Epigenetics

Epigenetic Memory and Mechanisms of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression

Epigenetic memory describes the persistence of altered gene-expression programs after an initiating metabolic, environmental, or injury stimulus has diminished, without requiring alteration of the underlying DNA sequence.

NLRP3 and NF-κB Epigenetic Control

Epigenetic control of NLRP3 and NF-κB describes regulation of these inflammatory pathways through DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs without requiring changes in DNA sequence.

The Development and Applications of Epigenetic Editing

Epigenetic editing is the locus-specific rewriting of regulatory information such as DNA methylation and histone modifications to control endogenous gene expression without changing the underlying DNA sequence.

Epigenetic Mechanisms of Downstream Gene Regulation by DNA Methylation

DNA methylation is a heritable but reversible epigenetic modification that regulates transcription, chromatin structure, embryonic development, genomic imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation, and chromosome stability.

Epitranscriptomic Regulation of Embryonic Development

Epitranscriptomic regulation of embryonic development comprises post-transcriptional chemical modifications of RNA that alter RNA metabolism and gene expression during gametogenesis, pluripotency, lineage specification, and early embryogenesis.

RNA Modification Regulates Reproductive Physiology and Disease Progression

RNA modifications, collectively termed the epitranscriptome, comprise more than 170 identified chemical modifications and influence RNA processing, structure, localization, stability, and translation efficiency; major reproductive modifications include N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), pseudouridine (Ψ), N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), and 7-methylguanosine (m7G).

m6A: Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Gynecological Diseases

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a prevalent internal RNA modification whose biological effects are dynamically and reversibly controlled by methyltransferase “writers,” including METTL3, METTL14, WTAP and KIAA1429, demethylase “erasers” such as FTO and ALKBH5, and m6A-binding “readers,” including YTH-domain proteins.

Regulation of Mood Disorder Risk by Early-Life Adversity via Neuro-Epigenome

Early-life adversity, including childhood physical, emotional, and sexual abuse and neglect, is associated with later psychopathology, particularly major depressive disorder, and neuro-epigenetic research examines how such experiences become biologically embedded through persistent regulation of gene expression.

The Central Regulatory Role and Mechanisms of Epigenetics in the Aging Process

Epigenetics refers to stable or reversible regulation of gene activity and chromatin state without changing the underlying DNA sequence, and aging is accompanied by coordinated alterations in DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNA regulation, and RNA modification.

Metabolic-Epigenetic Synergy Drives the Aging-Associated SASP Inflammatory Phenotype

Cellular senescence is a stable growth-arrest state in which metabolically active cells can develop a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), releasing inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and other bioactive factors that alter surrounding tissues.

Epigenetics and Cell Death in Cancer Therapy

Epigenetics regulates gene activity without changing DNA sequence through DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs, and RNA modifications.

m6A: A Central Node in Telomere Homeostasis and Senescence Evasion in Ovarian Cancer

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a reversible RNA modification installed, removed, and interpreted by writer, eraser, and reader proteins.

Epigenetic Metabolic Interactions Regulate T Cell Exhaustion

T cell exhaustion is a differentiated state that develops during persistent antigen exposure in chronic infection and cancer and is characterized by diminished effector function, sustained inhibitory-receptor expression, altered metabolism, and a distinct chromatin landscape.

Apparent clock and methylation biomarkers for brain health

'Apparent clock' is an epigenetic clock that estimates biological or apparent age from DNA methylation.

Chemical-assisted techniques and applications for appearance modification

'Epigenetic modification' refers to the use of chemical methods to assist in modifying observable cellular states or phenotypes by targeting epigenetic regulatory mechanisms.

Plant epigenetic regulation mechanisms and their application in crop improvement

Plant epigenetic regulation comprises heritable or reversible changes in gene activity mediated by DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and small RNAs without alteration of the underlying DNA sequence.

Epigenetic regulation mediates the three-dimensional genome and cellular memory

The three-dimensional genome describes the non-random folding of chromosomes inside the nucleus, whereas cellular memory denotes the persistence of a regulatory state after the initiating signal has disappeared or through cell division.

Epigenetic Regulatory Targets Overcome Tumor Treatment Resistance

Tumor treatment resistance is not exclusively a genetic endpoint; it can also arise from reversible chromatin states that let a small fraction of cancer cells survive otherwise lethal therapy.

Epigenetic Mechanisms of Metalloproteinases and Interventions for Metastasis

Metalloproteinases are zinc-dependent proteases that remodel extracellular matrix and process cell-surface receptors, growth factors, cytokines, and adhesion molecules.

Epigenome Editing: Mechanistic Exploration and Disease Applications

Epigenome editing uses programmable DNA-binding systems to deposit, remove, or recruit regulatory marks at selected genomic loci without changing the underlying nucleotide sequence.

Transcriptional condensates mediate the integration of temporal signals.

Transcriptional condensates are dynamic, high-concentration assemblies of transcription factors, coactivators, RNA polymerase II, chromatin, and RNA at active regulatory loci.

