Spheroidization of ultrasonic degraded corn silk polysaccharide to enhance bioactivity by the anti-solvent precipitation method

  • J Sci Food Agric. 2022 Jan 15;102(1):53-61. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11329.
Yanan Jia  1 ,  Yangpeng Lu  1 ,  Yajie Wang  1 ,  Min Zhang  2  3 ,  Chengwei He  4 ,  Haixia Chen  1
Affiliations
  • 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
  • 2. Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
  • 3. State Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China.
  • 4. State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, P.R. China.
PMID: 34031881 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11329
Abstract

Background: Corn silk is a very important by-product of corn production with medicinal value. Corn silk polysaccharide (CSP) is the main active ingredient. In the present study, ultrasound and spheroidization by anti-solvent were applied to improve the biological activity of CSP.

Results: The results showed that ultrasonic degradation improved the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of CSP by changing its physicochemical characteristics. As the anti-solvent ratio increased, the particle size of the nanoparticles (NPs) from the spheroidization of ultrasonic-degraded corn silk polysaccharide (UCSP) gradually increased, and NP-1 exhibited the highest inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) results indicated that the enhanced activity might be due to more α-glucosidase binding sites with NP-1 compared with no spheroidization. Western blotting results showed that NP-1 could improve the 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake in the L6 cells by regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signal pathway and the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). NP-1 also exhibited excellent stability in different environments.

Conclusion: The study revealed that ultrasonic treatment and spheroidization processing showed potential applications for improving the biological activity of Polysaccharides. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Keywords
GLUT4; corn silk polysaccharide; spheroidization; ultrasonic degradation; α-glucosidase.
Products