HCM-01

Sprague-Dawley (female; streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease model)^[1]

50 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg

p.o. or i.p.; once daily for 24 days

Reduced daily mean escape latencies in the Morris water maze to levels comparable to memantine-treated animals.
Increased step-through latency in the passive avoidance test up to 300 s on day 41, matching untreated control animals.
Left locomotor activity (total distance, mean speed, resting percentage) unchanged relative to control groups.
Resulted in hippocampal CA1/CA2 region histopathological score of 0.16, matching untreated control and sham groups.
Reduced hippocampal CA3 region neuronal degeneration to scores of 1.83 (50 mg/kg p.o.), 1.66 (100 mg/kg p.o.), and 1.66 (50 mg/kg i.p.).
Attenuated tau immunopositivity in hippocampal CA1/CA2 region to scores of 1.16 (50 mg/kg p.o., 50 mg/kg i.p.) and 1.66 (100 mg/kg p.o.).
Attenuated tau immunopositivity in hippocampal CA3 region to scores of 2.00 (50 mg/kg p.o.), 2.83 (100 mg/kg p.o.), and 1.33 (50 mg/kg i.p.).
Eliminated β-amyloid immunopositivity in hippocampal CA1/CA2 and CA3 regions, matching control groups.
Reduced AChE immunopositivity in hippocampal CA3 region to scores of 2.16 (50 mg/kg p.o.), 1.33 (100 mg/kg p.o.), and 1.16 (50 mg/kg i.p.).