A2M - alpha-2-macroglobulin Gene

Also Known as A2MD; CPAMD5; FWP007; S863-7

Species: Homo sapiens

Gene Type: protein coding

Gene ID: 2

About A2M

Cytogenetic location: 12p13.31 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 12:9,067,708-9,116,229 (from NCBI)

This gene has 13 transcripts (splice variants), 228 orthologues and 8 paralogues. Broad expression in lung (RPKM 732.0), urinary bladder (RPKM 374.7) and 21 other tissues.

Summary

The protein encoded by this gene is a protease inhibitor and cytokine transporter. It uses a bait-and-trap mechanism to inhibit a broad spectrum of proteases, including trypsin, Thrombin and collagenase. It can also inhibit inflammatory cytokines, and it thus disrupts inflammatory cascades. Mutations in this gene are a cause of alpha-2-macroglobulin deficiency. This gene is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its ability to mediate the clearance and degradation of A-beta, the major component of beta-amyloid deposits. A related pseudogene, which is also located on the p arm of chromosome 12, has been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2016]

A2M Products (4)

mRNA	Protein	Name
NM_000014.6	NP_000005.3	alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform a precursor
NM_001347423.2	NP_001334352.2	alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform a precursor
NM_001347424.2	NP_001334353.2	alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform b
NM_001347425.2	NP_001334354.2	alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform c

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Biological Process

Molecular Function GO Annotation	Evidence	References	Source
enables calcium-dependent protein binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	15226301	GOA
enables endopeptidase inhibitor activity	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	7679575	GOA
enables enzyme binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	11435418	GOA
enables growth factor binding	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	9398211	GOA
enables interleukin-1 binding	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	9714181	GOA
enables interleukin-8 binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	10880251	GOA
enables protease binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	7679575	GOA
enables protein binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	6698368	GOA
enables serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	12538697	GOA
enables signaling receptor binding	IMP IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype	15226301	GOA
enables tumor necrosis factor binding	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	9714181	GOA

Biological Process GO Annotation	Evidence	References	Source
involved in negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	12538697	GOA

EXP: Inferred from Experiment IDA: Inferred from direct assay IPI: Inferred from physical interaction IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype IGI: Inferred from genetic interaction IEP: Inferred from expression pattern

A2M Protein Structure

A2M_N

A2M_N_2

A2M

Thiol-ester_cl

A2M_comp

A2M_recep

0
300
600
900
1200
1474 a.a.

Protein Preferred Names	Protein Names
alpha-2-macroglobulin	C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 5

A2M Protein-protein interaction Information

Type	Protein Name	Protein ID	Interactor	Interactor Species	Interactor ID	Detection Method	References
Intra	A2M	P01023	KAT5	Homo sapiens	Q92993-2	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	KAT5	Homo sapiens	Q92993-2	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	KAT5	Homo sapiens	Q92993-2	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	VPS33A	Homo sapiens	Q96AX1	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	VPS33A	Homo sapiens	Q96AX1	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	VPS33A	Homo sapiens	Q96AX1	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	SMN1	Homo sapiens	Q16637-3	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	SMN1	Homo sapiens	Q16637-3	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	SMN1	Homo sapiens	Q16637-3	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	CTNNB1	Homo sapiens	P35222	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	CTNNB1	Homo sapiens	P35222	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	CTNNB1	Homo sapiens	P35222	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	TXN	Homo sapiens	P10599	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	TXN	Homo sapiens	P10599	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	TXN	Homo sapiens	P10599	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	PIAS1	Homo sapiens	O75925	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	PIAS1	Homo sapiens	O75925	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	PIAS1	Homo sapiens	O75925	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Cross	A2M	P01023	Ppif	Mus musculus	Q99KR7	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Cross	A2M	P01023	Ppif	Mus musculus	Q99KR7	Validated Y2H	32814053
Cross	A2M	P01023	Ppif	Mus musculus	Q99KR7	Y2H Array	32814053

Cross: Cross-species interaction Intra: Intraspecies interaction

Recombinant A2M Proteins

Cat. No.	Product Name	Accession	Purity
HY-P72823	Alpha-2-macroglobulin Protein, Human (sf9, His)	NP_000005.2 (S24-A1474)	≥ 85%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

