Ferrous gluconate
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Ferrous gluconate is a highly water-soluble iron-containing agent with high bioavailability and bactericidal activity. As a non-heme iron, Ferrous gluconate is used for meat product fortification and improvement of iron deficiency anemia. Ferrous gluconate induces ferroptosis in E. coli through Fe2+ infiltration, reactive oxygen species burst, lipid peroxidation and direct interaction with DNA. Ferrous gluconate also downregulates the SOS responsive transcriptional repressor LexA. In addition, Ferrous gluconate regulates multiple key pathways in E. coli such as fatty acid metabolism, iron-sulfur cluster assembly and pyruvate metabolism, and is applied in studies related to *E. coli* infection and iron deficiency anemia.
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- Purity: 99.25%
- CAS No.: 299-29-6
- 화학식: C12H22FeO14
- 분자량:446.14
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보관:
4°C, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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용액&용해도
- 순도&문서
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Ferrous gluconate (12.5-400 μM; 1-9 h) potently kills E. coli MG1655, EHEC O157:H7 and ETEC H10407[1].
Ferrous gluconate (200 μM; 6 h) induces intracellular ROS burst in E. coli MG1655, and this ROS burst is involved in Ferrous gluconate-mediated cell death[1].
Ferrous gluconate (200 μM; 6 h) induces intracellular lipid peroxidation in E. coli MG1655, but attenuation of this lipid peroxidation does not reduce ferrous gluconate-mediated cell death[1].
Ferrous gluconate (200 μM; 6 h) increases the level of labile Fe2+ in E. coli MG1655 cells, where gluconate facilitates Fe2+ uptake into cells to accelerate cell death[1].
Ferrous gluconate (200 μM; 6 h) induces DNA damage in E. coli MG1655 and directly interacts with purified E. coli genomic DNA at concentrations ≥1 mM[1].
Ferrous gluconate (200 μM; 1 h) alters the proteome of E. coli MG1655, affecting pathways associated with lipid metabolism, iron-sulfur cluster assembly, and DNA damage response, including downregulation of the SOS repressor LexA[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:E. coli MG1655, EHEC O157:H7, ETEC H10407
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Concentration:12.5 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, 200 μM, 400 μM
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Incubation Time:9 h
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Result:Showed over 99.9% mortality at 200 μM for 6 h, with ΔrecA mutant E. coli being more sensitive to ferrous gluconate than wild-type MG1655.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Wistar rats (3-week-old weanling, half male and half female, initial body weight 40.5 g)[2]
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Dosage:60.0 mg/kg diet
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Administration:dietary; ad libitum; 28 days
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Result:Reached final body weight of 183.13 g.
Showed significantly higher food intake than control during days 7-14 (15.84 g/day), days 14-21 (18.71 g/day), and days 21-28 (19.62 g/day).
Reached haemoglobin value of 14.0 g/100 mL, and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) of 4.6.
Showed no statistically significant differences compared to control for liver/spleen iron content, apparent iron absorption, %A/I, haemoglobin, or TIBC.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 299-29-6
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Appearance Solid
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분자량 446.14
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화학식 C12H22FeO14
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SMILES
O=C1[O-][Fe+2]2([OH]C1C(C(C(CO)O)O)O)[O-]C(C(C(C(C(CO)O)O)O)[OH]2)=O
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선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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보관
4°C, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)
용액&용해도
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (224.14 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
순도&문서
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (392 KB)
- English - EN (392 KB)
- Français - FR (392 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (392 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (392 KB)
- Español - ES (392 KB)
- Swedish - SV (392 KB)
- Italian - IT (392 KB)
- Korean - KR (392 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (392 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.2414 mL | 11.2072 mL | 22.4145 mL | 56.0362 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4483 mL | 2.2414 mL | 4.4829 mL | 11.2072 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2241 mL | 1.1207 mL | 2.2414 mL | 5.6036 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1494 mL | 0.7471 mL | 1.4943 mL | 3.7357 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1121 mL | 0.5604 mL | 1.1207 mL | 2.8018 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0897 mL | 0.4483 mL | 0.8966 mL | 2.2414 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0747 mL | 0.3736 mL | 0.7471 mL | 1.8679 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0560 mL | 0.2802 mL | 0.5604 mL | 1.4009 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0448 mL | 0.2241 mL | 0.4483 mL | 1.1207 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0374 mL | 0.1868 mL | 0.3736 mL | 0.9339 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0280 mL | 0.1401 mL | 0.2802 mL | 0.7005 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0224 mL | 0.1121 mL | 0.2241 mL | 0.5604 mL |
Ferrous gluconate Related Classifications
HY-W698249 Related Classifications
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