 to 24 hrs by transwell migration assay
|
[PMID: 24417479] |
| Sf9 | IC50 |
1.542 μM
Compound: 1
|
Inhibition of human recombinant ALK5 phosphorylation expressed in Sf9 cells
Inhibition of human recombinant ALK5 phosphorylation expressed in Sf9 cells
|
[PMID: 17552507] |
| Sf9 | IC50 |
67.1 nM
Compound: SB-431542
|
Inhibition of recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged TGFbeta1 receptor (80 to end residues) expressed in baculovirus infected Sf9 insect cells using casein as substrate measured after 2 hrs by ADP-Glo assay
Inhibition of recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged TGFbeta1 receptor (80 to end residues) expressed in baculovirus infected Sf9 insect cells using casein as substrate measured after 2 hrs by ADP-Glo assay
|
[PMID: 31408333] |
SB-431542 can inhibit the activity for ALK4, ALK5 and ALK7 with IC50 values of 1 μM, 0.75 μM and 2 μM, respectively[1].
SB-431542 (0- 10 μM; 24 h) inhibits ALK5 and also the activin type I receptor ALK4 and the nodal type I receptor ALK7, which are very highly related to ALK5 in their kinase domains[1].
SB-431542 (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, or 10 μM; 30 min) efficiently inhibits Smad phosphorylation induced by TGF-β and activin but not BMP4[1].
SB-431542 (0-10 μM) inhibits TGF-beta-induced transcription, gene expression, apoptosis, and growth suppression[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Cell Line:NIH 3T3 cells; HaCaT, NIH 3T3, C2C12 cells and T47D cells
-
Concentration:10 μM; 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, or 10 μM
-
Incubation Time:24 h; 30 min
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Result:Inhibited efficiently phosphorylated Smad2.
Inhibited the TGF-β- and activin-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 but not BMP-induced phosphorylation of Smad1.
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Cell Line:A549 and HT29 cells
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Concentration:10 μM
-
Incubation Time:24 h
-
Result:Inhibited TGF-induced growth suppression and apoptosis.
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Cell Line:A549 cells
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Concentration:2, 10 μM
-
Incubation Time:21 h
-
Result:Blocked TGF- induced tumor cell invasion.
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Cell Line:A549 cells
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Concentration:2, 10 μM
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Incubation Time:5 h , 30 h
-
Result:Blocked TGF- induced tumor cell migration.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Rabbits (3 to 5 months, 1.8 - 2.5 kg)[3]
-
Dosage:0.5 and 2 mM
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Administration:Subconjunctival injection, on days 1, 2, 3, and 7
-
Result:Showed wound healing and less severe scar formation.
Chemical Information
-
CAS No. 301836-41-9
-
Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 384.39
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Formula C22H16N4O3
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Color Off-white to yellow
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SMILES
O=C(C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=NC(C3=CC=C4OCOC4=C3)=C(N2)C5=NC=CC=C5)N
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (302)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cancer Cell
PAI-1-driven SFRP2high cancer-associated fibroblasts hijack the abscopal effect of radioimmunotherapy. [Abstract]2025 May 12;43(5):856-874.e9. PMID: 40086438 -
Cell
2024 Nov 14;187(23):6566-6583.e22. PMID: 39332412 -
Nat Methods
Multiplexing cortical brain organoids for the longitudinal dissection of developmental traits at single-cell resolution. [Abstract]2025 Feb;22(2):358-370. PMID: 39653820 -
Cell Metab
Warburg-like metabolic transformation underlies neuronal degeneration in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. [Abstract]2022 Sep 6;34(9):1248-1263.e6. PMID: 35987203 -
Nat Genet
Single-nucleus multi-omic profiling of human placental syncytiotrophoblasts identifies cellular trajectories during pregnancy. [Abstract]2024 Feb;56(2):294-305. PMID: 38267607
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Genet. 2024 Feb;56(2):294-305. [Abstract]
Trophoblast organoids constructed from hTSCs-BL. Trophoblast markers: CDH1 and hCG. Briefly, hTSCs were cultured in hTSCs medium (DMEM/F12 supplemented with 0.1 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.2% FBS, 0.5% Penicillin–Streptomycin, 0.3% BSA, 1% ITS-X supplement, 1.5 μg/ml L-ascorbicacid, 50 ng/mL Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)(MedChemExpress), 2 μM CHIR99021 (MedChemExpress), 0.5 μM A83-01 (MedChemExpress), 1 μM SB431542 (MedChemExpress), 0.8 mM Valproic acid and 5 μM Y27632 (MedChemExpress).
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Nat Immunol
Delaying pyroptosis with an AI-screened gasdermin D pore blocker mitigates inflammatory response. [Abstract]2025 Oct;26(10):1660-1672. PMID: 40954252 -
Adv Mater
Host Cell Membrane-Cloaked Nanomedicine Reprograms Endothelial Surface for Enhanced Patency in Allogeneic Vascular Grafts. [Abstract]2025 Aug 16:e06653. PMID: 40817778 -
Nat Biomed Eng
Generation of neural organoids for spinal-cord regeneration via the direct reprogramming of human astrocytes. [Abstract]2023 Mar;7(3):253-269. PMID: 36424465 -
Immunity
The transcription factor MEF2C restrains microglial overactivation by inhibiting kinase CDK2. [Abstract]2025 Mar 21:S1074-7613(25)00093-7. PMID: 40139186 -
Immunity
Intestinal Tuft-2 cells exert antimicrobial immunity via sensing bacterial metabolite N-undecanoylglycine. [Abstract]2022 Apr 12;55(4):686-700.e7. PMID: 35320705 -
Gut
2022 Nov;71(11):2325-2336. PMID: 34996824 -
Cell Stem Cell
Establishing dorsal-ventral patterning in human neural tube organoids with synthetic organizers. [Abstract]2025 Jul 3;32(7):1071-1086.e8. PMID: 40373768 -
Nat Microbiol
Engineering Toxoplasma gondii secretion systems for intracellular delivery of multiple large therapeutic proteins to neurons. [Abstract]2024 Aug;9(8):2051-2072. PMID: 39075233 -
Nat Aging
2024 Apr;4(4):568-583. PMID: 38491289
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Aging. 2024 Apr;4(4):568-583. [Abstract]
Aβfibril-treated primary neurons from WT mice were preincubated with SB431542 (10 μM) or MK-2206 (10 μM) for 20 min followed by exposure to GDF1 (100 ng/mL) for 30 min. Imunoblotting was used to test the levels of Akt, p-Akt, AEP and APP N585
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Mol Neurodegener
Endothelium-specific endoglin triggers astrocyte reactivity via extracellular vesicles in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. [Abstract]2025 Jul 23;20(1):84. PMID: 40702549 -
Mol Cell
Distinct associations of pioneer factor Ascl1-E12a with nucleosomes drive changes in cell fate. [Abstract]2026 Jun 12:S1097-2765(26)00344-8. PMID: 42285106 -
Cancer Res
Extracellular Vesicle-Packaged miR-99a Reprograms Fibroblasts to Create an Inflammatory Niche that Drives Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. [Abstract]2025 Sep 24. PMID: 40991395 -
Mol Cell
Cytoplasmic binding partners of the Integrator endonuclease INTS11 and its paralog CPSF73 are required for their nuclear function. [Abstract]2024 Jul 8:S1097-2765(24)00524-0. PMID: 39032490 -
Cancer Res
Cross-talk between SOX2 and TGFβ Signaling Regulates EGFR-TKI Tolerance and Lung Cancer Dissemination. [Abstract]2020 Oct 15;80(20):4426-4438. PMID: 32816907 -
Cancer Res
