PD-L1 Protein, Human (HEK293)

The PD-L1 protein critically regulates immune tolerance by acting as a ligand for PDCD1/PD-1, regulating T cell activation threshold, and limiting effector responses. It may act as a costimulatory molecule for IL10-producing T cell subsets. PD-L1 Protein, Human (HEK293) is the recombinant human-derived PD-L1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with tag free.

PD-L1 Protein assumes a critical role in both the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self, acting as a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1 and thereby modulating the activation threshold of T-cells, ultimately limiting their effector response. Additionally, PD-L1 may function as a costimulatory molecule for T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10) through an as yet unidentified activating receptor. Beyond its role as an immune checkpoint, PD-L1 also acts as a transcription coactivator, translocating into the nucleus in response to hypoxia and interacting with phosphorylated STAT3 to promote the transcription of GSDMC, leading to pyroptosis. Exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape immune system destruction, the PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway facilitated by PD-L1 interaction with PDCD1/PD-1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function. Blocking the PDCD1-mediated pathway has shown promise in reversing exhausted T-cell phenotypes and normalizing anti-tumor responses, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy.

1.Measured by its ability to inhibit anti-CD3-induced proliferation of stimulated CTLL-2 mouse cytotoxic T cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤0.2111 μg/ml in the presence of 10 μg/mL anti-CD3.
2.Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human PD-L1 at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Human PD-1. The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤0.8996 μg/mL.

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  Measured by its ability to inhibit anti-CD3-induced proliferation of stimulated CTLL‑2 mouse cytotoxic T cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.2191 μg/mL in the presence of 10 μg/mL anti-CD3, corresponding to a specific activity is 4.56×10³ units/mg.

Human

HEK293

Tag Free

Q9NZQ7-1/NP_054862.1 (F19-R238)

29126  [NCBI]

Extracellular Domain

FTVTVPKDLYVVEYGSNMTIECKFPVEKQLDLAALIVYWEMEDKNIIQFVHGEEDLKVQHSSYRQRARLLKDQLSLGNAALQITDVKLQDAGVYRCMISYGGADYKRITVKVNAPYNKINQRILVVDPVTSEHELTCQAEGYPKAEVIWTSSDHQVLSGKTTTTNSKREEKLFNVTSTLRINTTTNEIFYCTFRRLDPEENHTAELVIPELPLAHPPNER

Approximately 31-40 kDa due to the glycosylation.

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  ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder

1.Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
2. Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4, 8% trehalose.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O.

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.