Long Non-coding RNAs and Cellular Senescence

Long noncoding RNAs are transcripts longer than about 200 nucleotides that generally lack conventional protein-coding capacity and regulate gene expression through RNA-DNA, RNA-RNA, and RNA-protein interactions.

Epigenetic Regulation of T Cell Function in Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which immune responses progressively destroy pancreatic beta cells, and epigenetic regulation provides a mechanistic layer between inherited susceptibility, environmental exposure, and T-cell phenotype.

Epigenetic Regulation and Metabolic Memory

Metabolic memory describes persistent pathological effects of prior metabolic exposure after the initiating condition improves.

Epigenetic Regulation and the Tumor Immune Microenvironment

The tumor immune microenvironment is a spatial ecosystem of malignant, immune, stromal, endothelial, and extracellular-matrix components.

Epigenetics of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NENs)

Neuroendocrine neoplasms comprise well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas arising in several organs.

Epigenetic Mechanisms and Lung Diseases

Lung epigenetics examines how inhaled exposures, development, infection, inflammation, aging, and genotype shape regulatory states in airway, alveolar, vascular, immune, and mesenchymal cells.

Epigenetics of Esophageal Cancer

Esophageal cancer includes squamous-cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, diseases with distinct epidemiology, precursor lesions, and molecular landscapes.

Epigenetics and Headache Therapy

Headache epigenetics is studied most extensively in migraine, a recurrent neurological disorder shaped by genetic susceptibility, hormonal state, environment, and neural excitability.

RNA-Directed DNA Methylation and Metabolism

RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is the major small-RNA-guided pathway that establishes cytosine methylation in plants.

Epigenetics of Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive diffuse glioma characterized by genetic alterations, epigenetic heterogeneity, and therapy-resistant cellular states.

Mechanisms of Coordinated DNA Methylation Regulation

Coordinated DNA methylation regulation creates cell-type-specific patterns by integrating de novo methylation, maintenance methylation, active and passive demethylation, chromatin context, transcription-factor occupancy, and replication timing.

Psychedelics and Epigenetic Regulation

Psychedelic compounds can produce lasting changes in perception, mood, and neural plasticity after brief exposure, prompting interest in durable transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms.

Redox Imbalance and Cancer Epigenetics

Redox imbalance and epigenetic dysregulation reinforce one another in cancer.

Epigenetics, Brain Plasticity, and Development

Brain development and plasticity require stable cell identity together with the capacity to alter gene expression after experience.

Epigenetics and Neurological Therapy

Neurological epigenetics studies how DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and regulatory RNAs govern neural development, mature circuit function, and disease.

Plant Stress Epigenetics

Plant stress epigenetics examines how drought, salinity, temperature, nutrient imbalance, ultraviolet exposure, pathogens, and other stresses alter chromatin and gene regulation.

Cancer Epigenetic Plasticity and CRISPR/dCas9 Editing

Cancer epigenetic plasticity is the capacity of malignant cells to adopt reversible transcriptional states that alter differentiation, invasion, immune recognition, and drug response.

Epigenetic Regulation and Wound Healing

Wound healing is a coordinated transition through hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and extracellular-matrix remodeling.

Deciphering the diverse chemical modifications of DNA and chromatin.

DNA and chromatin carry a layered set of covalent modifications that regulate genome use without altering most nucleotide sequences.

Epigenetic polypeptides associated with myocardial infarction

“Epigenetic polypeptides” is not a standardized myocardial-infarction category.

Epigenetic Clocks: The Aging Process of the Epigenome

Epigenetic clocks are statistical models that estimate chronological age, biological aging, or mortality-related risk from DNA methylation values at selected CpG sites.

Impact of Microbial Metabolites On Epigenetic Regulation

Microbial metabolites connect diet and community composition with host gene regulation.

Viewing Drug Addiction and Depression from Epigenetic Perspectives

Drug addiction and major depression involve persistent changes in behavior and neural-circuit function that can outlast the initiating exposure.

Cancer Epigenetics: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Strategies

Cancer epigenetics studies heritable or persistent changes in gene regulation that do not require alteration of the underlying DNA sequence.

Explaining the link between parental diet and offspring health based on epigenetics

Parental-diet epigenetics examines how nutrition before conception and during pregnancy associates with offspring development and later metabolic health through regulatory information beyond DNA sequence.

Epigenetics Drives Oocyte Aging: From Mechanisms to Interventions

Oocyte aging comprises age-associated decline during the female reproductive lifespan and postovulatory deterioration after ovulation.

Therapeutic Potential of Epigenetic Regulation in Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall in which endothelial cells, smooth-muscle cells, and immune cells adopt persistent transcriptional states.

Frontiers in Cancer Suppression: Targeting Super-Enhancer-Driven Oncogenic Transcription

Super-enhancers are extended clusters of enhancers with unusually dense occupancy by lineage-defining transcription factors, Mediator, BRD4, and active histone marks.

Mechanisms of nucleosome sliding and exchange associated with chromatin remodeling

Nucleosome sliding and exchange are ATP-dependent routes by which chromatin remodelers alter the physical accessibility of DNA without changing its sequence.