A2M Antibodies

Cat. No.	Product Name	Application	Reactivity
HY-P83560	Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Antibody (YA3305)	WB, IHC-P	Human

Related Diseases

Diseases	Alias
Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Deficiency	A2MD
Mastitis	Breast Inflammation Inflammatory Breast Disease Inflammatory Disease Of Breast Inflammation Of Non-Human Mammary Gland Inflammatory Disorder Of Breast Mastitis Nos Acute Mastitis Nos Acute Nonpuerperal Mastitis Nonpuerperal Mastitis Nos Subacute Mastitis Nos
Subendocardial Myocardial Infarction
Nephrotic Syndrome	Finnish Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome Ns - [Nephrotic Syndrome] Nephrosis Syndrome Nephrosis Nos Glomerular Lesion Nephrosis
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Cst3-Related	Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage With Amyloidosis Hchwa Hereditary Cystatin C Amyloid Angiopathy Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial Amyloidosis, Cerebroarterial, Icelandic Type Amyloidosis Vi Cerebral Hemorrhage, Hereditary, With Amyloidosis Cst3-Related Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Cerebral Hemorrhage, Hereditary, With Amyloidosis, Icelandic Variant Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage With Amyloidosis, Icelandic Variant Caa, Familial Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Genetic Acys Amyloidosis Cst3-Related Amyloidosis Cystatin Amyloidosis Hchwa, Icelandic Type Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage With Amyloidosis, Icelandic Type Amyloidosis 6 AMYL6 Acys Caa Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Cst3-Related Cerebroarterial Amyloidosis Icelandic Type Cystatin C Amyloidosis Hccaa Hchwai Hchwa-I Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage With Amyloidosis Icelandic Type Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Familial Angiopathy, Amyloid, Cerebral, Cst3-Related Hereditary Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Icelandic Type Familial Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Hereditary
Breast Intraductal Papillomatosis	Breast Papillomatosis Intraductal Papillomatosis Of The Breast
Disseminated Chorioretinitis
Alzheimer Disease, Familial, 1	Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer'S Disease Presenile And Senile Dementia AD1 Alzheimer Disease, Susceptibility To Alzheimer Disease, Late-Onset, Susceptibility To Alzheimer Disease 1, Familial AD Familial Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer Disease, Late-Onset Alzheimers Dementia Alzheimer Dementia Alzheimer Sclerosis Alzheimer Syndrome Alzheimer-Type Dementia Dat Primary Senile Degenerative Dementia Sdat Alzheimer Disease 1 Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer Disease Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease With Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Late Onset Alzheimer Disease Alzheimers Disease Alzheimer Disease, Early-Onset, With Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Late-Onset Alzheimers Disease Alzheimer'S Disease Pathway Kegg Dementia Due To Alzheimer'S Disease Alzheimer Disease Type 1 Alzheimers
Cystic Fibrosis	Mucoviscidosis CF Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Susceptibility To Chronic Infection By, In Cystic Fibrosis Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Chronic Infection By, In Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease, Modifier Of Cystic Fibrosis Of Pancreas Fibrocystic Disease Of Pancreas Cf - [Cystic Fibrosis] Cystic Fibrosis Nos Fibrocystic Disease Fibrocystic Disease Of The Pancreas Mucoviscidosis Of Pancreas Nonproliferative Fibrocystic Disease Pancreatic Cystic Fibrosis
Deficiency Anemia	Anemia Deficiency Anemias Anaemia

Diseases	Alias
Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia	Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Related Agents

Pre-clinical Phase

Pre-clinical Phase

Bioactive Molecules (5)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Rare Diseases
HY-RS00010	A2M Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Pre-designed Set	/	Unkown
HY-CE00893	2M2PE-CoA		/	Unkown
HY-RS18322	A2m Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Pre-designed Set	/	Unkown
HY-RS19112	Pzp Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Pre-designed Set	/	Unkown
HY-RS24800	A2m Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Pre-designed Set	/	Unkown

Orthologs Information

Species	Symbol	Source	ID
Rattus norvegicus	A2M	RGD	RGD:2004
Felis catus	A2M	VGNC	VGNC:97332
Mus musculus	A2M	MGD	MGI:2449119
Bos taurus	A2M	VGNC	VGNC:55837
Others	A2M	NCBI