Dysregulated Tgfbr2/ERK-Smad4/SOX2 Signaling Promotes Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Formation. [Abstract]2019 Sep 1;79(17):4466-4479. PMID: 31209059 -
ACS Nano
Hybrid Exosome-Liposome Nanoparticles for Dual Modulation of Neuroinflammation and Lipid Metabolism in Ischemic Stroke. [Abstract]2025 Sep 23;19(37):33567-33586. PMID: 40948043 -
Hepatology
ATP7B gene therapy of autologous reprogrammed hepatocytes alleviates copper accumulation in a mouse model of Wilson's disease. [Abstract]2022 Oct;76(4):1046-1057. PMID: 35340061 -
Nat Commun
Imaging mitochondrial membrane potential via concentration-dependent fluorescence lifetime changes. [Abstract]2025 Dec 12;16(1):11088. PMID: 41387403 -
Nat Commun
Geometrically-engineered human motor assembloids-on-a-chip for neuromuscular interaction readout and hypoxia-driven disease modeling. [Abstract]2025 Sep 30;16(1):8693. PMID: 41028715 -
Transl Neurodegener
2024 Oct 29;13(1):53. PMID: 39472972 -
Bone Res
Single cell atlas decodes the molecular dynamics of scar repair after human rotator cuff tear. [Abstract]2026 Feb 5;14(1):17. PMID: 41644521 -
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Depletion of Sorcs3 Activates Totipotency in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells by Modulating Key Signaling Pathways. [Abstract]2025 Nov 3:e09151. PMID: 41178446 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Quantifying the Single-Cell Morphological Landscape of Cellular Transdifferentiation through Force Field Reconstruction. [Abstract]2025 Nov 7:e12325. PMID: 41203584 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
2025 Oct 14:e15374. PMID: 41085070 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
ACE-mediated Glycosylation Stabilizes PSAP To Promote GPR37-dependent Macrophage-Nucleus Pulposus Cells Crosstalk and TGFβ Signaling in Alleviating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. [Abstract]2025 Oct 14:e10662. PMID: 41085015 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Stabilization of TGF-β Receptor 1 by a Receptor-Associated Adaptor Dictates Feedback Activation of the TGF-β Signaling Pathway to Maintain Liver Cancer Stemness and Drug Resistance. [Abstract]2024 Jul 9:e2402327. PMID: 38981014 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
TSPYL1 as a Critical Regulator of TGFβ Signaling through Repression of TGFBR1 and TSPYL2. [Abstract]2024 Jun;11(21):e2306486. PMID: 38588050 -
Theranostics
Local administration of liposomal-based Srpx2 gene therapy reverses pulmonary fibrosis by blockading fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition. [Abstract]2021 May 13;11(14):7110-7125. PMID: 34093874 -
Theranostics
The subcellular redistribution of NLRC5 promotes angiogenesis via interacting with STAT3 in endothelial cells. [Abstract]2021 Mar 4;11(9):4483-4501. PMID: 33754073 -
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Exp Mol Med
MRTF-A-NF-κB/p65 axis-mediated PDL1 transcription and expression contributes to immune evasion of non-small-cell lung cancer via TGF-β. [Abstract]2021 Sep;53(9):1366-1378. PMID: 34548615 -
Biomaterials
2020 May;240:119849. PMID: 32087458 -
J Exp Clin Cancer Res
SLC14A1 and TGF-β signaling: a feedback loop driving EMT and colorectal cancer metachronous liver metastasis. [Abstract]2024 Jul 27;43(1):208. PMID: 39061061 -
J Exp Clin Cancer Res
Procoxacin bidirectionally inhibits osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in bone and suppresses bone metastasis of prostate cancer. [Abstract]2023 Feb 9;42(1):45. PMID: 36759880 -
Sci Adv
Neuropilin 1 is an entry receptor for KSHV infection of mesenchymal stem cell through TGFBR1/2-mediated macropinocytosis. [Abstract]2023 May 24;9(21):eadg1778. PMID: 37224259 -
Small
2020 Jun;16(22):e2001371. PMID: 32338439 -
Redox Biol
Mitochondrial fusion induced by transforming growth factor-β1 serves as a switch that governs the metabolic reprogramming during differentiation of regulatory T cells. [Abstract]2023 Jun:62:102709. PMID: 37116255 -
Redox Biol
Inhibition of ferroptosis and iron accumulation alleviates pulmonary fibrosis in a bleomycin model. [Abstract]2022 Nov:57:102509. PMID: 36302319 -
Brain
Transplantation of engineered spinal cord organoids restores functions after spinal cord injury. [Abstract]2025 Dec 19:awaf471. PMID: 41414801 -
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J Immunother Cancer
CD146+ CAFs mediate immunosuppression in gastric cancer via COL4A1: potential therapeutic targets. [Abstract]2025 Dec 21;13(12):e013577. PMID: 41423274 -
Cell Rep Med
An Automated Organoid Platform with Inter-organoid Homogeneity and Inter-patient Heterogeneity. [Abstract]2020 Dec 22;1(9):100161. PMID: 33377132 -
Mater Today Bio
Establishing stable and highly osteogenic hiPSC-derived MSCs for 3D-printed bone graft through microenvironment modulation by CHIR99021-treated osteocytes. [Abstract]2024 Jun 1:26:101111. PMID: 38933413 -
Mol Psychiatry
Lineage specification into GABAergic, glutamatergic, dopaminergic, and astrocytic phenotypes using MUSE stem cells: a novel approach for modeling neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. [Abstract]2025 Sep 22. PMID: 40983651 -
Cell Death Dis
Generation of proliferative hESC-derived grape-clustered hepatocyte organoids with multipolar architecture as regenerative counterpart via synergy of YAP and IGF2 pathways. [Abstract]2026 Mar 26;17(1):381. PMID: 41888105 -
Biomater Res
Distinct Roles of Matrigel Enabled the Production of Expandable Hepatoblast and Polarized Hepatocyte Organoids from Human Embryonic Stem Cells under 3-Dimensional Suspension Conditions. [Abstract]2025 Nov 7:29:0280. PMID: 41209312 -
Cell Death Dis
CILP1 interacting with YBX1 promotes hypertrophic scar formation by suppressing PPARs transcription. [Abstract]2025 May 9;16(1):371. PMID: 40346063 -
Cell Death Dis
ADAMTS16 drives epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis through a feedback loop upon TGF-β1 activation in lung adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2024 Nov 17;15(11):837. PMID: 39551781 -
Cell Death Dis
Nodal promotes colorectal cancer survival and metastasis through regulating SCD1-mediated ferroptosis resistance. [Abstract]2023 Mar 31;14(3):229. PMID: 37002201 -
Cell Death Dis
Metformin suppresses the growth of colorectal cancer by targeting INHBA to inhibit TGF-β/PI3K/AKT signaling transduction. [Abstract]2022 Mar 2;13(3):202. PMID: 35236827 -
Cell Death Dis
Colorectal cancer-associated fibroblasts promote metastasis by up-regulating LRG1 through stromal IL-6/STAT3 signaling. [Abstract]2021 Dec 20;13(1):16. PMID: 34930899 -
Genes Dis
Unraveling the role of the WIPF1/ACTN4 complex in podosome formation of human placental EVTs: Insights into recurrent spontaneous abortion. [Abstract]2025 May 2;12(6):101665. PMID: 40821124 -
Angiogenesis
Human iPSC and CRISPR targeted gene knock-in strategy for studying the somatic TIE2L914F mutation in endothelial cells. [Abstract]2024 Aug;27(3):523-542. PMID: 38771392 -
Cell Commun Signal
2025 Jul 25;23(1):355. PMID: 40713734 -
Cell Commun Signal
SB431542 partially inhibits high glucose-induced EMT by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis in RPE cells. [Abstract]2024 Jan 5;22(1):17. PMID: 38183022 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Downregulation of the biological macromolecule Spondin-2 disrupts maternal-fetal immune tolerance and trophoblast invasion, driving unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. [Abstract]2025 Dec 12;338(Pt 1):149672. PMID: 41391791 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
