Virginiamycin Complex
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Virginiamycin Complex (Streptogramin) is an antibiotic containing two streptogramins, virginiamycin M (VM) and virginiamycin S (VS), which are produced by S. virginiae. As a complex, these two antibiotics in Virginiamycin Complex act synergistically. The action of VM is persistent and catalytic, and it can alter the affinity of ribosomes for VS. Virginiamycin Complex irreversibly inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria and has antibacterial activity.
商品は「研究用試薬」です。人や動物の医療用・臨床診断用・食品用の製品ではありません。
研究用途以外に使用した場合、当社は一切の責任を負いかねます。
- 純度 : 89.18%
- CAS 番号: 11006-76-1
- 分子式: C71H84N10O17
- 分子量:1349.48
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保管条件:Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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生物活性
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化学情報
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溶剤 & 溶解度
- プロトコル
- 純度とドキュメンテーション
- 参考文献
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Help & FAQs
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生物活性
製品説明
体外実験
Virginiamycin Complex (5 μg/mL; 10 min) can inhibit the colony formation and protein synthesis of B. subtilis M1S1[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
化学情報
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CAS 番号 11006-76-1
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性状 Solid
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分子量 1349.48
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分子式 C71H84N10O17
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Color White to light yellow
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SMILES
O=C1CCN([C@@]([H])(C1)C(N[C@H](C(O[C@@H]([C@@H](C(N[C@@H](C(N2CCC3)=O)CC)=O)NC(C4=NC=CC=C4O)=O)C)=O)C5=CC=CC=C5)=O)C([C@H](CC6=CC=CC=C6)N(C([C@@]23[H])=O)C)=O.O=C(NC/C=C\C(C)=C\[C@H](C7)O)/C=C/[C@H]([C@H](OC(C8=CCCN8C(C9=COC(CC7=O)=N9)=O)=O)C(C)C)C
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別名
Streptogramin; Mikamycin; RP 7293
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輸送条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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保管条件
Powder -20°C 3 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
溶剤 & 溶解度
体外:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (74.10 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
濃度 (開始) × 体積 (開始) = 濃度 (終了) × 体積 (終了)
体内:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.85 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
プロトコル
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Bacterial live/dead nucleic-acid viability staining
The LIVE/DEAD bacterial viability staining method is based on differential permeability of nucleic-acid-binding fluorescent dyes, most commonly SYTO 9 and propidium iodide (PI), which enables discrimination of bacterial populations with intact versus compromised cytoplasmic membranes. SYTO 9 penetrates both intact and damaged bacterial membranes and binds nucleic acids to produce green fluorescence, whereas propidium iodide penetrates only cells with compromised membranes and fluoresces red while also reducing SYTO 9 signal through competitive binding and fluorescence interactions. The resulting fluorescence pattern is interpreted as a proxy for membrane integrity, which is widely used as an indicator of bacterial viability in microscopy, flow cytometry, and spectroscopic platforms. However, mechanistic studies show that SYTO 9 and PI interactions involve displacement and fluorescence resonance energy transfer effects, which can influence signal interpretation depending on dye ratios a
純度とドキュメンテーション
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取扱説明書 (2659 KB)
参考文献
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 0.7410 mL | 3.7051 mL | 7.4103 mL | 18.5257 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.1482 mL | 0.7410 mL | 1.4821 mL | 3.7051 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0741 mL | 0.3705 mL | 0.7410 mL | 1.8526 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.0494 mL | 0.2470 mL | 0.4940 mL | 1.2350 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0371 mL | 0.1853 mL | 0.3705 mL | 0.9263 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0296 mL | 0.1482 mL | 0.2964 mL | 0.7410 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0247 mL | 0.1235 mL | 0.2470 mL | 0.6175 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0185 mL | 0.0926 mL | 0.1853 mL | 0.4631 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0148 mL | 0.0741 mL | 0.1482 mL | 0.3705 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0124 mL | 0.0618 mL | 0.1235 mL | 0.3088 mL |
Virginiamycin Complex 関連分類
HY-112665 関連分類
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