GGW
GGW is a tripeptide with neuroprotective activity. GGW blocks the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway, reverses glutamate-induced upregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. GGW reduces ROS production, reverses the depletion of SOD and Glutathione Peroxidase, decreases intracellular calcium concentration, and reverses the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential. GGW can be used in studies related to memory impairment induced by sleep deprivation.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 20762-32-7
- Formula: C15H18N4O4
- Molecular Weight:318.33
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
|
Bax |
Bcl-2 |
GGW (0.10 mM; 24 h) protects PC12 cells from glutamate-induced cytotoxicity and restores cell viability to 78.29% of that in the control group[1].
GGW (0.10 mM) exhibits free radical scavenging activity in cell-free ABTS assays[1].
GGW (0.10 mM; 24 h) reverses the glutamate-induced decreases in SOD and GSH-px activities and increase in MDA content in PC12 cells; it reduces ROS accumulation, inhibits LDH leakage, and alleviates cell damage; it suppresses Ca2+ influx and reduces intracellular calcium concentration to 250.65 mmol/L; it reverses mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and restores MMP to 90.17% of the control group level[1].
GGW (0.10 mM; 24 h) regulates the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 in glutamate-treated PC12 cells, reducing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio to 107.04% of that in the control group[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells (glutamate-induced cytotoxicity)
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Concentration:0.10 mM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Restored PC12 cell viability to 78.29% of the control value.
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Cell Line:glutamate-injured PC12 cells
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Concentration:0.10 mM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Down-regulated Bax expression.
Up-regulated Bcl-2 expression.
Reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio to 107.04% of the control value.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 20762-32-7
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Molecular Weight 318.33
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Formula C15H18N4O4
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SMILES
NCC(NCC(N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12)=O)=O
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Purity & Documentation
References
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
GGW Related Classifications
HY-187115 Related Classifications
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