Cat. No.: HY-W041308

DCOIT

Name: DCOIT
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-W041308
Price: 25.00 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (1 reviews)

(Synonyms: Kathon 930)

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DCOIT (Kathon 930) is an isothiazolinone biocide and environmental pollutant that directly binds to G protein α subunits, with K_D values of 0.92 mM and 0.4 mM for Gαs and Gαi, respectively. Binding of DCOIT to Gαi enhances the interaction between Gαi and mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), alters the subcellular distribution of intracellular Ca²⁺, and activates PKC/MEK/ERK signaling. DCOIT upregulates CYP19a transcription and aromatase activity, thereby disrupting steroid hormone homeostasis. DCOIT is used in studies of reproductive endocrine disruption and environmental toxicology.

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Pureté : 99.87%
CAS No.: 64359-81-5
Formule: C₁₁H₁₇Cl₂NOS
Masse moléculaire:282.23

Stockage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

DCOIT Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 64359-81-5

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Activité biologique
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Solvant et solubilité
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Pureté et documentation
Références
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Activité biologique

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

^[1]

Gαs

0.92 mM (Kd)

Gαi

0.4 mM (Kd)

In Vitro

OthersMitochondrial FunctionAnti-cancer

Others

DCOIT (Kathon 930) (31.25-250 μM) directly binds to recombinant Gαs and Gαi proteins with K_D values of 0.92 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively, exhibiting a stronger binding affinity for Gαi^[1].
DCOIT (2-4 mg/L) concentration-dependently reduces its binding to the DCOIT matrix in pull-down assays with recombinant Gαs and Gαi proteins; it decreases the GTPase activity of recombinant Gαi, while having no significant effect on the GTPase activity of Gαs^[1].
DCOIT (1.6 μM; 24 h) does not alter total MEK and ERK protein levels in H295R cells, but increases p-MEK and p-ERK levels by 1.7-fold and 1.9-fold, respectively, and ELISA results further confirm the activation of MAPK signaling^[1].
DCOIT (1.6 μM; 24 h) upregulates CYP19a transcription and increases aromatase activity in H295R cells, promoting the conversion of testosterone to estradiol and elevating the E2/T ratio^[1].
DCOIT (1.6 μM; 24 h; co-exposure with PMA (HY-18739) or U0126 (HY-12031A)) induces changes in CYP19a transcription, aromatase activity, E2 levels, and the E2/T ratio in H295R cells that are enhanced by the MAPK activator PMA and antagonized by the MEK inhibitor U0126^[1].
DCOIT (1.6 μM; 24 h; co-exposure with PTX or GTP)-induced MEK/ERK phosphorylation in H295R cells is alleviated by the Gαi inhibitor PTX and reversed by co-exposure with GTP; GTP also restores E2 levels and the E2/T ratio to near baseline^[1].
DCOIT (1.6 μM; 24 h) elevates PLC, IP3, DAG, and PKC levels in H295R cells^[1].
DCOIT (0.10-12.80 μM; 24 h) exerts a concentration-dependent effect on H295R cell viability, in which 0.10-1.60 μM does not reduce cell viability, 1.60 μM is the maximum no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC), and 3.20, 6.40, and 12.80 μM significantly reduce cell viability^[1].

Mitochondrial Function

DCOIT (1.6 μM; 24 h) enhances the binding of Gαi to MCU by 2.0-fold in H295R cells, increases total intracellular and cytosolic Ca²⁺ levels, with cytosolic Ca²⁺ elevated by 1.7-fold, and decreases endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial Ca²⁺ levels^[1].

Anti-cancer

DCOIT (1.6 μM; 24 h; co-treatment with 20 μM NF449 (HY-112461)) induces elevated p-MEK and p-ERK levels in H295R cells that are not significantly affected by the Gαs inhibitor NF449^[1].
DCOIT (1.6 μM; 24 h; co-treatment with 12.5 μM Progesterone (HY-N0437)) further elevates p-MEK and p-ERK levels in H295R cells; it upregulates CYP19a gene transcription but does not further enhance aromatase activity or alterations in hormone homeostasis^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

H295R
Concentration:

1.6 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Left total MEK abundance unchanged.
Left total ERK abundance unchanged.
Increased p-MEK by 1.7-fold.
Increased p-ERK by 1.9-fold.

ELISA Assay^[1]

Cell Line:

H295R
Concentration:

1.6 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Increased p-MEK content.
Increased p-ERK content.

RT-PCR^[1]

Cell Line:

H295R
Concentration:

1.6 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Increased CYP19a gene transcription.

RT-PCR^[1]

Cell Line:

H295R
Concentration:

1.6 μM + 10 nM PMA
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Further increased CYP19a gene transcription relative to DCOIT alone.

RT-PCR^[1]

Cell Line:

H295R
Concentration:

1.6 μM + 10 μM U0126
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Antagonized the DCOIT-induced increase in CYP19a gene transcription.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

H295R
Concentration:

1.6 μM + 20 μM NF449
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

NF449 did not appreciably alter the DCOIT-induced increases in p-MEK and p-ERK.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

H295R
Concentration:

1.6 μM + 12.5 μM progesterone
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Further increased p-MEK.
Further increased p-ERK relative to DCOIT alone.

RT-PCR^[1]

Cell Line:

H295R
Concentration:

1.6 μM + 12.5 μM progesterone
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Further increased CYP19a gene transcription relative to DCOIT alone.

