Infection

Pangelin is a coumarin that can be found in Ducrosia anethifolia. Pangelin exhibits anti-mycobacterial and anti-tumor activities.

Ftivazide has anti-tuberculosis activity.

Nitroxynil is a broad-spectrum veterinary anthelmintic and a substrate of ABCG2. Nitroxynil inhibits ATP production by uncoupling the oxidative phosphorylation process of mitochondria, thereby disrupting the parasite body covering, impairing its motility, and ultimately inducing parasite death. Nitroxynil induces chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges and abnormal sperm morphology, and interferes with spermatogenesis. Nitroxynil is widely applicable to studies on fascioliasis, myiasis, Haemonchus spp. infections, and Oestrus ovis infections.

(+)-Isopulegol is a terpenoid found in Mentha canadensis L. (+)-Isopulegol shows phagostimulatory activity towards adults of S. granarius and T. confusum. (+)-Isopulegol is a feeding attractant for adults of T. confusum and T. granarium larvae.

Bromodiphenhydramine hydrochloride is a potent antihistamine with antimicrobial property. Bromodiphenhydramine hydrochloride inhibits a large number of Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. Bromodiphenhydramine hydrochloride can be used for cutaneous allergies research.

Yangambin is a PAF receptor antagonist and UGT1A1/UGT1A3 inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 29.7 μM and a K_i of 17.1 μM against human UGT1A1, and an IC₅₀ of 56.5 μM and a K_i of 66.8 μM against human UGT1A3. Yangambin blocks PAF-mediated responses, inhibits LTB₄-mediated neutrophil infiltration, and suppresses inflammatory events and anaphylactic contraction. Yangambin acts as a central nervous system inhibitor to reduce spontaneous activity, and also exhibits analgesic, anticonvulsant, antileishmanial, vasodilatory and hypotensive effects. Yangambin blocks voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels, reduces the production of NO, TNF-α, IL-6 and PGE2 in cells, increases the production of IL-10, and exerts a protective effect against cardiovascular injury. Yangambin can be used in research related to allergies, cutaneous leishmaniasis, central nervous system diseases and cardiovascular diseases.

Flaviviruses-IN-3 (compound 87) is a potent flaviviruse inhibitor. Flaviviruses-IN-3 reduces the WNV (West Nile virus) protease activity, with a inhibition of 54%.

Methylprednisolone-d₇ is deuterium labeled Methylprednisolone. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Methylprednisolone improve severe or critical COVID-19 by activating ACE2 and reducing IL-6 levels.

Benzalphthalide (3-Benzylidenephthalide), a phthalate compound, is an insecticide.

Kakuol is a natural compound with antifungal activity.

β-Lactamase is the enzyme produced by bacteria. β-Lactamase mediates β-lactam resistance.

Antifungal agent 48 (Example 308) is an antifungal agent. Antifungal agent 48 is active against Cryptococcus neoformans with a MIC value of 11 μM.

SpdSyn binder-1 is a weak binder, which binds in the active site of plasmodium falciparum spermidine synthase. SpdSyn binder-1 can be used for the research of malaria.

S-Methyl thioacetate is a toxicant with fumigant activity, can be found in emissions from Bacillus oshimensis, Burkholderia gladioli, Burkholderia cepacia, and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans. S-Methyl thioacetate exerts fumigant toxicity against Caenorhabditis elegans and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. S-Methyl thioacetate functions as a bacterial volatile organic compound. S-Methyl thioacetate can be used for the research of plant-parasitic nematode infection.

Polyphyllin C (compound 2) is a spirostanol saponin. Polyphyllin C exhibits mild (IC₅₀=36.87 µM) activities against the tyrosinase and moderate (IC₅₀=1.59 µg/mL) antileishmanial activities.

GAK inhibitor 49 hydrochloride is a potent, ATP-competitive and highly selective cyclin G associated kinase (GAK) inhibitor with a K_i of 0.54 nM and a cell IC₅₀ of 56 nM. GAK inhibitor 49 hydrochloride also shows binding to RIPK2.

ASN 07115873 is an anti-ZIKV compound (IC₅₀: 189.2 pM), and can be used for antiviral research.

Parasin I is a 19-amino acid histone H2A-derived peptide isolated from the skin of the catfish, and shows antimicrobial activity.

Antimalarial agent 33 (compound 5g) has antiplasmodial activity against erythrocytic and hepatic stages of Plasmodium with an EC₅₀ of 1.1 μM for K1 P. falciparum strain. Antimalarial agent 33 demonstrats enhanced microsomal stability (T_1/2=29 min). Antimalarial agent 33 has no significant cytotoxicity against primary hepatocytes.

Cefodizime is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Cefodizime has no renal toxic effect, good tolerance and immune regulation activity, and has the potential for severe infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts.