plCSA-BP

Pregnant CD1 mice (6-8 weeks old)^[1].

5 mg/kg (plCSA-BP-conjugated nanoparticle loaded with ICG)

i.v., once at E12.5 or E15.5.

Induced ICG signal getting to the uterus region 30 min after injection, reaching a peak at 3 h, and maintaining a strong signal upto 12 h in pregnant mice at E12.5.
Induced ICG signal getting to placentas instead of fetuses upto 48 h after injection in pregnant mice at E15.5.
Induced ICG to co-localize with the trophoblast, with little or no signal in endothelial cells in pregnant mice at E12.5.

Pregnant CD1 mice (6-8 weeks old)^[1].

1 mg/kg (plCSA-BP-conjugated nanoparticle loaded with MTX)

i.v., every second day from E6.5 to E14.5, and then collected placenta and other tissues.

Significantly reduced gestational sac length, crown rump length, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, placental diameter, and placental thickness.
Notably decreased fetal heart rate and umbilical artery blood flow velocities.
Had a strong cytotoxic effect on both placental and fetal development with decrease of < 10% fetal survival rates, and eliminated labyrinthine region at E14.5.
Inhibited information of embryonic cavities at E8.5 with placenta calcification, and markedly decreased average blood sinusoid areas at E10.5.
Induced pericardial edema and small placentas with high echogenicity and approximately 50% fetuses death at E12.5, and great efficacy of > 90% death at E14.5.
Significantly induced MTX levels accumulation in placentas upto 48 h after injection.
Significantly induced cells apoptosis, mainly belonging to placental labyrinthine trophoblast.
Had minimal liver and kidney toxicity with intact hepatic cords, reduction of inflammatory cells around the central vein, hepatocyte necrosis and activated Kupffer cells.