Methylene Blue
Based on 30 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene Blue is a photosensitizer and redox agent. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation.
Para uso exclusivo en investigación. No vendemos a pacientes.
- Pureza: 95.05%
- No. CAS: 61-73-4
- Fòrmula: C16H18ClN3S
- Peso molecular:319.85
-
Almacenamiento:
RT, sealed storage, away from moisture and light.
In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
-
Actividad biológica
-
Chemical Information
-
Solvente y solubilidad
- Pureza y Documentación
- Referencias
-
Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Methylene Blue
More- Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 27;15(1):10303. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2026 Jun 30;20(25):18058-18072. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2020 Sep;36:101601. [Abstract]
- Gut Microbes. 2025 Dec 31;17(1):2599543. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Jul 4;23(1):485. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2021 Oct 17;11(20):9884-9903. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2023 Feb:293:121988. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2025 Nov 24;526:171230.
- Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 20:148:157423. [Abstract]
- Nano Res. 2026 Feb 6.
- Phytother Res. 2023 Apr;37(4):1405-1421. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Nov 25;44(11):116520. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2024 Feb 13;43(2):113779. [Abstract]
- Nanophotonics. 2025 Nov 25;14(27):4993-5001. [Abstract]
- J Environ Sci. 2025 Dec 25.
- Cell Signal. 2025 Sep 18:136:112145. [Abstract]
- Bioengineering (Basel). 2025 Oct 27;12(11):1164. [Abstract]
- BMC Cancer. 2024 Dec 3;24(1):1489. [Abstract]
- Chemistry. 2026 May;8(5):65.
- Biomed Res Int. 2021 May 14:2021:5565748. [Abstract]
- Exp Ther Med. 2019 Nov;18(5):4049-4057. [Abstract]
- World J Gastrointest Surg. 2023 Jun 27;15(6):1068-1079. [Abstract]
- Hematology. 2022 Dec;27(1):43-52. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2025 Nov 12.
- Patent. US20240325538A1.
- Patent. US20240238271A1.
- Patent. US20230226111A1.
- Research Square Print. 2023 Feb 21.
- Curr Res Virol Sci. 2022;3:100019. [Abstract]
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 10;2020:3524641. [Abstract]
Customer Validation & Images
-
Gel Electrophoresis
-
Gel Electrophoresis
-
Gel Electrophoresis
-
Cell Migration/Invasion Assay
-
WB
Actividad biológica
Guanylyl cyclase (sGC)[1].
Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A)[1].
NO synthase (NOS)[1]
|
Cell Line
|
Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B16-F10 | IC50 |
5.48 μM
Compound: MB
|
Antiproliferative activity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as cell viability in light irradiation and measured for 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as cell viability in light irradiation and measured for 48 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 34871840] |
| B16-F10 | IC50 |
7.02 μM
Compound: MB
|
Antiproliferative activity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as cell viability in dark incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as cell viability in dark incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 34871840] |
| Fibroblast | EC50 |
43 nM
Compound: MB
|
Inhibition of erastin-induced cell death in FRDA patient-derived fibroblast assessed as depletion of cellular ATP incubated for 12 hrs followed by erastin stimulation and measured after by luciferase-linked ATPase enzymatic assay
Inhibition of erastin-induced cell death in FRDA patient-derived fibroblast assessed as depletion of cellular ATP incubated for 12 hrs followed by erastin stimulation and measured after by luciferase-linked ATPase enzymatic assay
|
[PMID: 33214825] |
| FM3A | EC50 |
1.1 x 10-6M
Compound: Methylene blue
|
Cytotoxicity against mouse mammary tumor FM3A cells representing a model of host
Cytotoxicity against mouse mammary tumor FM3A cells representing a model of host
|
[PMID: 11855978] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
<1 μM
Compound: Methylene blue
|
Antimalarial activity against sporozoite stage of Plasmodium yoelii assessed as invasion of human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 incubated for 2 hrs prior to inoculation measured after 1 hr by immunofluorescence assay in presence of penicillin/streptomycin
Antimalarial activity against sporozoite stage of Plasmodium yoelii assessed as invasion of human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 incubated for 2 hrs prior to inoculation measured after 1 hr by immunofluorescence assay in presence of penicillin/streptomycin
|
[PMID: 23927658] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: MB
|
Anticancer activity against human HepG2 cells
Anticancer activity against human HepG2 cells
|
[PMID: 33460833] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
>10 μM
Compound: MB
|
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs in dark by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs in dark by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 32267685] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
9.2 μM
Compound: MB
|
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability preincubated for 1 hr followed by light irradiation at 3.2 J/cm2 for 30 sec and measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability preincubated for 1 hr followed by light irradiation at 3.2 J/cm2 for 30 sec and measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 32267685] |
| Lymphocyte | EC50 |
88 nM
Compound: MB
|
Anti-ferroptotic activity in FRDA patient-derived Lymphocyte assessed as reduction in RSL3-induced lipid peroxidation incubated for overnight followed by RSL3 stimulation and measured after 90 mins by FACS analysis
Anti-ferroptotic activity in FRDA patient-derived Lymphocyte assessed as reduction in RSL3-induced lipid peroxidation incubated for overnight followed by RSL3 stimulation and measured after 90 mins by FACS analysis
|
[PMID: 33214825] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
10.58 μM
Compound: MB
|
Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability in light irradiation and measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability in light irradiation and measured after 48 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 34871840] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
14.64 μM
Compound: MB
|
Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability in dark incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell viability in dark incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 34871840] |
Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) (4.5 μM; BV2 microglia) alters the immune profile of LPS-activated BV2 microglia and decreases the level of CD14, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL2 mRNA[3].
