Cat. No.: HY-W015913

Pyruvic acid sodium

(Synonyms: Sodium 2-oxopropanoate; Acetylformic acid sodium)

17 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 17 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate), a three-carbon metabolite of Glucose, is a compound produced in the glycolytic pathway. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate is a free radical scavenger that can scavenge ROS.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.86%
CAS No.: 113-24-6
Formula: C₃H₃NaO₃
Molecular Weight:110.04

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Pyruvic acid sodium Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 113-24-6

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (17)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Microbial Metabolite

Human Endogenous Metabolite

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

In Vitro

In the process of scavenging hydrogen peroxide, Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate) is decarboxylated to lactate and hence diverted away from aerobic metabolism and further ROS generation. Under conditions in which pyruvate stimulated JNK1 activity, both mitochondrial and cytosolic ROS levels rose. An increase in JNK1 activity in a variety of different cell types over a range of pyruvate concentrations are observed^[1].
Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate) is an effective scavenger of H₂O₂ as well as of O₂^·-, thereby protecting the lens against oxidative stress and consequent cataract formation, under in vitro as well as in vivo conditions, Sodium 2-oxopropanoate has also been shown to protect the lens proteins against glycation by competitively inhibiting the initial reaction between the sugar carbonyl and the protein -NH₂^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Neonatal rats are given a bolus of Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate; 0.1-10 g/kg), and 1 h later, levels of JNK1 activity were determined in liver extracts. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate) addition resulted in a significant increase in JNK1 activity. Analysis of serum levels of Sodium 2-oxopropanoate in neonatal rats revealed that baseline levels of pyruvate are 0.30 mM. At the time of sacrifice, following the largest dose of Sodium 2-oxopropanoate, serum levels rose approximately sixfold to 1.84 mM^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 113-24-6
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 110.04
Formula C₃H₃NaO₃
Color White to light yellow
SMILES

CC(C(O[Na])=O)=O
Synonyms

Sodium 2-oxopropanoate; Acetylformic acid sodium
Structure Classification
- Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (17)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayWBCell Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Cancer Commun (Lond)

Simvastatin overcomes the pPCK1-pLDHA-SPRINGlac axis-mediated ferroptosis and chemo-immunotherapy resistance in AKT-hyperactivated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. [Abstract]

2025 May 29. PMID: 40443016

Pyruvic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cancer Commun (Lond). 2025 May 29. [Abstract]

Measurements of lipid peroxidation and cell death in HuCCT‐1‐WT or PCK1S90A HuCCT‐1 after 36 h of indicated treatments (10 mmol/L glucose; 10 mmol/L Pyruvic acid sodium; 10 mmol/L Nala), followed by exposure to 10 µmol/L RSL3 for an additional 36 h.
Bioact Mater

cGAMP-targeting injectable hydrogel system promotes periodontal restoration by alleviating cGAS-STING pathway activation. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 13:48:55-70. PMID: 40303968
Cancer Res

The Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor Darlifarnib (KO-2806) Resensitizes Relapsing Tumors to RAS Inhibition. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 9. PMID: 41661652
ACS Nano

Enzyme-Dynamic Extracellular Vesicles for Metalloimmunotherapy of Malignant Pleural Effusions. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 20;18(33):21855-21872. PMID: 39109520
Redox Biol

Enteric coronavirus PDCoV evokes a non-Warburg effect by hijacking pyruvic acid as a metabolic hub. [Abstract]

2024 May:71:103112. PMID: 38461791
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Lactylated Apolipoprotein C-II Induces Immunotherapy Resistance by Promoting Extracellular Lipolysis. [Abstract]

2024 Oct;11(38):e2406333. PMID: 38981044
Cell Death Dis

Melatonin inhibits bladder tumorigenesis by suppressing PPARγ/ENO1-mediated glycolysis. [Abstract]

2023 Apr 6;14(4):246. PMID: 37024456
Acta Pharmacol Sin

Few-shot learning-driven discovery of Lutein suppresses Th1-mediated inflammation via glucose metabolism. [Abstract]

2026 May 18. PMID: 42144445
Cell Prolif

Intercellular mitochondrial transfer alleviates pyroptosis in dental pulp damage. [Abstract]

2023 Sep;56(9):e13442. PMID: 37086012
J Agric Food Chem

Zearalenone Regulates Energy Metabolism and Proliferation of Goat Endometrial Epithelial Cells through Estrogen Receptor 1. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 13;73(32):20385-20395. PMID: 40762316

Pyruvic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Aug 13;73(32):20385-20395. [Abstract]

EDU analysis to assess the proliferation ability of goat EECs under Pyruvic acid sodium (PA: 100 μg/mL) with or without OMA1 plasmid.

