Phosphatidic acids (PA)

1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid (1-Oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate) sodium, a potent bioactive phospholipid, is a LPA receptor activator. 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium can promote mitosis by inducing DNA synthesis. 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium is also involved in normal and pathological emotional responses, including anxiety and depression.

1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid (1-Oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate) is an abundant lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) species with high biological activity due to its strong affinity for the LPA receptors. 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid is commonly used in most laboratories as a reagent for LPA receptor activation. 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid increases SRE-driven β-galactosidase activity.

(Rac)-1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid ((Rac)-1-Oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate) sodium is the racemic isomer of 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium (HY-107614).

1-Hexadecyl lysophosphatidic acid is an ether analog of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) containing a hexadecyl group in the sn-1 position. LPA binds to five different G protein-coupled receptors and mediates a variety of biological responses, including cell proliferation, smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, neurite contraction, and cell motility.

Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (1-P-GPA) sodium salt is a type of phospholipid and a precursor of lipid membranes. 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium salt can be incorporated into POPC liposomes, resulting in significant changes in membrane curvature. 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium salt can induce platelet aggregation, but its activity is 30 times lower than that of 1-hexadecyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphate.

18:0-18:1 PA (1-Stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate) sodium is an anionic lipid.

Palmitoyl 3-carbacyclic phosphatidic acid (HY-139061) is a palmitoylated Carba-like cyclophosphatidic acid and an analog of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Palmitoyl 3-carbacyclic phosphatidic acid has different functions from LPA and can inhibit the activation of RhoA and inhibit the migration of melanoma cells. Palmitoyl 3-carbacyclic phosphatidic acid effectively inhibited experimental lung metastasis and reduced the number of tumor nodules in a B16-F0 xenograft mouse model.

N-PTyrosine PA (N-Palmitoyl-tyrosine phosphoric acid) ammonium is a lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor modulator, which exhibits weak inhibitory activity against LPA1 and partial agonist properties towards LPA5. N-PTyrosine PA ammonium inhibits the activation of LPA receptors and downstream responses by competing with agonists for binding sites. N-PTyrosine PA ammonium can induce morphological changes and aggregation, and also inhibit LPA-induced morphological changes through receptor desensitization caused by pre-incubation. N-PTyrosine PA ammonium can be used in the research of related diseases such as atherosclerosis and acute ischemic syndromes (e.g., unstable angina, myocardial infarction, stroke).

1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (1-P-GPA) is a phospholipid and lipid membrane precursor. 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate integrates into POPC liposomes, causing significant changes in membrane curvature. 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate induces platelet aggregation, but its activity is 30-fold lower than that of 1-hexadecyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphate.

1-Octadecyl lysophosphatidic acid (compound 10) is a GPR92 receptor (LPA5) activator with potential flavoring effects.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (compound 3-F7) is a phosphatidic acid and a human endogenous metabolite.

1,2-Diheptadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidic acid (sodium) ((2R)-2,3-bis(heptadecanoyloxy)propyl hydrogen phosphate (sodium)) is an ester product.

Dioctanoylphosphatidic acid sodium functions as a modulator of phagocyte respiratory burst, acts as a precursor to diacylglycerol and lysophosphatidic acid, and influences the phosphorylation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) while enhancing the viability of gallbladder carcinoma cells treated with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs); it is derived from glycerophospholipid through the action of phospholipase D.

Palmitoleoyl 3-carbacyclic phosphatidic acid (3ccPA 16:1) is an intermediately potent inhibitor of autotaxin (ATX) with an IC₅₀ of 620 nM. Palmitoleoyl 3-carbacyclic phosphatidic acid can be used for melanoma research.

4ME 16:0 PA sodium is a diphytanoyl lipid.

1-Hexadecyl lysophosphatidic acid (1-Hexadecyl LPA) sodium, an ether analog of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), is a LPA receptor activator.

1-Arachidonoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PA (sodium) (1-Arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (sodium)) is a phospholipid with arachifonic acid at the sn-1 position. 1-Arachidonoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PA (sodium) binds to the LPA₂/EDG4 receptor (EC₅₀ of 10 nM). 1-Arachidonoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PA (sodium) can be found in rat brain as 37% of the arachidoinic acid-containing lysophosphatidic acid species. 1-Arachidonoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PA (sodium) is the precursor to 1-arachidonoyl glycerol. 1-Arachidonoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PA (sodium) can prevent TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in wild type LPS-stimulated dendritic cells. 1-Arachidonoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PA (sodium) reduces differentiation of HT-29 colon carcinoma cells into goblet cells when sodium butyrate is present.

(Rac)-1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid is an isomer of 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium (HY-107614). 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium is a bioactive lipid that can activate the LPA receptors .

10:0 PA (1,2-Didecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate) sodium is an anionic lipid that can be used to prepare nanoemulsions to improve the oral bioavailability of Etoposide (HY-13629).

1-Myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphate sodium is a kind of activity that promotes platelet aggregation and stimulates smooth muscle contraction. 1-Myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphate sodium can enhance cell chemotaxis and cytoskeletal rearrangement. 1-Myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphate sodium can also promote Ca2+ mobilization and neurotransmitter release. 1-Myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphate sodium also has a certain effect on cell proliferation.