1. Sample treatment:
1.1 For paraffin sections: dewax and rehydrate as usual.
1.2 For frozen sections: distilled water for 2 min.
1.3 For cultured cells: Fix with 4% paraformaldehyde. Wash with distilled water for 2 min. Replace with fresh distilled water and wash for another 2 min.
2. Methylene blue staining
2.1 Stain with 0.1% Methylene blue for 2 min.
2.2 Wash thoroughly with distilled water, observe and take photos.
2.3 Staining results:
Tissue or cells: blue
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) (20 and 40 mg/kg; p.o.; daily, for 6 months; CaMKIIα-tTA transactivator mice) preserves cognition in mice expressing full-length pro-aggregant human Tau[2].
Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) (2 mg/kg; i.v.; once, for 1 d; TBI-treated male BALB/c mice) reduces TBI-induced edema and neuroinflammation and reduces acute depression-like behavior[3].
Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) (2 mg/kg; i.v.; once, for 1 d; TBI-treated male BALB/c mice) reduces the percentage of inflammatory factor[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Animal Model:Male NMRI mice[1]
-
Dosage:50 and 100 mg/kg
-
Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; once, for 25 minutes
-
Result:Reduced the prepulse inhibition and reduced the increase in locomotor activity caused by phencyclidine (PCP).
-
Animal Model:CaMKIIα-tTA transactivator mice[2]
-
Dosage:20 and 40 mg/kg
-
Administration:Oral administration; daily, for 6 months
-
Result:Inhibited Tau aggregation in CaMKIIα-tTA transactivator mice.
-
Animal Model:TBI-treated male BALB/c mice[3]
-
Dosage:2 mg/kg
-
Administration:Intravenous injection; once, for 1 day
-
Result:Decreased the level of CD14, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL2 mRNA.
-
Animal Model:TBI-treated male BALB/c mice[3]
-
Dosage:2 mg/kg
-
Administration:Intravenous injection; once, for 1 day
-
Result:Reduced the percentage of myeloid (CD11b+/GR1+) cells, reduced IL-1β and enhanced IL-10 expression in microglia.
Chemical Information
-
No. CAS 61-73-4
-
Appearance Solid
-
Peso molecular 319.85
-
Fòrmula C16H18ClN3S
-
Color Brown to reddish brown
-
SMILES
CN(C)C1=CC=C2C(SC(C(C=C/3)=N2)=CC3=[N+](C)/C)=C1.[Cl-]
-
Synonyms
Basic Blue 9; CI-52015; Methylthioninium chloride
-
Envío
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
-
Almacenamiento
RT, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
In solvent -80°C 1 year -20°C 6 months
Publications (30)
-
Journal Impact Factor
-
Most Recent
-
Nat Commun
DEAD-box RNA helicase 10 is required for 18S rRNA maturation by controlling the release of U3 snoRNA from pre-rRNA in embryonic stem cells. [Abstract]2024 Nov 27;15(1):10303. PMID: 39604362
Methylene Blue purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 27;15(1):10303. [Abstract]
Northern blot analysis of pre-rRNA intermediates using 5'ETS-1, 5'ETS-2, 5'ETS and ITS1-29 probes in DDX10-AID mESCs with IAA treatment (0 h, 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h) or treated with IAA for 48 h followed by 48 h of washing. MB represents methylene blue staining. Experiments were repeated three times independently with similar results. Membranes were stained with Methylene Blue stain solution (0.03% Methylene Blue in 0.3 M sodium acetate (pH 5.0-5.5)), and then RNA was crosslinked onto the membrane using UV light.
