Discovery of novel substituted pyridine carboxamide derivatives as potent allosteric SHP2 inhibitors

Src homology-2-containing protein tyrosine Phosphatase 2 (SHP2), a critical regulator of proliferation pathways and immune checkpoint signaling in various cancers, is an attractive target for Cancer therapy. Here, we report the discovery of a novel series of substituted pyridine carboxamide derivatives as potent allosteric SHP2 inhibitors. Among them, compound C6 showed excellent inhibitory activity against SHP2 and antiproliferative effect on MV-4-11 cell line with IC₅₀ values of 0.13 and 3.5 nM, respectively. Importantly, orally administered C6 displayed robust in vivo antitumor efficacy in the MV-4-11 xenograft mouse model (TGI = 69.5 %, 30 mg/kg). Subsequent H&E and Ki67 staining showed that C6 significantly suppressed the proliferation of tumor cells. Notably, flow cytometry, ELISA and immunofluorescence experiments showed that C6 remarkably decreased the population of CD206⁺/Ly6C⁺ M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the expression level of interleukin-10 (IL-10), and the number of F4/80⁺/CD206⁺ M2-like TAMs, suggesting that C6 could effectively alleviate the activation and infiltration of M2-like TAMs. Taken together, these results illustrate that C6 is a promising SHP2 Inhibitor worthy of further development.