In Vivo

OthersMitochondrial Function

Others

DCOIT (Kathon 930) (1-10 μg/L; parental life-cycle exposure) induces transgenerational developmental effects in marine medaka, with unexposed offspring exhibiting increased mortality and malformation rates, delayed hatching, elevated heart rate, and increased body length with essentially unchanged body weight^[1].
DCOIT (1-10 μg/L; life-cycle exposure, from embryo to sexual maturity) disrupts GnRHR-mediated gonadotropin signaling in marine medaka; 10 μg/L increases GnRH in female brain by 2.2-fold and FSH in blood by 1.5-fold, while 3 μg/L increases LH and FSH in male blood by 2.1-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively^[1].
DCOIT (1-10 μg/L; life-cycle exposure, from embryo to sexual maturity) alters the transcription of HPG axis-related genes in marine medaka; 10 μg/L increases the E2/T ratio by 1.9-fold in male fish and elevates testicular CYP19a transcription by 3.0-fold^[1].
DCOIT (1-10 μg/L; life-cycle exposure, from embryo to sexual maturity) alters gametogenesis and reproductive performance in marine medaka; 1 and 3 μg/L increase the mean egg production by 1.4-fold and 1.8-fold, respectively, whereas 10 μg/L slightly inhibits cumulative egg production and decreases the gonadosomatic index in both males and females^[1].

Mitochondrial Function

DCOIT (10 μg/L; whole-life exposure) disrupts Gα, Ca²⁺, and MAPK-related proteins and decreases MCU protein levels in the brain of male marine medaka^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Oryzias melastigma^[1]
Dosage:

1 μg/L, 3 μg/L, 10 μg/L
Administration:

waterborne; static life-cycle exposure from embryo to sexual maturation
Result:

Increased brain GnRH concentration by 2.2-fold and blood FSH concentration by 1.5-fold in female fish at 10 μg/L, accompanied by upregulation of sGnRH, mGnRH, GnRHR, and FSHβ gene transcription in the brain.
Increased blood LH by 2.1-fold and FSH by 1.4-fold in male fish at 3 μg/L, with concurrent upregulation of FSHβ, GTHα, and LHβ gene transcription in the brain.
Increased the testicular E₂/T ratio by 1.9-fold and elevated testicular CYP19a transcription by 3.0-fold in male fish at 10 μg/L.
Promoted ovarian oogenic progression, with a lower proportion of primary oocytes and higher proportions of cortical-alveolar, early vitellogenic, and late/mature oocytes.
Blocked spermatogenesis in the testis at 10 μg/L, reducing the proportion of mature sperm and increasing the proportion of spermatocytes.
Increased average fecundity 1.4-fold at 1 μg/L and 1.8-fold at 3 μg/L, while mildly suppressing cumulative fecundity at 10 μg/L.
Decreased both female and male gonadosomatic index values.
Skewed the sex ratio toward female dominance at 10 μg/L.
Caused increased mortality and malformation, delayed hatching, faster heartbeat, and longer body length in offspring in a concentration-dependent manner.
Altered the brain proteome at 10 μg/L, with 848 differentially abundant proteins in females and 892 in males, including G protein subunits (Gαi, Gαo, Gαq), Ca²⁺ signaling proteins, and MAPK pathway proteins (PKC, MEK).
Significantly decreased mitochondrial calcium uniporter protein in the male brain at 10 μg/L.
Was detected in brain tissue after 10 μg/L life-cycle exposure.

Related Protocols :

Chemical Information

CAS No. 64359-81-5
Appearance Solid
Masse moléculaire 282.23
Formule C₁₁H₁₇Cl₂NOS
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C1N(CCCCCCCC)SC(Cl)=C1Cl
Synonyms

Kathon 930
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Stockage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvant et solubilité

In Vitro:

DMSO : 133.33 mg/mL (472.42 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.5432 mL

17.7160 mL

35.4321 mL

5 mM

0.7086 mL

3.5432 mL

7.0864 mL

10 mM

0.3543 mL

1.7716 mL

3.5432 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Calculateur de molarité

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Calculateur de dilution

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: 5 mg/mL (17.72 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

This protocol yields a clear solution of 5 mg/mL.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Pureté et documentation

Select Batch:

Pureté: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Fiche technique (283 KB)
SDS (786 KB)
- English - EN (786 KB)
- Français - FR (786 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (786 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (786 KB)
- Español - ES (786 KB)
- Swedish - SV (786 KB)
- Italian - IT (786 KB)
- Korean - KR (786 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (786 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)

Références

[1]. Tang L, et al. Isothiazolinone Disrupts Reproductive Endocrinology by Targeting the G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling. Environmental science & technology. 2024 Jan 16;58(2):1076-1087. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.5432 mL	17.7160 mL	35.4321 mL	88.5802 mL
	5 mM	0.7086 mL	3.5432 mL	7.0864 mL	17.7160 mL
	10 mM	0.3543 mL	1.7716 mL	3.5432 mL	8.8580 mL
	15 mM	0.2362 mL	1.1811 mL	2.3621 mL	5.9053 mL
	20 mM	0.1772 mL	0.8858 mL	1.7716 mL	4.4290 mL
	25 mM	0.1417 mL	0.7086 mL	1.4173 mL	3.5432 mL
	30 mM	0.1181 mL	0.5905 mL	1.1811 mL	2.9527 mL
	40 mM	0.0886 mL	0.4429 mL	0.8858 mL	2.2145 mL
	50 mM	0.0709 mL	0.3543 mL	0.7086 mL	1.7716 mL
	60 mM	0.0591 mL	0.2953 mL	0.5905 mL	1.4763 mL
	80 mM	0.0443 mL	0.2215 mL	0.4429 mL	1.1073 mL
	100 mM	0.0354 mL	0.1772 mL	0.3543 mL	0.8858 mL

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DCOIT