Adrenergic Receptor Agonist

Isoetharine (Isoetarine) mesylate is an orally active selective agonist of β-adrenergic receptors. Isoetharine mesylate is a catechol-like agent and catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) mediates its methylation. Isoetharine mesylate can promote the production of cAMP which stimulates the relaxation of smooth muscle cells and can be used as an emphysema, bronchitis and bronchodilator.

Zinterol hydrochloride (MJ 9184 hydrochloride) is a potent and selective β2-adrenoceptor agonist. Zinterol hydrochloride increases I_Ca in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC₅₀ of 2.2 nM. Zinterol hydrochloride induces ventricular arrhythmias in conscious heart failure rabbits.

Calcium phosphorylcholine-d₉ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Calcium phosphorylcholine chloride. Calcium phosphorylcholine chloride is the main phospholipid component in eukaryotic biofilms. Calcium phosphorylcholine chloride exists in commensal or pathogenic bacteria associated with eukaryotes in prokaryotes. Calcium phosphorylcholine chloride exhibits a surprising range of immunomodulatory properties.

Talipexole dihydrochloride (B-HT 920 dihydrochloride) is a dopamine D2 receptor agonist, α2-adrenoceptor agonist and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, which displays antiParkinsonian activity.

Desglymidodrine (ST 1059), the active metabolite of Midodrine(HY-12749), is a selective α₁-adrenoceptor agonist. Desglymidodrine is an effective arterial and venous vasoconstrictor and can be used to regulate blood pressure.

Methoxamine hydrochloride is a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist. Methoxamine hydrochloride causes vasoconstriction and increased peripheral vascular resistance. Methoxamine hydrochloride significantly increased the overflow of ATP, ADP and AMP, but not adenosine, by a prazosin-sensitive mechanism in the rabbit pulmonary artery.

Ritodrine (DU21220) hydrochloride is a potent and orally active β-adrenergic agonist. Ritodrine hydrochloride decreases preterm delivery and uterine contraction. Ritodrine hydrochloride has the potential for the research of preterm labor.

Levalbuterol ((R)-Albuterol) hydrochloride is a short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist and the active (R)-enantiomer of Salbutamol. Levalbuterol hydrochloride is a more potent bronchodilator than Salbutamol and has the potential for the treatment of COPD.

Formoterol ((±)Formoterol) is a selective β₂-adrenoceptor agonist. Formoterol is at least as β₂-adrenoceptor selective as Salbutamol (HY-B1037) and Terbutaline (HY-B0802A). Formoterol abolishs the contraction induced by Acetylcholine in bronchioles. Formoterol can be used for the research of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma.

Tulobuterol (C-78 free base) is a long-acting β₂-adrenoceptor agonist, which reduces the frequency of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma. Tulobuterol is also a sympathomimetic agent used as a transdermal patch, and increases normal diaphragm muscle strength.

Reproterol is a selective β2-adrenoceptor agonist and cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Reproterol inhibits adenylate cyclase-induced phosphodiesterase activity. Reproterol inhibits histamine release from mast cells. Reproterol is applicable to research related to asthma.

Norfenefrine hydrochloride is an orally active, endogenously found α-adrenergic agonist and can be used for the research of female stress incontinence.

Amitraz is a non-systemic acaricide and insecticide with alpha-adrenergic agonist activity that interacts with octopamine receptors in the central nervous system and inhibits monoamine oxidase and prostaglandin synthesis.

Guanabenz hydrochloride is an orally active α-2-adrenoceptor agonist. Guanabenz hydrochloride has antihypertensive effect and antiparasitic activity. Guanabenz hydrochloride interferes ER stress-signalling and has protective effects in cardiac myocytes. Guanabenz hydrochloride also is used for the research of high blood pressure.

Arformoterol ((R,R)-Formoterol) tartrate, the (R,R)-enantiomer of Formoterol, is a long-acting β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) agonist, with a K_d of 2.9 nM. Arformoterol tartrate can be used for the research of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Xylometazoline hydrochloride is an α-adrenergic receptor agonist (K_i=0.05-1.7 μM). Xylometazoline hydrochloride can constrict nasal blood vessels and increase nasal airflow. Xylometazoline hydrochloride can be used in nose stuffiness and runny nose research.

Denopamine ((R)-(-)-Denopamine) is an orally active, selective β1-adrenergic agonist. Denopamine prolongs survival in a murine model of congestive heart failure induced by viral myocarditis: suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α production in the heart. Cardiovascular effects.

Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate is a selective, long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Formoterol is a bronchodilator used for the research of the asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate induces mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury.

Tizanidine, a skeletal muscle relaxant, is an orally effective central α₂-adrenoceptor agonist (IC₅₀ = 6.9 nmol). Tizanidine primarily exerts muscle relaxation effects by inhibiting the release of excitatory amino acids (glutamate and aspartate) from the presynaptic terminals of spinal cord interneurons. Tizanidine has anti-injury activity and can inhibit gastrointestinal (GI) transport. Tizanidine can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells and induce cell apoptosis by upregulating Nischarin and inhibiting the AKT and Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathways. Tizanidine can be used to treat spasticity caused by diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and spinal cord injury (SCI).

Batefenterol (GSK961081;TD-5959) is a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist and β₂-adrenoceptor agonist; displays high affinity for hM2, hM3 muscarinic and hβ₂-adrenoceptor with K_i values of 1.4, 1.3 and 3.7 nM, respectively.