Role of thrombospondin-1 in high-salt-induced mesenteric artery endothelial impairment in rats. [Abstract]2024 Mar;45(3):545-557. PMID: 37932403 -
Phytomedicine
Integrated UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap HRMS and serum pharmacochemistry for the investigation of anti-hepatic fibrosis effect of Baoganning Decoction. [Abstract]2025 Jan 2:137:156363. PMID: 39799893 -
EMBO Mol Med
Ontogenetic changes in hepatic glutathione system (synthesis, catabolism, export) of male Uje:WIST rats. [Abstract]2020 Jan 9;12(1):e10681. PMID: 1793740 -
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
Facile Nanocomposite Hydrogel Scaffold with Sustained Drug Release and Osteo-Immunomodulatory Effects to Enhance Bone Regeneration. [Abstract]2025 Apr 2;17(13):19286-19303. PMID: 40116446 -
Free Radic Biol Med
2024 Dec 9:227:296-311. PMID: 39653130 -
Am J Hum Genet
Truncated variants of MAGEL2 are involved in the etiologies of the Schaaf-Yang and Prader-Willi syndromes. [Abstract]2024 Jul 11;111(7):1383-1404. PMID: 38908375 -
NPJ Precis Oncol
Cytokine and epigenetic regulation of CEACAM6 mediates EGFR-driven signaling and drug response in lung adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Apr 22;9(1):115. PMID: 40263546 -
Sci Total Environ
The IL-31/TRPV1 pathway mediates allergic asthma exacerbated by DINP dermal exposure in OVA-sensitized Balb/c mice. [Abstract]2024 Feb 20:912:169613. PMID: 38154627 -
Br J Pharmacol
The antagonistic effects and mechanisms of microRNA-26a action in hypertensive vascular remodelling. [Abstract]2021 Mar;178(5):1037-1054. PMID: 33305374 -
Clin Sci
2019 Oct 30;133(20):2069-2084. PMID: 31654062 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Multi-organ model assessment of neurotoxicity following exposure of liver spheroids to drugs. [Abstract]2025 Apr 2:186:118021. PMID: 40179733 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by inhibiting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammation by regulating CCN1. [Abstract]2023 Aug:164:114920. PMID: 37216706 -
Biomed Pharmacother
2023 May:161:114510. PMID: 36931024 -
Biomed Pharmacother
AAV9-HGF cooperating with TGF-beta/Smad inhibitor attenuates silicosis fibrosis via inhibiting ferroptosis. [Abstract]2023 May:161:114537. PMID: 36933378
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 May:161:114537. [Abstract]
SB431542 (4.2 mg/kg; i.p.; single daily for 3 days) reduces the expression of α-SMA, collagen-I and p-Smad3 in SiO2-induced fibrosis lungs of mice.
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J Transl Med
Targeted delivery of ZNF416 siRNA-loaded liposomes attenuates experimental pulmonary fibrosis. [Abstract]2022 Nov 12;20(1):523. PMID: 36371191 -
J Transl Med
Delineation of colorectal cancer ligand-receptor interactions and their roles in the tumor microenvironment and prognosis. [Abstract]2021 Dec 7;19(1):497. PMID: 34876143 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Down-regulation of SEPT9 inhibits glioma progression through suppressing TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). [Abstract]2020 May;125:109768. PMID: 32106387 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Salidroside enhances proliferation and maintains phenotype of articular chondrocytes for autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) via TGF-β/Smad3 Signal. [Abstract]2020 Feb;122:109388. PMID: 31919041 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Ganoderal A effectively induces osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells via cross-talk between Wnt/β-catenin and BMP/SMAD signaling pathways. [Abstract]2020 Mar;123:109807. PMID: 31896066 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
In vitro derivation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons from porcine embryonic stem cells in multi-dimensional conditions. [Abstract]2025 Nov 5;16(1):617. PMID: 41194288 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from hPSC via neural crest attenuate chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency by ameliorating apoptosis and oxidative stress in granulosa cells. [Abstract]2025 May 13;16(1):239. PMID: 40361250 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
Growth differentiation factor 11 alleviates oxidative stress-induced senescence of endothelial progenitor cells via activating autophagy. [Abstract]2024 Oct 17;15(1):370. PMID: 39420391 -
Chin Med J (Engl)
Repression of Smad3 by silencing Robo1 attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tracheobronchial stenosis. [Abstract]2023 Sep 5;136(17):2125-2127. PMID: 37455334 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
Stable expression of a truncated TLX variant drives differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into self-renewing neural stem cells for production of extracellular vesicles. [Abstract]2022 Sep 2;13(1):436. PMID: 36056423 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
The angiogenic properties of human amniotic membrane stem cells are enhanced in gestational diabetes and associate with fetal adiposity. [Abstract]2021 Dec 20;12(1):608. PMID: 34930438 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes promote tendon healing by activating both SMAD1/5/9 and SMAD2/3. [Abstract]2021 Jun 10;12(1):338. PMID: 34112236 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
Photoactivation of TGFβ/SMAD signaling pathway ameliorates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease model. [Abstract]2021 Jun 11;12(1):345. PMID: 34116709 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
Expression dynamics of integrin α2, α3, and αV upon osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. [Abstract]2020 Jun 3;11(1):210. PMID: 32493499 -
Oncogene
Ubiquitination-mediated degradation of SIRT1 by SMURF2 suppresses CRC cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. [Abstract]2020 May;39(22):4450-4464. PMID: 32361710 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
Regenerative and protective effects of dMSC-sEVs on high-glucose-induced senescent fibroblasts by suppressing RAGE pathway and activating Smad pathway. [Abstract]2020 Apr 29;11(1):166. PMID: 32349787 -
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Cell Death Discov
2025 Mar 6;11(1):89. PMID: 40050610 -
Cell Rep
NFE2-driven neutrophil polarization promotes pancreatic cancer liver metastasis progression. [Abstract]2025 Jan 18;44(2):115226. PMID: 39827463 -
Cell Rep
2024 Jul 5;43(7):114425. PMID: 38970789 -
Cell Rep
The mesodermal and myogenic specification of hESCs depend on ZEB1 and are inhibited by ZEB2. [Abstract]2023 Oct 10;42(10):113222. PMID: 37819755 -
Cell Rep
ALKBH5 causes retinal pigment epithelium anomalies and choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration via the AKT/mTOR pathway. [Abstract]2023 Jul 11;42(7):112779. PMID: 37436898 -
Cell Rep
YTHDF1 phase separation triggers the fate transition of spermatogonial stem cells by activating the IκB-NF-κB-CCND1 axis. [Abstract]2023 Apr 14;42(4):112403. PMID: 37060562 -
Cell Rep
m6A modification of circSPECC1 suppresses RPE oxidative damage and maintains retinal homeostasis. [Abstract]2022 Nov 15;41(7):111671. PMID: 36384115 -
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Neurotherapeutics
Tanshinone IIA Ameliorates CNS Autoimmunity by Promoting the Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells. [Abstract]2020 Apr;17(2):690-703. PMID: 31845175 -
Br J Cancer
Fibroblast growth factor signals drive the metastatic behavior in small cell lung cancer. [Abstract]2025 Dec 13. PMID: 41390896 -
J Med Chem