Methylene Blue purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 27;15(1):10303. [Abstract]
Northern blot analysis of pre-rRNA intermediate levels in DDX10-AID (+ OsTir1) mESCs overexpressing DDX10FL, DDX10ΔHBD, DDX10ΔHCD or DDX10ΔHD at 0 h and 48 h after IAA treatment. MB represents Methylene Blue staining. Experiments were repeated three times independently with similar results. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Membranes were stained with Methylene Blue stain solution (0.03% Methylene Blue in 0.3 M sodium acetate (pH 5.0-5.5)), and then RNA was crosslinked onto the membrane using UV light.
Methylene Blue purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 27;15(1):10303. [Abstract]
Northern blot analysis of pre-rRNA intermediates in DDX10-AID (+ OsTir1) mESCs overexpressing NUP98-DDX10 or DDX10, treated with IAA at different time points (0 h, 24 h, and 48 h). MB represents Methylene Blue staining. Experiments were repeated two times independently with similar results. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Membranes were stained with Methylene Blue stain solution (0.03% Methylene Blue in 0.3 M sodium acetate (pH 5.0-5.5)), and then RNA was crosslinked onto the membrane using UV light.
-
ACS Nano
Keratinocyte-Derived Apoptotic Nanovehicles Reprogram Cutaneous Dendritic Cells to Ameliorate Psoriasis. [Abstract]2026 Jun 30;20(25):18058-18072. PMID: 42301004 -
Redox Biol
An effective inactivant based on singlet oxygen-mediated lipid oxidation implicates a new paradigm for broad-spectrum antivirals. [Abstract]2020 Sep;36:101601. PMID: 32535542 -
Gut Microbes
Helicobacter pylori infection aggravates hepatic steatosis by lactylation-driven WTAP-mediated m6A modification. [Abstract]2025 Dec 31;17(1):2599543. PMID: 41384837 -
J Nanobiotechnology
SIRT5-modified human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells loaded with antioxidant polydopamine nanozyme enhance parpi resistance in ovarian cancer via fatty acid metabolism reprogramming. [Abstract]2025 Jul 4;23(1):485. PMID: 40616128 -
Theranostics
Establishment of tumor inflammasome clusters with distinct immunogenomic landscape aids immunotherapy. [Abstract]2021 Oct 17;11(20):9884-9903. PMID: 34815793
Methylene Blue purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2021 Oct 17;11(20):9884-9903. [Abstract]
Migration analysis of THP-1, co-cultured with cancer cells that were pre-treated with Methylene Blue.
Methylene Blue purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2021 Oct 17;11(20):9884-9903. [Abstract]
Western blotting analysis of PD-L1 expression in THP-1 which was co-cultured with cancer cells pre-treated with Methylene Blue.
