Cationic Lipids & Ionizable Lipids
The molecular architecture of cationic lipids used as nucleic acid carriers is similar to that of natural lipids, with the major difference being their cationic head group, so cationic lipids have the ability to form aggregate complexes with anionic nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA. Advantages of cationic lipid-mediated transfection include high efficiency, ability to transfect a wide range of cell types, reproducibility, and simplicity.
Ionizable cationic lipids (including DOTMA, DODAP, DLin-KC2-DMA, and D-Lin-MC3-DMA) are pH sensitive and highly effective for in vivo transfection. These ionizable cationic lipids are positively charged at low pH (the ability to complex nucleic acids), but mostly uncharged at the pH of blood (pH 7.4) (slow elimination and good tolerability). The ionizable cationic lipids shape and acid-dissociation constant optimization dramatically improved lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) potency, thereby enabling clinical translation.
- Formula: C120H222N6O15
- Molecular Weight: 1989.08
FTT5 LLNs are functionalized lipid-like nanoparticles for in vivo mRNA delivery and base editing.
- Formula: C52H99BFN3O3
- Molecular Weight: 844.17
Diamino lipid DAL4 is diamino lipid for the preparation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulated with mRNAs encoding cytokines including IL-12, IL-27 and GM-CSF. Diamino lipid DAL4 delivers mRNA to tumor cells to exert anti-tumor activity.
- Formula: C58H120N2O6
- Molecular Weight: 941.58
C13-112-tetra-tail is a cationic lipid-like compound containing a polar amino alcohol head group, four hydrophobic carbon-13 tails, and a PEG2 linker. C13-112-tetra-tail can be formulated into a lipid nanoparticle (LNP).
- Formula: C45H94N2O5
- Molecular Weight: 743.24
C13-112-tri-tail is a cationic lipid-like compound containing a polar amino alcohol head group, three hydrophobic carbon-13 tails, and a PEG2 linker. C13-112-tri-tail can be formulated into a lipid nanoparticle (LNP).
- Formula: C49H87N3O2
- Molecular Weight: 750.23
A2-Iso5-4DC19 is a lipidoid compound. A2-Iso5-4DC19 is an effective carrier for the delivery of an agent such as a polynucleotide to a cell.
- Formula: C51H95NO6
- Molecular Weight: 818.30
L343 is an ionizable cationic lipidoid and can be used to synthetic liposomes for systemic delivery of RNAi therapeutics.
- Formula: C33H65NO4
- Molecular Weight: 539.87
14:0 DAP (1,2-dimyristoyl-3-dimethylammonium-propane ) is a cationic lipid that can be used for drug delivery.
- Formula: C44H87ClNO8P
- Molecular Weight: 824.59
16:0-18:1 EPC chloride is a cationic lipid, which can be used for liposomes applied in drug delivery.
- Formula: C44H93N3O3
- Molecular Weight: 712.23
C13-113-tri tail is a cationic lipid-like compound containing a polar amino alcohol head group, three hydrophobic carbon-13 tails, and a tertiary amine linker. C13-113-tri tail can be formulated into a lipid nanoparticle (LNP).
- Formula: C38H70N4O2
- Molecular Weight: 614.99
GL67 (N4-Spermine cholesteryl carbamate) is a cationic lipid that serves as a non-viral siRNA delivery vector and a non-viral gene transfer vector. GL67 enhances the encapsulation efficiency of siRNA in liposomal formulations and promotes the cellular uptake of siRNA across cancer cell membranes. GL67 mediates the transduction of plasmid DNA into cells. GL67 can be used in drug delivery-related research.
- Formula: C41H81NO4
- Molecular Weight: 652.09
18:0 DAP is a cationic or ionizable lipid with no unsaturated bonds in its hydrocarbon chain. The mRNA encapsulation efficiency of 18:0 DAP is 0%. 18:0 DAP cannot form functional lipid nanoparticles suitable for mRNA delivery.
- Formula: C57H119N3O4
- Molecular Weight: 910.57
C13-113-tetra tail is a cationic lipid-like compound containing a polar amino alcohol head group, four hydrophobic carbon-13 tails, and a tertiary amine linker. C13-113-tetra tail can be formulated into a lipid nanoparticle (LNP).
- Formula: C41H78ClNO4
- Molecular Weight: 684.52
DODAP (hydrochloride) is an ionizable lipid. DODAP (hydrochloride) has the potential for the research of gene delivery.
- Formula: C39H73F3NO11PS
- Molecular Weight: 852.03
14:1 EPC trifluoromethanesulfonate is ethyl-phosphatidylcholine (EPC) with monounsaturated 14:1 chains. 14:1 EPC trifluoromethanesulfonate shows transfection activity. 14:1 EPC trifluoromethanesulfonate can be used for drug delivery.
- Formula: C38H77NO8P+
- Molecular Weight: 706.99
EDMPC, a cationic lipid, has an enhanced ability to deliver DNA to pulmonary tissues. EDMPC mediates intralobar DNA delivery to rodents.
- Formula: C34H69ClNO8P
- Molecular Weight: 686.34
12:0 EPC chloride is a cationic phospholipid. 12:0 EPC chloride can be used for drug delivery.
- Formula: C43H67F6N5O9
- Molecular Weight: 912.01
Dios-Arg diTFA, a cationic lipid with an arginine-bearing headgroup, shows obvious double bond proton signals at around 5.2-5.3 ppm. Dios-Arg diTFA is used, coupled to DOPE, to bind siRNA and plasmid to for cationic LNPs for intracellular transport.
- Formula: C13H22O5
- Molecular Weight: 258.31
7-Oxotridecanedioic acid is a biodegradable cationic lipid intermediate compound for lipid nanoparticles formation. 7-Oxotridecanedioic acid can be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering active agents.
- Formula: C17H34ClNO4
- Molecular Weight: 351.91
Decanoyl-L-carnitine chloride is an ester derivative of L-carnitine, which is an important cofactor of fatty acid metabolism.
- Formula: C34H67NO4
- Molecular Weight: 553.90
E12CA1A3 is a lipid transfection reagent that boosts the delivery efficiency of mRNA.