Germacrane Sesquiterpenoids as a New Type of Anticardiac Fibrosis Agent Targeting Transforming Growth Factor β Type I Receptor. [Abstract]2019 Sep 12;62(17):7961-7975. PMID: 31408333 -
Neural Regen Res
Hedgehog signaling activation rescues hypoxia-induced ferroptosis in human brain organoids. [Abstract]2025 Sep 29. PMID: 41017694 -
Antioxidants (Basel)
Oxidized High-Density Lipoprotein Induces Endothelial Fibrosis Promoting Hyperpermeability, Hypotension, and Increased Mortality. [Abstract]2022 Dec 15;11(12):2469. PMID: 36552677 -
NPJ Regen Med
Alkaline shear-thinning micro-nanocomposite hydrogels initiate endogenous TGFβ signaling for in situ bone regeneration. [Abstract]2023 Oct 13;8(1):56. PMID: 37833374 -
Oncoimmunology
An oncogene regulating chromatin favors response to immunotherapy: Oncogene CHAF1A and immunotherapy outcomes. [Abstract]2024 Jan 9;13(1):2303195. PMID: 38235318 -
Fundam Res
Droplet-engineered organoids recapitulate parental tissue transcriptome with inter-organoid homogeneity and inter-tumor cell heterogeneity. [Abstract]2022 Jun 3;4(6):1506-1514. PMID: 39734523 -
Phytother Res
(+)-Isobicyclogermacrenal and spathulenol from Aristolochia yunnanensis alleviate cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting transforming growth factor β/small mother against decapentaplegic signaling pathway. [Abstract]2019 Jan;33(1):214-223. PMID: 30375049
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytother Res. 2019 Jan;33(1):214-223. [Abstract]
Western analysis of FN and α-SMA in cardiac fibroblasts or NIH3T3 with treatments of (+)‐isobicyclogermacrenal, spathulenol, oxymatrine (OMT), and SB431542 at indicated concentrations.
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Cell Mol Life Sci
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals liver developmental trajectory during lineage reprogramming of human induced hepatocyte-like cells. [Abstract]2025 Apr 6;82(1):139. PMID: 40188417 -
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
F-53B-induced placental vascular endothelial dysfunction leads to intrauterine growth retardation of fetal mice. [Abstract]2025 Nov 29:308:119467. PMID: 41319464 -
Antioxid Redox Signal
Remifentanil Mitigates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced D1-Medium Spiny Neurons Damage via Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 Upregulation. [Abstract]2025 Nov;43(13-15):709-726. PMID: 40810178 -
Antioxid Redox Signal
Radiation-induced bystander effect on the genome of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in lung cancer. [Abstract]2023 Apr;38(10-12):747-767. PMID: 36242096 -
Eur J Med Chem
Rare flavanone-diarylheptanoid hybrids from Typha angustifolia shows anti breast cancer activity via activating TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. [Abstract]2024 Mar 15:268:116220. PMID: 38387332 -
Int J Mol Med
TGF-β1 secreted by M2 phenotype macrophages enhances the stemness and migration of glioma cells via the SMAD2/3 signalling pathway. [Abstract]2018 Dec;42(6):3395-3403. PMID: 30320350 -
J Invest Dermatol
MED1 Downregulation Contributes to TGFβ-Induced Metastasis by Inhibiting SMAD2 Ubiquitination Degradation in Cutaneous Melanoma. [Abstract]2022 Aug;142(8):2228-2237.e4. PMID: 35131256 -
Cell Prolif
PHGDH Orchestrates Cell Cycle Progression to Drive Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Myocardial Regeneration via TGF-β/Smad Signalling Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Sep 10:e70123. PMID: 40930719 -
Clin Exp Ophthalmol
Novel Insight of Posterior Capsule Opacification: The Role of Lens Epithelial Cell Senescence. [Abstract]2025 Jul 14. PMID: 40660668 -
Cell Prolif
2025 Mar;58(3):e13765. PMID: 39407407 -
Cell Prolif
ISRIB facilitates the co-culture of human trophoblast stem cells and embryonic stem cells. [Abstract]2024 Jun;57(6):e13599. PMID: 38217296 -
Cell Prolif
NAT10-mediated ac4 C modification promotes ectoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells via acetylating NR2F1 mRNA. [Abstract]2024 Apr;57(4):e13577. PMID: 38041497 -
Cell Prolif
Function and regulation of transforming growth factor β1 signalling in antler chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. [Abstract]2019 Jul;52(4):e12637. PMID: 31168899 -
Am J Chin Med
Astragaloside IV Improves Pulmonary Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Inhibiting Ferroptosis through Modulation of the Calpain-1/TGF-β/TFRC Pathway. [Abstract]2025;53(4):1181-1206. PMID: 40582717 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Research on the mechanism of Carthamus tinctorius L. against skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis based on serum pharmacochemistry, network pharmacology, and experimental validation. [Abstract]2026 May 10:362:121289. PMID: 41643876 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Polysaccharide from Campanumoea javanica Bl. accelerate wound healing via moderating TGF-β1/Smad3 pathways and promoting SIRT1-mediated macrophage polarization in rats. [Abstract]2026 Feb 28:357:120851. PMID: 41232631 -
J Ethnopharmacol
RNA-seq combined network pharmacology reveals that Fu-Gan-Wan (FGW) inhibits liver fibrosis via NF-κB/CCL2/CCR2 and lipid peroxidation via Nrf2/HMOX1 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2024 May 23:326:117963. PMID: 38387680 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Zuojin Pill ameliorates chronic atrophic gastritis induced by MNNG through TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt axis. [Abstract]2021 May 10:271:113893. PMID: 33524511 -
J Ethnopharmacol
2020 Mar 1;249:112404. PMID: 31739105 -
Cells
From Young to Old: Mimicking Neuronal Aging in Directly Converted Neurons from Young Donors. [Abstract]2024 Jul 26;13(15):1260. PMID: 39120291 -
Life Sci
Epithelial cells and fibroblasts are both activated via TGF-β1 and GSK-3β pathways differentially in the comorbidity of pulmonary fibrosis with lung adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2025 May 9:374:123696. PMID: 40349653 -
Commun Biol
2025 Apr 29;8(1):675. PMID: 40301568 -
Commun Biol
IL-27 alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders by inhibiting adipogenesis via activating HDAC6. [Abstract]2025 Mar 19;8(1):460. PMID: 40108289 -
Front Nutr
Effect of high glucose supplementation on pulmonary fibrosis involving reactive oxygen species and TGF-β. [Abstract]2022 Oct 11;9:998662. PMID: 36304232 -
Front Nutr
Fructose Induces Pulmonary Fibrotic Phenotype Through Promoting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Mediated by ROS-Activated Latent TGF-β1. [Abstract]2022 May 27:9:850689. PMID: 35711535 -
Respir Res
Impaired AT2 to AT1 cell transition in PM2.5-induced mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Abstract]2022 Mar 25;23(1):70. PMID: 35337337 -
Int J Mol Sci
Chronic Exposure to TDI Induces Cell Migration and Invasion via TGF-β1 Signal Transduction. [Abstract]2023 Mar 24;24(7):6157. PMID: 37047129 -
Int J Mol Sci
Transcriptional Regulation of Siglec-15 by ETS-1 and ETS-2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. [Abstract]2023 Jan 2;24(1):792. PMID: 36614238 -
Int J Mol Sci
Isoviolanthin Extracted from Dendrobium officinale Reverses TGF-β1-Mediated Epithelial⁻Mesenchymal Transition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Deactivating the TGF-β/Smad and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways. [Abstract]2018 May 23;19(6). pii: E1556. PMID: 29882900
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2018 May 23;19(6). pii: E1556. [Abstract]
E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, and MMP-2 expression in HCC cells is examined by Western blot analysis. GAPDH is used as a loading control.
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Int J Mol Sci
2017 Apr 18;18(4). pii: E853. PMID: 28420207
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Apr 18;18(4). pii: E853. [Abstract]
The protein level of Six2 and Ki67 after the treatment of phosphorylation Smad3 ( p-Smad3) inhibitor SB431542 (10 µM) for 48 h.
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Pharm Biol
Loke zupa decoction attenuates bronchial EMT-mediated airway remodelling in chronic asthma through the PI3K-Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway. [Abstract]2023 Dec;61(1):1332-1342. PMID: 37655452 -
Front Pharmacol
Berberine Attenuates Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Induced by MNNG and Its Potential Mechanism. [Abstract]2021 Mar 25:12:644638. PMID: 33841162 -
Eur J Pharmacol
4-Phenylbutyrate attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiorenal comorbidity by suppressing ER stress-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. [Abstract]2026 Feb 15:1015:178580. PMID: 41571078 -
mBio
2025 Jul 31:e0136625. PMID: 40742129 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Activin A exacerbates neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis via ALK4-mediated apoptosis and barrier disruption. [Abstract]2025 Jun 9:161:115043. PMID: 40494204 -
Int Immunopharmacol
The role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in mediating PD-L1 upregulation during fibroblast transdifferentiation. [Abstract]2024 Sep 18;142(Pt B):113186. PMID: 39298817 -
Eur J Pharmacol
Mechanistic investigation of wogonin in delaying the progression of endothelial mesenchymal transition by targeting the TGF-β1 pathway in pulmonary hypertension. [Abstract]2024 Jun 26:176786. PMID: 38942264 -
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
m6A-Mediated Upregulation of Imprinted in Prader-Willi Syndrome Induces Aberrant Apical-Basal Polarization and Oxidative Damage in RPE Cells. [Abstract]2024 Feb 1;65(2):10. PMID: 38315495 -
Eur J Pharmacol
Irisin ameliorates D-galactose-induced skeletal muscle fibrosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway. [Abstract]2023 Jan 15:939:175476. PMID: 36539073 -
Int Immunopharmacol
GDF11 ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis through modulating macrophage M1 and M2 polarization by targeting the TGFβR1/SMAD-2 pathway. [Abstract]2022 Jul:108:108777. PMID: 35461108 -
Bioorg Chem
Presegetane diterpenoids from Euphorbia sieboldiana as a new type of anti-liver fibrosis agents that inhibit TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. [Abstract]2021 Sep:114:105222. PMID: 34375196 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Cigarette smoke extract induces apoptosis of rat alveolar Type II cells via the PLTP/TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway. [Abstract]2015 Sep;28(1):707-14. PMID: 26258626
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int Immunopharmacol. 2015 Sep;28(1):707-14. [Abstract]
SB431542 is used to block the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway and the expression of PLTP, p-Smad2 and cleaved caspase-3 is analyzed. (A) RLE-6TN cells are treated with 5–500 nM SB431542 for 72 h. Expression of PLTP and p-Smad2 is analyzed by Western blot. (B) CSE-treated rat lung epithelial cells are treated with 500 nM SB431542 to block the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway.
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Molecules
Structure Identification of ViceninII Extracted from Dendrobium officinale and the Reversal of TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial⁻Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells through TGF-β/Smad and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways. [Abstract]2019 Jan 2;24(1):144. PMID: 30609689 -
Cell Rep Methods
2024 Aug 27:100843. PMID: 39216483 -
Cell Rep Methods
2024 May 8:100777. PMID: 38744289 -
J Mater Sci Mater Med
2020 Nov 30;31(12):130. PMID: 33252704 -
Mol Oncol
TGF-β transactivates EGFR and facilitates breast cancer migration and invasion through canonical Smad3 and ERK/Sp1 signaling pathways. [Abstract]2018 Mar;12(3):305-321. PMID: 29215776
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Oncol. 2018 Mar;12(3):305-321. [Abstract]
Western blot analysis of EGFR, total and phosphorylated Smad3, total and phosphorylated ERK protein expression in cell lysates from two breast cancer cells pretreated with SB431542 and then stimulated with TGF-β for the indicated times.
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Clin Epigenetics
Histone deacetylase 3 deletion in alveolar type 2 epithelial cells prevents bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. [Abstract]2023 Nov 11;15(1):182. PMID: 37951958 -
Skelet Muscle
Acute conversion of patient-derived Duchenne muscular dystrophy iPSC into myotubes reveals constitutive and inducible over-activation of TGFβ-dependent pro-fibrotic signaling. [Abstract]2020 May 2;10(1):13. PMID: 32359374 -
Mol Neurobiol
Sirt1 Overexpression Inhibits Fibrous Scar Formation and Improves Functional Recovery After Cerebral Ischemic Injury Through the Deacetylation of 14-3-3ζ. [Abstract]2023 Aug;60(8):4795-4810. PMID: 37162725 -
Front Cell Dev Biol
Potential Mechanisms of the Impact of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Gene-Modified Tendon Stem Cells on Tendon Healing. [Abstract]2021 Jun 18;9:659389. PMID: 34222233 -
Front Cell Dev Biol
Diabetic Endothelial Cells Differentiated From Patient iPSCs Show Dysregulated Glycine Homeostasis and Senescence Associated Phenotypes. [Abstract]2021 May 31:9:667252. PMID: 34136485 -
FEBS J
Iloperidone treatment mitigates the Juvenile Huntington's Disease phenotype possibly via Sigma-1 Receptor Modulation. [Abstract]2026 Apr 27. PMID: 42037491 -
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis
METTL3 promotes human amniotic epithelial stem cells differentiation into insulin-producing cells by regulation of MaFA expression. [Abstract]2025 May 13:167904. PMID: 40374016 -
Stem Cell Rev Rep
Dual-specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation-regulated Kinase Inhibitor ID-8 Promotes Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming by Activating PDK4 Expression. [Abstract]2022 Aug;18(6):2074-2087. PMID: 35080746 -
FASEB J
8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase modulates the cell transformation process in pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting Smad2/3 and interacting with Smad7. [Abstract]2020 Oct;34(10):13461-13473. PMID: 32808374 -
J Cell Mol Med
Treatment of glaucoma by prostaglandin agonists and beta-blockers in combination directly reduces pro-fibrotic gene expression in trabecular meshwork. [Abstract]2020 May;24(9):5195-5204. PMID: 32267082 -
FEBS J
Dramatically changed immune-related molecules as early diagnostic biomarkers of non-small cell lung cancer. [Abstract]2020 Feb;287(4):783-799. PMID: 31482685 -
J Cell Mol Med
Astragaloside IV modulates TGF-β1-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. [Abstract]2018 Sep;22(9):4354-4365. PMID: 29971947
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Sep;22(9):4354-4365. [Abstract]
p-FOXO3a (Thr32), p-FOXO3a (Ser253), FOXO3a, p-Akt and Akt expression via western blot following treatment with PBS, ASV, TGF-b1, TGF-b1+ASV, TGF-b1+SB431542 or TGF-b1+LY294002.