-
Biomaterials
Manganese-enriched photonic/catalytic nanomedicine augments synergistic anti-TNBC photothermal/nanocatalytic/immuno-therapy via activating cGAS-STING pathway. [Abstract]2023 Feb:293:121988. PMID: 36580716 -
-
Phytomedicine
Arnicolide C induces ROS-mediated modulation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways to suppress MYC in hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Oct 20:148:157423. PMID: 41138574 -
-
Phytother Res
Carnosol inhibits KGN cells oxidative stress and apoptosis and attenuates polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes in mice through Keap1-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 activation. [Abstract]2023 Apr;37(4):1405-1421. PMID: 36786429 -
Cell Rep
WDFY2 promotes MRN complex formation required for homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. [Abstract]2025 Nov 25;44(11):116520. PMID: 41196680 -
Cell Rep
The ARID1A-METTL3-m6A axis ensures effective RNase H1-mediated resolution of R-loops and genome stability. [Abstract]2024 Feb 13;43(2):113779. PMID: 38358891 -
Nanophotonics
2025 Nov 25;14(27):4993-5001. PMID: 41426083 -
-
Cell Signal
YTHDF2 drives oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via m6A-dependent degradation of MTUS1/ATIP1 mRNA and mitochondrial dysregulation. [Abstract]2025 Sep 18:136:112145. PMID: 40975502 -
Bioengineering (Basel)
2025 Oct 27;12(11):1164. PMID: 41301120 -
BMC Cancer
FTO-mediated demethylation of MTUS1/ATIP1 promotes tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]2024 Dec 3;24(1):1489. PMID: 39627705 -
-
Biomed Res Int
Gentiopicroside Produces Endothelium-Independent Vasodilation by Deactivating the PI3K/Akt/Rho-Kinase Pathway in Isolated Rat Thoracic Aorta. [Abstract]2021 May 14:2021:5565748. PMID: 34095301 -
Exp Ther Med
MicroRNA-139-5p regulates chronic inflammation by suppressing nuclear factor-κB activity to inhibit cell proliferation and invasion in colorectal cancer. [Abstract]2019 Nov;18(5):4049-4057. PMID: 31616518 -
World J Gastrointest Surg
Impact of interstitial cells of Cajal on slow wave and gallbladder contractility in a guinea pig model of acute cholecystitis. [Abstract]2023 Jun 27;15(6):1068-1079. PMID: 37405098 -
Hematology
Downregulation of Smad4 expression confers chemoresistance against imatinib mesylate to chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. [Abstract]2022 Dec;27(1):43-52. PMID: 34957936 -
-
-
-
-
-
Curr Res Virol Sci
Identification of broad anti-coronavirus chemical agents for repurposing against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern. [Abstract]2022;3:100019. PMID: 35072124 -
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
Acupuncture at Gastric Back-Shu and Front-Mu Acupoints Enhances Gastric Motility via the Inhibition of the Glutamatergic System in the Hippocampus. [Abstract]2020 Mar 10;2020:3524641. PMID: 32215036
Solvente y solubilidad
H2O : 50 mg/mL (156.32 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Pureza y Documentación
-
Ficha de datos (279 KB)
-
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
-
Instrucciones de manejo (2659 KB)
Referencias
[1]. Klamer D, et, al. Phencyclidine-induced behaviour in mice prevented by methylene blue. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004 Feb;94(2):65-72. [Content Brief]
[2]. Hochgräfe K, et, al. Preventive methylene blue treatment preserves cognition in mice expressing full-length pro-aggregant human Tau. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2015 May 10;3:25. [Content Brief]
[3]. Fenn AM, et, al. Methylene blue attenuates traumatic brain injury-associated neuroinflammation and acute depressive-like behavior in mice. J Neurotrauma. 2015 Jan 15;32(2):127-38. [Content Brief]
[4]. Kalaitzakis D, et al. Methylene Blue as a Photosensitizer and Redox Agent: Synthesis of 5-Hydroxy-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones from Furans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2015 May 18;54(21):6283-7. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 3.1265 mL | 15.6323 mL | 31.2647 mL | 78.1616 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6253 mL | 3.1265 mL | 6.2529 mL | 15.6323 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3126 mL | 1.5632 mL | 3.1265 mL | 7.8162 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2084 mL | 1.0422 mL | 2.0843 mL | 5.2108 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1563 mL | 0.7816 mL | 1.5632 mL | 3.9081 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1251 mL | 0.6253 mL | 1.2506 mL | 3.1265 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1042 mL | 0.5211 mL | 1.0422 mL | 2.6054 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0782 mL | 0.3908 mL | 0.7816 mL | 1.9540 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0625 mL | 0.3126 mL | 0.6253 mL | 1.5632 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0521 mL | 0.2605 mL | 0.5211 mL | 1.3027 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0391 mL | 0.1954 mL | 0.3908 mL | 0.9770 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0313 mL | 0.1563 mL | 0.3126 mL | 0.7816 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Methylene Blue Related Classifications
HY-14536 Related Classifications
Powered by Bioz
- Methylene Blue
- 61-73-4
- Basic Blue 9
- CI-52015
- Methylthioninium
- Basic Blue9
- Basic Blue-9
- CI52015
- CI 52015
- CI-52015
- Environmental Pollutants
- Microtubule/Tubulin
- Guanylate Cyclase
- Monoamine Oxidase
- NO Synthase
- vasopressor
- dye
- antinociception
- antimalarial
- antidepressant
- anxiolytic
- methemoglobinemias
- cGMP
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit