Complement System Activator

Lipoteichoic acid is an orally effect anti-inflammatory and antitumor agent. Lipoteichoic acid is a crucial immune molecule in Gram-positive bacteria that activates the complement system by inducing C3 and inhibiting CD55. Lipoteichoic acid regulates macrophage autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Lipoteichoic acid induces lung damage in mice. Lipoteichoic acid inhibits the production of melanin.

Cobra Venom Factor (CVF) is a selective activator targeting complement components C3, C5, and factor B in the complement system. After binding to factor B, Cobra Venom Factor is cleaved by factor D, forming a stable C3/C5 convertase resistant to regulatory proteins H and I. This continuously hydrolyzes C3 and C5, depleting serum complement while inducing neutrophil migration, vascular leakage, and increased TNF-α levels. Cobra Venom Factor can be used to deplete complement and mimic complement activation-related pathological states, and is applied in animal models of complement-mediated diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, and shock. Cobra Venom Factor can be isolated from the venom of cobras (e.g., Naja atra, Naja melanoleuca, Naja kaouthia, etc.).

Certepetide (CEND-1) is a bifunctional cyclic peptide (a.k.a. iRGD). Certepetide is a tumor-penetrating enhancer via RGD motif interaction with alphav-integrins and via activating NRP-1, and transforms the solid tumor microenvironment into a temporary agent conduit. Certepetide accumulates in tumors, and is used in the research of pancreatic cancer and other solid tumors.

Dezamizumab (GSK 2398852) is a fully humanized clonal IgG1 antibody against serum amyloid P component (SAP) with complement activation and amyloid clearance-inducing activities. Dezamizumab binds to SAP associated with amyloid deposits to form complexes that activate complement and mediate phagocytic clearance, triggering activation of the classical complement pathway. Dezamizumab can be used for the research of systemic amyloidosis.

4-Octylphenol is a hormone disruptor that has gender-specific effects on male reproductive cells, significantly reducing the mitotic index and the number of spermatogonia. 4-Octylphenol can cause inflammatory damage to fish gills by activating the complement system through the C3a/C3aR axis and the C5a/C5aR1 axis, this leads to complement activation and causes immune suppression due to the imbalance between Th1/Th2 cells and regulatory T cells (Treg)/Th17 cells, as well as inflammatory damage via the Toll-like receptor 7 (Toll-like Receptor (TLR))/IκBα/NF-κB pathway.

Certepetide-¹³C₆,¹⁵N₂ (CEND-1-¹³C₆,¹⁵N₂) is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled Certepetide (HY-P3448). Certepetide (CEND-1) is a bifunctional cyclic peptide (a.k.a. iRGD). Certepetide is a tumor-penetrating enhancer via RGD motif interaction with alphav-integrins and via activating NRP-1, and transforms the solid tumor microenvironment into a temporary agent conduit. Certepetide accumulates in tumors, and is used in the research of pancreatic cancer and other solid tumors.

Certepetide-¹³C₂,¹⁵N (CEND-1-¹³C₂,¹⁵N) is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled Certepetide (HY-P3448). Certepetide (CEND-1) is a bifunctional cyclic peptide (a.k.a. iRGD). Certepetide is a tumor-penetrating enhancer via RGD motif interaction with alphav-integrins and via activating NRP-1, and transforms the solid tumor microenvironment into a temporary agent conduit. Certepetide accumulates in tumors, and is used in the research of pancreatic cancer and other solid tumors.