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iScience
Variability vs. phenotype: Multimodal analysis of Dravet syndrome brain organoids powered by deep learning. [Abstract]2025 Oct 23;28(11):113831. PMID: 41323276 -
iScience
Modeling the precise interaction of glioblastoma with human brain region-specific organoids. [Abstract]2024 Feb 5;27(3):109111. PMID: 38390494 -
iScience
Generation of dorsoventral human spinal cord organoids via functionalizing composite scaffold for drug testing. [Abstract]2022 Dec 26;26(1):105898. PMID: 36647382 -
Tissue Eng Regen Med
Three-Dimensional Modeling of the Structural Microenvironment in Post-Traumatic War Wounds. [Abstract]2021 Dec;18(6):963-973. PMID: 34363599 -
Toxins
2021 Aug 22;13(8):585. PMID: 34437455 -
J Cell Physiol
Transforming growth factor-β signaling confers hepatic stellate cells progenitor features after partial hepatectomy. [Abstract]2020 Mar;235(3):2655-2667. PMID: 31584200 -
J Cell Physiol
2020 Apr;235(4):3558-3568. PMID: 31595493 -
Sci Rep
Key donor corneal factors governing successful expansion of human corneal endothelial cells. [Abstract]2026 May 11. PMID: 42115358 -
Sci Rep
Cannabidiol inhibits TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human conjunctival epithelial cells by interrupting TGF-β/Smad signaling. [Abstract]2025 Nov 21;15(1):41229. PMID: 41272047 -
J Biomed Mater Res A
GelMA Hydrogel Encapsulating iPSC-Derived Human Spinal Cord Organoids Enhances Neural Regeneration and Restores Motor Function in Rat Spinal Cord Injury. [Abstract]2025 Oct;113(10):e38001. PMID: 41051068 -
Biomedicines
2025 Aug 6;13(8):1919. PMID: 40868174 -
Sci Rep
Preclinical validation of TGFβ inhibitors as a novel therapeutic strategy for post-traumatic heterotopic ossification. [Abstract]2025 Apr 24;15(1):14277. PMID: 40274953 -
J Biol Chem
Upregulation of CYR61 by TGF-β and YAP signaling exerts a counter-suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2024 Apr;300(4):107208. PMID: 38521502 -
J Biol Chem
Rapid conversion of porcine pluripotent stem cells into macrophages with chemically defined conditions. [Abstract]2024 Jan;300(1):105556. PMID: 38097188 -
J Biol Chem
TGF-β1 suppresses the T-cell response in teleost fish by initiating Smad3- and Foxp3-mediated transcriptional networks. [Abstract]2023 Feb;299(2):102843. PMID: 36581209 -
Biomedicines
Peri-Prostatic Adipocyte-Released TGFβ Enhances Prostate Cancer Cell Motility by Upregulation of Connective Tissue Growth Factor. [Abstract]2021 Nov 15;9(11):1692. PMID: 34829922 -
J Biol Chem
Phosphoinositide-binding activity of Smad2 is essential for its function in TGF-β signaling. [Abstract]2021 Nov;297(5):101303. PMID: 34655614 -
Aging
CUEDC1 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the TβRI/Smad signaling pathway and suppresses tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer. [Abstract]2020 Oct 25;12(20):20047-20068. PMID: 33099540 -
Sci Rep
Platelets induce increased estrogen production through NF-κB and TGF-β1 signaling pathways in endometriotic stromal cells. [Abstract]2020 Jan 28;10(1):1281. PMID: 31992765 -
J Biol Chem
MicroRNA-455-3p mediates GATA3 tumor suppression in mammary epithelial cells by inhibiting TGF-β signaling. [Abstract]2019 Oct 25;294(43):15808-15825. PMID: 31492753 -
Sci Rep
Suppression of glioblastoma by a drug cocktail reprogramming tumor cells into neuronal like cells. [Abstract]2019 Mar 5;9(1):3462. PMID: 30837577 -
J Virol
Rabies virus utilizes neuropilin 2 as an endocytic receptor to trigger TGFBR1-mediated actin polymerization. [Abstract]2025 Jun 25:e0063825. PMID: 40558096 -
Neurochem Res
Inhibition of CK2 Diminishes Fibrotic Scar Formation and Improves Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke via Reducing BRD4 Phosphorylation. [Abstract]2024 May;49(5):1254-1267. PMID: 38381246 -
Neurochem Res
TGF-β3 Protects Neurons Against Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Through Activation of the Nrf-2/KEAP1/HO-1 Pathway via Binding to TGF-βRI. [Abstract]2023 Sep;48(9):2808-2825. PMID: 37140776 -
Cell Signal
CACNB2 overexpression suppresses atrial fibroblast activation and atrial fibrosis to mitigate atrial fibrillation. [Abstract]2026 Jul:143:112448. PMID: 41748049 -
Cell Signal
The role of FAK signaling in early placental development and trophoblast lineage specification in human pregnancy. [Abstract]2025 Jun 17:111946. PMID: 40553964 -
Cell Signal
2025 Sep:133:111872. PMID: 40389044 -
Int Dent J
Anti-Radiofibrosis Effect of Dicliptera chinensis Polysaccharide on Rat Dermal Fibroblasts Via The TGF-β1/Smads/CTGF Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Apr;75(2):1338-1347. PMID: 39394033 -
Brain Res Bull
Growth differentiation factor 11 improves neurobehavioral recovery and stimulates angiogenesis in rats subjected to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. [Abstract]2018 May:139:38-47. PMID: 29432795
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Brain Res Bull. 2018 May:139:38-47. [Abstract]
pSmad2/3 protein levels are down-regulated by the ALK5 inhibitor SB431542 (rGDF11 group vs. rGDF11+SB group, p=0.000).
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Mol Cell Biochem
Paeonol attenuates aging MRC-5 cells and inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of premalignant HaCaT cells induced by aging MRC-5 cell-conditioned medium. [Abstract]2018 Feb;439(1-2):117-129. PMID: 28801702
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Cell Biochem. 2018 Feb;439(1-2):117-129. [Abstract]
Protein expression levels of E-cadherin N-cadherin, p-ERK, ERK, TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 in each group are analyzed by western blotting.
