PLK

Polo-like kinases are distinguished by one or two C-terminal polo-box domains that dock onto pre-phosphorylated motifs, targeting catalytic activity to centrosomes, kinetochores and the midbody. Four human members exist. PLK1 is the mitotic workhorse, promoting centrosome maturation, nuclear envelope breakdown, spindle assembly, APC/C activation and cytokinesis. PLK2 and PLK3 act earlier and in checkpoint responses, with PLK2 also contributing to centriole duplication. PLK4 is the master regulator of centriole biogenesis and phosphorylates STIL, so its overexpression produces supernumerary centrosomes. PLK1 is overexpressed in many tumors, and inhibitors such as volasertib, onvansertib and the PLK4-selective centrinone have been developed.