92-31-9
92-31-9
Chemical Structure
Toluidine Blue
Synonym(s): Toluidine Blue O
- CAS No.: 92-31-9
- Formula:C15H16ClN3S
- Molecular Weight:305.83
IUPAC Name: 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)-2-methylphenothiazin-5-ium chloride
InChIKey: HNONEKILPDHFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SMILES: CC1=CC2=C([S+]=C3C=C(N(C)C)C=CC3=N2)C=C1N.[Cl-]
Biological Activity: Toluidine Blue (Toluidine Blue O) is an alkaline quinonimine dye (vivo dye) with high affinity for acidic tissue components, staining nuclei blue and polysaccharides purple. Toluidine Blue shows heterostaining properties for mast cells, mucins and chondrocytes. Toluidine Blue can stain different components of plant tissues and cells in different colours. Toluidine Blue is also used as a diagnostic aid to identify malignant lesions, such as cancer[1][2][3].
| Cat. No. | 상품명 | Purity | 제품 설명 | Pricing | |||||||||||||||||||
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Toluidine Blue | Toluidine Blue (Toluidine Blue O) is an alkaline quinonimine dye (vivo dye) with high affinity for acidic tissue components, staining nuclei blue and polysaccharides purple. Toluidine Blue shows heterostaining properties for mast cells, mucins and chondrocytes. Toluidine Blue can stain different components of plant tissues and cells in different colours. Toluidine Blue is also used as a diagnostic aid to identify malignant lesions, such as cancer. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Methylene blue (purity≥70%) | 95.0% | Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue | 98.16% | 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue is a photosensitizer, virus inactivator and hemoglobin oxidant derived from methylene blue. When activated, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue generates reactive oxygen species including singlet oxygen, and acts as a metachromatic dye. When activated in monomeric or dimeric form, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue induces photoinactivation of R17 phage and vesicular stomatitis virus and oxidizes hemoglobin via non-singlet oxygen reactive oxygen species or singlet oxygen-mediated pathways, respectively. The monomeric form, with higher nucleic acid affinity, achieves virus inactivation under specific conditions without forming methemoglobin. 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue binds to substances such as glycosaminoglycans to produce color changes. Although it is susceptible to interference from non-glycosaminoglycan components in urine, it is still applicable to spectrophotometric analysis for glycosaminoglycan quantification. With these unique photochemical and binding properties, 1,9-Dimethylmethylene blue is widely used in studies of viral infections and related biochemical analyses. |
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Azure B | 99.87% | Azure B is a cationic dye and the major metabolite of Methylene blue. Azure B is used in making Azure eosin stains for blood smear staining. Azure B is a high-potency, selective and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A, with IC50s of 11 and 968 nM for recombinant human MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Azure B possesses significant antidepressant-like effects. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Neutral Red (IND) | 96.32% | Neutral Red (IND) is an organic dye commonly used in biology and cytology laboratories. It can be used to stain living cells, secreted proteins and other molecular structures, etc., and has a wide range of applications in cell imaging and staining. In addition, Neutral Red (IND) is widely used in industrial fields such as water treatment, food processing and paper manufacturing, for example as an indicator or colorant. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Azure A chloride | 70% | Azure A chloride is a phenothiazine dye. Azure A chloride is an alternative DNA dye used for the separation of DNA and protein fragments in agarose gel electrophoresis and PAGE. Azure A chloride can be chemisorbed on the surface of mild steel according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm to form a protective film. Azure A chloride binds to double-stranded DNA in a non-cooperative manner via weak intercalation, triggering molecular conformational disturbance, restricted rotational motion, and changes in optical activity. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Thionin acetate | 93.00% | Thionin acetate is a compound present in the seeds, stems, roots, and leaves of many plant species with antibacterial activity. Thionin acetate is a metachromatic cationic histological dye widely used in biological staining, such as Nissl staining. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Thionin perchlorate | Thionin perchlorate is a general nuclear stain for chromatin and mucin. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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3,7-Dibromophenothiazin-5-iumbromide | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Azure C | 65.15% | Azure C (Monomethylthionine) acts as a tau oligomer inhibitor and Aβ42 oligomerization inhibitor. Azure C regulates hsp70 ATPase activity, thereby mediating the clearance of tau protein. Azure C reduces the levels of toxic tau oligomers by promoting the formation of non-toxic tau aggregates, rescues neuroblastoma cells from tau oligomer-induced toxicity, and binds to and inhibits Aβ42 oligomerization. Azure C is generated via continuous oxidation of methylene blue or azure B through a horseradish peroxidase-mediated reaction. Azure C can be used in research related to tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Methylene green | Methylene green is a cationic phenothiazine dye and a nitro derivative of Methylene blue (HY-14536), which exhibits a strong absorption band in the ~550-690 nm range. Methylene green supports photodynamic processes, cell staining, and biomolecule identification. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- [1]. Puebla-Osorio N, et al. Detection of Infiltrating Mast Cells Using a Modified Toluidine Blue Staining. Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1627:213-222. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Sridharan G, et al. Toluidine blue: A review of its chemistry and clinical utility. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2012;16(2):251-255. [Content Brief]
- [3]. O'Brien T P, et al. Polychromatic staining of plant cell walls by toluidine blue O. Protoplasma, 1964, 59(2): 368-373.