Pyruvic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Aug 13;73(32):20385-20395. [Abstract]

Effect of OMA1 overexpression on cell proliferation and mitochondrial structure and function in goat endometrial epithelial cells under Pyruvic acid sodium (100 μg/mL; 48 h) treatment. Western blot analysis of the expression levels of OPA1, MFN1, and MFN2.
J Hypertens

Asprosin contributes to vascular remodeling in hypertensive rats via superoxide signaling. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 1;42(8):1427-1439. PMID: 38690935
Int Immunopharmacol

Ergolide covalently binds NLRP3 and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. [Abstract]

2023 Jul:120:110292. PMID: 37182452
Toxicology

Statin induces epithelial cell death and tissue barrier damage in renal tubule on chip. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 13:519:154309. PMID: 41093097

Pyruvic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Toxicology. 2025 Oct 13:519:154309. [Abstract]

Renal tubular epithelial cells were treated with DMSO, 3 mM Pyruvic acid sodium, and 25 μM lovastatin (with or without 3 mM Pyruvic acid sodium) for 48 hours. ROS generation of the microarray epithelial cells was assessed by DCFH-DA staining.

Pyruvic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Toxicology. 2025 Oct 13:519:154309. [Abstract]

Renal tubular epithelial cells were treated with DMSO, 3 mM Pyruvic acid sodium, and 25 μM lovastatin (with or without 3 mM Pyruvic acid sodium) for 48 hours. Damage to renal tubular epithelial cells on the chip was measured using the LDH assay.
J Virol

PKM2 induces mitophagy through the AMPK-mTOR pathway promoting CSFV proliferation. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 19;98(3):e0175123. PMID: 38319105
Bone

Sympathetic overactivity-induced type H endothelial cell senescence contributes to the impairment of vascularized osteogenesis by PKM2-mediated glycolysis in preclinical stages of Alzheimer's mice. [Abstract]

2026 Jun:207:117859. PMID: 41833832
Cell Biochem Biophys

TREM2 Impairs Glycolysis to Interrupt Microglial M1 Polarization and Inflammation via JAK2/STAT3 Axis. [Abstract]

2025 Mar;83(1):879-891. PMID: 39240442
bioRxiv

2025 Aug 22.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (908.76 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

9.0876 mL

45.4380 mL

90.8760 mL

5 mM

1.8175 mL

9.0876 mL

18.1752 mL

10 mM

0.9088 mL

4.5438 mL

9.0876 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 50 mg/mL (454.38 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (275 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. S Nemoto, et al. Role for mitochondrial oxidants as regulators of cellular metabolism. Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;20(19):7311-8. [Content Brief]

[2]. W Zhao, et al. Fructose induced deactivation of antioxidant enzymes: preventive effect of pyruvate. Free Radic Res. 2000 Jul;33(1):23-30. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O	1 mM	9.0876 mL	45.4380 mL	90.8760 mL	227.1901 mL
	5 mM	1.8175 mL	9.0876 mL	18.1752 mL	45.4380 mL
	10 mM	0.9088 mL	4.5438 mL	9.0876 mL	22.7190 mL
	15 mM	0.6058 mL	3.0292 mL	6.0584 mL	15.1460 mL
	20 mM	0.4544 mL	2.2719 mL	4.5438 mL	11.3595 mL
	25 mM	0.3635 mL	1.8175 mL	3.6350 mL	9.0876 mL
	30 mM	0.3029 mL	1.5146 mL	3.0292 mL	7.5730 mL
	40 mM	0.2272 mL	1.1360 mL	2.2719 mL	5.6798 mL
	50 mM	0.1818 mL	0.9088 mL	1.8175 mL	4.5438 mL
	60 mM	0.1515 mL	0.7573 mL	1.5146 mL	3.7865 mL
	80 mM	0.1136 mL	0.5680 mL	1.1360 mL	2.8399 mL
	100 mM	0.0909 mL	0.4544 mL	0.9088 mL	2.2719 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Pyruvic acid sodium

17 Cited Publications

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Pyruvic acid sodium

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Pyruvic acid sodium

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (17)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Pyruvic acid sodium Related Classifications

HY-W015913 Related Classifications