Crenulatin
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Crenulatin is a gallotannin that can be isolated from Rhodiola rosea. Crenulatin can be used as a biomarker to identify potentially adulterated R. rosea products. Crenulatin has dual- direction effects on apoptosis of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, via regulating Fas/Bcl-2 expression and caspase-3 activity.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.85%
- CAS No.: 63026-02-8
- Formula: C11H20O6
- Molecular Weight:248.27
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
Crenulatin (25 mg/L, 100 mg/L; 24 h) induces apoptosis at 100 mg/L, and inhibits apoptosis at 25 mg/L, in mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd. 3 cell line), accompanying with caspase-3 expression increases or decrease, respectivley[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 63026-02-8
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 248.27
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Formula C11H20O6
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
CC(C=C)(C)O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@@H]([C@H]1O)CO
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Structure Classification
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (402.79 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.07 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.07 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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RNA extraction experimental
By lysing cells, releasing RNA, and removing impurities such as proteins and DNA, high-purity RNA products are finally obtained. The commonly used traditional method is the guanidine isothiocyanate/phenol/chloroform method (Trizol), which is suitable for a variety of animal materials including animal tissues, microorganisms, cultured cells, etc., and most plant materials.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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Endothelial Tube Formation Assay
Endothelial tube formation assay evaluates the ability of endothelial cells to attach, migrate, align, and organize into capillary-like networks when cultured on gelled basement membrane extract or Matrigel; the readout is the morphology and quantity of tube-like networks, which reflects an in vitro endothelial morphogenesis step related to angiogenesis. Basement membrane extract/Matrigel provides laminin-rich extracellular matrix cues that support endothelial differentiation into capillary-like structures, but it can contain biologically active growth factors, so growth-factor-reduced matrix is preferred when testing defined angiogenic stimulators or inhibitors.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (278 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Marchev AS, et al. Authenticity and quality evaluation of different Rhodiola species and commercial products based on NMR-spectroscopy and HPLC. Phytochem Anal. 2020 Nov;31(6):756-769. [Content Brief]
[2]. W S Yu, et al. Polyphenols from Rhodiola crenulata. Planta Med. 1993 Feb;59(1):80-2. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.0279 mL | 20.1394 mL | 40.2787 mL | 100.6968 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8056 mL | 4.0279 mL | 8.0557 mL | 20.1394 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4028 mL | 2.0139 mL | 4.0279 mL | 10.0697 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2685 mL | 1.3426 mL | 2.6852 mL | 6.7131 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2014 mL | 1.0070 mL | 2.0139 mL | 5.0348 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1611 mL | 0.8056 mL | 1.6111 mL | 4.0279 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1343 mL | 0.6713 mL | 1.3426 mL | 3.3566 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1007 mL | 0.5035 mL | 1.0070 mL | 2.5174 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0806 mL | 0.4028 mL | 0.8056 mL | 2.0139 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0671 mL | 0.3357 mL | 0.6713 mL | 1.6783 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0503 mL | 0.2517 mL | 0.5035 mL | 1.2587 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0403 mL | 0.2014 mL | 0.4028 mL | 1.0070 mL |
Crenulatin Related Classifications
HY-N7930 Related Classifications
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