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Am J Pathol
Growth Differentiation Factor 11 Promotes Corneal Endothelial Injury Repair by Activating the SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9-β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]2026 Mar 26:S0002-9440(26)00073-8. PMID: 41903789 -
Digestion
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase NEDD4L Regulates TGF-β1/Smad Signaling Pathway to Mediate High-glucose and High-fat-induced Ferroptosis of Hepatocytes. [Abstract]2025 Jul 31:1-20. PMID: 40743910 -
Stem Cells
Transcriptomic analysis of the m6A reader YTHDF2 in the maintenance and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. [Abstract]2025 Jun 24;43(7):sxaf032. PMID: 40418739 -
Mol Cell Endocrinol
Cyclooxygenase 2 overexpression suppresses Smad3 and augments ERK1/2 signaling activated by TGFβ1 in endometrial stromal cells: A novel insight into endometriosis pathogenesis. [Abstract]2025 Jan 24:112470. PMID: 39864487 -
Stem Cells
Neuroprotective effects of genome-edited human iPS cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells on traumatic brain injury. [Abstract]2023 Jun 15;41(6):603-616. PMID: 37029780 -
Mol Cell Endocrinol
ActivinA activates Notch1-Shh signaling to regulate proliferation in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. [Abstract]2021 Jan 1;519:111055. PMID: 33045308 -
Stem Cells
Glycoprotein M6B Interacts with TβRI to Activate TGF-β-Smad2/3 Signaling and Promote Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation. [Abstract]2019 Feb;37(2):190-201. PMID: 30372567
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Stem Cells. 2019 Feb;37(2):190-201. [Abstract]
Western blot images show Smad2/3 phosphorylation is lower than baseline in the sh-GPM6B cells and higher than baseline in the GPM6B-sgRNA cells. The phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in the sh-GPM6B TGF-β1 group is elevated by Alantolactone and the phosphorylation is reduced by treatment with SB431542.
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Stem Cells. 2019 Feb;37(2):190-201. [Abstract]
Western blot analyses show the repression of SMC specific markers in the sh-GPM6B TGF-β1 group are abolished by Alantolactone in the sh-GPM6B and the enrichment of SMC specific markers in the GPM6B-sgRNA cells is cancelled by treatment with SB431542.
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J Neuroimmune Pharmacol
GDF11 Mitigates Neuropathic Pain via Regulation of Microglial Polarization and Neuroinflammation through TGF-βR1/SMAD2/NF-κB Pathway in Male Mice. [Abstract]2025 Feb 12;20(1):20. PMID: 39939465 -
Exp Cell Res
Lactate induced mesenchymal stem cells activation promotes gastric cancer cells migration and proliferation. [Abstract]2023 Jan 24;424(1):113492. PMID: 36702194 -
Mol Med Rep
Mechanical force promotes the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts cultured on 3D PLGA scaffolds via TGF‑β expression. [Abstract]2019 Mar;19(3):2107-2114. PMID: 30664222
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Med Rep. 2019 Mar;19(3):2107-2114. [Abstract]
Effects of the TGF‑β1 inhibitor SB (20 μM) on mechanical force‑induced COL‑1 and MMP‑1 mRNA expression.
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Phytochemistry
Tetrahydrofuran- and dihydrofuran-containing nor-clerodane diterpenoids from Teucrium viscidum: Isolation, stereochemical assignment, and anti-hepatic fibrosis activity. [Abstract]2025 Nov 24:114723. PMID: 41297744 -
Eur J Med Res
M2 macrophage-derived exosomes reverse TGF-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transformation in BEAS-2B cells via the TGF-βRI/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2025 Apr 11;30(1):271. PMID: 40211426 -
Glycobiology
Galectin-12 modulates Kupffer cell polarization to alter the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. [Abstract]2023 Oct 6;33(8):673-682. PMID: 37504513 -
Mol Carcinog
Inhibition of Cathepsin D (CTSD) enhances radiosensitivity of glioblastoma cells by attenuating autophagy. [Abstract]2020 Jun;59(6):651-660. PMID: 32253787 -
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
SB431542, a Selective Inhibitor of the TGF-β Type I Receptor, Enhances Doxorubicin Antitumor Activity via p63 Activation in Mutant p53 Breast Cancer Cells. [Abstract]2025 Dec 18;30(12):45389. PMID: 41504053 -
Funct Integr Genomics
TGF-β1-Induced LINC01094 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma through the miR-122-5p/TGFBR2-SAMD2-SMAD3 Axis. [Abstract]2024 Jul 12;24(4):123. PMID: 38992207 -
FEBS Lett
Septin 9 PB domains coordinate centrosome positioning and microtubule acetylation to control epithelial polarity. [Abstract]2026 May 26. PMID: 42186334 -
Curr Issues Mol Biol
TNF-α Promotes the Recovery of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons from Cisplatin-Induced Injury Through an NGF-Independent Mechanism. [Abstract]2025 Jun 24;47(7):482. PMID: 40728951 -
Biol Reprod
Evaluation of optimal trophoblastic models to mimic uterine vessel remodeling in human pregnancy†. [Abstract]2025 May 13:ioaf108. PMID: 40358012 -
Arch Biochem Biophys
FFA intervention on LO2 cells mediates SNX-10 synthesis and regulates MMP9 secretion in LX2 cells via TGF-β1. [Abstract]2024 Dec 9:110255. PMID: 39662717 -
J Tradit Complement Med
Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to elucidate the crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma with spleen-deficiency syndrome. [Abstract]2023 Nov 22;14(3):321-334. PMID: 38707923 -
J Anim Sci
Ubiquitination plays an important role during the formation of chicken primordial germ cells. [Abstract]2024 Jan 3:102:skae251. PMID: 39187982 -
Genes (Basel)
Influence and Optimization of Diverse Culture Systems on Chicken Embryonic Stem Cell Culture. [Abstract]2024 Oct 30;15(11):1400. PMID: 39596599 -
Immunol Lett
Mechanism of M2 macrophages modulating astrocyte polarization through the TGF-β/PI3K/Akt pathway. [Abstract]2023 Jul:259:1-8. PMID: 37244460 -
Immunol Lett
A dual role of TGF-β in human osteoclast differentiation mediated by Smad1 versus Smad3 signaling. [Abstract]2019 Feb:206:33-40. PMID: 30543834
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Immunol Lett. 2019 Feb:206:33-40. [Abstract]
Monocytes were cultured with 20 ng/mL M-CSF with or without 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 2 days, with SB431542 (1 or 50 μM) or SIS3 (2.5 μM) having been added 30 min beforehand. Whole-cell lysates were subjected to SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted.
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Onco Targets Ther
Platelets enhance the ability of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells to promote cancer metastasis. [Abstract]2018 Nov 21:11:8251-8263. PMID: 30538494 -
Animals (Basel)
Glycolysis Combined with Core Pluripotency Factors to Promote the Formation of Chicken Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. [Abstract]2021 Feb 6;11(2):425. PMID: 33562170 -
Exp Eye Res
Expansion and maintenance of primary corneal epithelial stem/progenitor cells by inhibition of TGFβ receptor I-mediated signaling. [Abstract]2019 May:182:44-56. PMID: 30914160 -
Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Modeling of pigmentation disorders associated with MITF mutation in Waardenburg syndrome revealed an impaired melanogenesis pathway in iPS-derived melanocytes. [Abstract]2024 Jan;37(1):21-35. PMID: 37559350 -
Brain Res
Inhibition of BRD4 decreases fibrous scarring after ischemic stroke in rats by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Smad2/3. [Abstract]2022 Dec 15:1797:148126. PMID: 36244457 -
Cancer Manag Res
Normal Basal Epithelial Cells Stimulate the Migration and Invasion of Prostate Cancer Cell RM-1 by TGF-β1/STAT3 Axis in vitro. [Abstract]2021 May 7:13:3685-3697. PMID: 33994809 -
Dig Dis Sci
Troponin C-1 Activated by E2F1 Accelerates Gastric Cancer Progression via Regulating TGF-β/Smad Signaling. [Abstract]2022 Sep;67(9):4444-4457. PMID: 34797443 -
Am J Reprod Immunol
Baicalein inhibits FURIN-MT1-MMP-mediated invasion of ectopic endometrial stromal cells in endometriosis possibly by reducing the secretion of TGFB1. [Abstract]2021 Mar;85(3):e13344. PMID: 32910833 -
Acta Histochem
LRG1 modulates invasion and migration of glioma cell lines through TGF-β signaling pathway. [Abstract]2015 Jul;117(6):551-558. PMID: 26049667 -
Steroids
Testosterone-TGF-β crosstalk modulates cell migration in human glioblastoma-derived cell lines. [Abstract]2026 Jul-Aug:231-232:109798. PMID: 42119662 -
FEBS Open Bio
Establishment and optimization of the two-step induction system for generating primordial germ cell-like cells from chicken embryonic stem cells. [Abstract]2025 Sep 10. PMID: 40926636 -
Steroids
Activin a inhibits foam cell formation and up-regulates ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression through Alk4-Smad signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 macrophages. [Abstract]2021 Oct:174:108887. PMID: 34237315 -
Exp Ther Med
2021 Apr;21(4):402. PMID: 33717261 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Laminin γ2 accelerates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression by enhancing lipid accumulation and fibrogenesis in hepatocytes. [Abstract]2025 Jun 27:777:152266. PMID: 40592249 -
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol
Progranulin Promotes the Formation and Development of Capsules Caused by Silicone in Sprague-Dawley Rats. [Abstract]2022 Aug 6;15:1561-1573. PMID: 35967917 -
J Mol Histol
2021 Feb;52(1):77-86. PMID: 33206256 -
Oncol Lett
SB431542 inhibited cigarette smoke extract induced invasiveness of A549 cells via the TGF-β1/Smad2/MMP3 pathway. [Abstract]2018 Jun;15(6):9681-9686. PMID: 29963124
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncol Lett. 2018 Jun;15(6):9681-9686. [Abstract]
A549 cells are treated with 1.0% CSE with or without 10.0 mM SB431542 for 48 h, the levels of TGF β1, p Smad2, and MMP3 is assayed by western blot analysis.
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Oncol Lett
2018 Mar;15(3):2801-2806. PMID: 29435007
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncol Lett. 2018 Mar;15(3):2801-2806. [Abstract]
A549 cells are co cultured with 10.0 mM SB431542 for 48 h, the expression of TGF β1, Smad2 and caspase 3 are tested by western blot analysis and then analyzed.
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Oncol Lett
Involvement of the TGFβ1/Smad2/MMP3 signaling pathway in SB431542-induced inhibition of cell invasion in multiple myeloma RPMI 8226 cells. [Abstract]2017 Jul;14(1):541-546. PMID: 28693203
SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncol Lett. 2017 Jul;14(1):541-546. [Abstract]
To investigate the effect of SB431542 on the accumulation of TGFβ1 and MMP3 in MM cells, RPMI 8226 cells are treated with 10, 100 and 1,000 nmol/mL SB431542 for 48 h. Western blotting is performed. The results demonstrate that SB431542 significantly decreases the accumulation of TGFβ1 and MMP3 at 100 and 1,000 nmol/mL when compared with the control. Smad2, as a signaling molecule, can be initially activated by TGFβ1. Therefore, the effect of SB431542 on the expression of Smad2 and p-Smad2 in RPM
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Naturwissenschaften
Effects of neural stem cell-derived exosomes on MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease in mice. [Abstract]2025 Jul 23;112(4):53. PMID: 40699331 -
Am J Med Sci
TGF-β induces a decrease in CAPZA1 expression to promote the invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. [Abstract]2025 Aug 11:S0002-9629(25)01109-7. PMID: 40796418 -
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol
The development of nasal polyps involves early middle meatus mucous remodeling via TGF-β1 mediated PAI-1 reduction. [Abstract]2023 May-Jun;89(3):366-373. PMID: 36841712 -
Braz J Med Biol Res
Astragaloside IV alleviates lung inflammation in Klebsiella pneumonia rats by suppressing TGF-β1/Smad pathway. [Abstract]2023 Jul 21:56:e12203. PMID: 37493767 -
Brain Hemorrhages
2022 Dec;3(4):218. PMID: 36406202 -
STAR Protoc
2024 Nov 27;5(4):103466. PMID: 39607824 -
Acta Cir Bras
Emodin inhibits bladder inflammation and fibrosis in mice with interstitial cystitis by regulating JMJD3. [Abstract]2023 Dec 1:38:e385123. PMID: 38055393 -
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bioRxiv
Neuronal Cell-Cycle Re-entry Defines Divergent Outcomes Through Replication-Dependent DNA Damage in ALS. [Abstract]2026 Feb 16:2026.02.13.705790. PMID: 41756973 -
bioRxiv
Modeling cell-cell interactions to advance drug discovery in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. [Abstract]2026 Feb 2:2026.01.29.702646. PMID: 41676623 -
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bioRxiv
2025 Oct 3:2025.10.01.679897. PMID: 41256700 -
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Methods Mol Biol
2024:2824:409-424. PMID: 39039427 -
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Methods Mol Biol
Workflow for Performing Genetic Manipulation in Human Trophoblast Stem Cells Using CRISPR/Cas9 Technology. [Abstract]2024:2767:53-62. PMID: 36515893 -
Methods Mol Biol
2024:2767:43-52. PMID: 36515896 -
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J Pers Med
Reducing the Excess Activin Signaling Rescues Muscle Degeneration in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2 Drosophila Model. [Abstract]2022 Mar 2;12(3):385. PMID: 35330385 -
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SB-431542 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Chin J Immun. 2016 (5): 615-619.
10-1000 nM of SB431542 are co-cultured with RLE-6TN cells for 48 h. Expressions of p-Smad2 and Smad are detected by Western blot.
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (130.08 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Ethanol : 11.17 mg/mL (29.06 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.50 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.50 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (282 KB)
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SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Gareth J Inman, et al. SB-431542 is a potent and specific inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily type I activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) receptors ALK4, ALK5, and ALK7. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;62(1):65-74. [Content Brief]
[2]. Sunil K Halder, et al. A specific inhibitor of TGF-beta receptor kinase, SB-431542, as a potent antitumor agent for human cancers. Neoplasia. 2005 May;7(5):509-21. [Content Brief]
[3]. Yi-qin Xiao, et al. SB-431542 inhibition of scar formation after filtration surgery and its potential mechanism. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Apr;50(4):1698-706. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol / DMSO | 1 mM | 2.6015 mL | 13.0076 mL | 26.0152 mL | 65.0381 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5203 mL | 2.6015 mL | 5.2030 mL | 13.0076 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2602 mL | 1.3008 mL | 2.6015 mL | 6.5038 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1734 mL | 0.8672 mL | 1.7343 mL | 4.3359 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1301 mL | 0.6504 mL | 1.3008 mL | 3.2519 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1041 mL | 0.5203 mL | 1.0406 mL | 2.6015 mL | |
| DMSO | 30 mM | 0.0867 mL | 0.4336 mL | 0.8672 mL | 2.1679 mL |
| 40 mM | 0.0650 mL | 0.3252 mL | 0.6504 mL | 1.6260 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0520 mL | 0.2602 mL | 0.5203 mL | 1.3008 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0434 mL | 0.2168 mL | 0.4336 mL | 1.0840 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0325 mL | 0.1626 mL | 0.3252 mL | 0.8130 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0260 mL | 0.1301 mL | 0.2602 mL | 0.6504 mL |