cGAMP
Based on 27 publication(s) in Google Scholar
cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMP) functions as an endogenous second messenger in metazoans and triggers interferon production in response to cytosolic DNA. cGAMP activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which activates a signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.47%
- CAS No.: 849214-04-6
- Formula: C20H24N10O13P2
- Molecular Weight:674.41
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) cGAMP
More- Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Oct 1;10(1):321. [Abstract]
- Cancer Cell. 2026 Mar 9;44(3):658-675.e12. [Abstract]
- Cell. 2026 Mar 19;189(6):1748-1767.e26. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2025 Mar 4;19(8):8277-8293. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 May 23;16(1):4793. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 4;15(1):10543. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 23;15(1):6193. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 18;15(1):6053. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Differ. 2025 Jun;32(6):1167-1179. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar 26:e2502750. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2022: 140190.
- Biomaterials. 2023 Jun:297:122104. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Jan 6;20(1):23. [Abstract]
- J Exp Med. 2026 Feb 2;223(2):e20251051. [Abstract]
- Sci China Life Sci. 2024 Dec;67(12):2664-2677. [Abstract]
- Chin Herb Med. 2024 Apr 30;16(3):422-434. [Abstract]
- Cancer Immunol Res. 2025 Nov 11. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2023 Apr 5;42(4):112328. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2023 Jul:213:115618. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2026 May 1:176:116468. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Aug 6:164:115310. [Abstract]
- Antiviral Res. 2026 Mar:247:106342. [Abstract]
- J Biol Chem. 2025 Dec 6;302(1):111021. [Abstract]
- Vet Microbiol. 2025 Dec 10:312:110836. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Apr 25:2026.04.23.719926. [Abstract]
- Patent. US20210017607A1.
- bioRxiv. 2020 Jul.
Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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WB
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RT-PCR
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WB
Biological Activity
Endogenous Metabolite
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H69AR | EC50 |
4.74 μM
Compound: 3',3'-cGAMP
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Activation of wild-type human STING expressed in human THP1-Dual cells co-expressing IRF3-activated ISRE assessed as IRF3 reporter activation measured after 7 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
Activation of wild-type human STING expressed in human THP1-Dual cells co-expressing IRF3-activated ISRE assessed as IRF3 reporter activation measured after 7 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
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[PMID: 34019405] |
| H69AR | EC50 |
58.46 μM
Compound: 3',3'-cGAMP
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Activation of wild-type human STING expressed in digitonin treated human THP1-Dual cells co-expressing IRF3-activated ISRE assessed as IRF3 reporter activation measured after 30 mins by luciferase reporter gene assay
Activation of wild-type human STING expressed in digitonin treated human THP1-Dual cells co-expressing IRF3-activated ISRE assessed as IRF3 reporter activation measured after 30 mins by luciferase reporter gene assay
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[PMID: 34019405] |
| L929 | EC50 |
20 nM
Compound: 3',3'-cGAMP
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Inhibition of STING in mouse L929 cells assessed as reduction in cGAMP induce IFNbeta expression measured after 4 hrs by qRT-PCR
Inhibition of STING in mouse L929 cells assessed as reduction in cGAMP induce IFNbeta expression measured after 4 hrs by qRT-PCR
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[PMID: 32206239] |
| PBMC | EC50 |
>300 μM
Compound: 3',3'-cGAMP
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Induction of TNF-alpha production in healthy human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
Induction of TNF-alpha production in healthy human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
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[PMID: 34019405] |
| PBMC | EC50 |
15.14 μM
Compound: 3',3'-cGAMP
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Induction of INF-gamma production in healthy human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
Induction of INF-gamma production in healthy human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
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[PMID: 34019405] |
| PBMC | EC50 |
17.25 μM
Compound: 3'3'-cGAMP
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Induction of IFNgamma secretion in human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
Induction of IFNgamma secretion in human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
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[PMID: 36201304] |
| PBMC | EC50 |
18.72 μM
Compound: 3'3'-cGAMP
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Induction of TNFalpha secretion in human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
Induction of TNFalpha secretion in human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
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[PMID: 36201304] |
| PBMC | EC50 |
26.71 μM
Compound: 3',3'-cGAMP
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Induction of INF-alpha production in healthy human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
Induction of INF-alpha production in healthy human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
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[PMID: 34019405] |
| PBMC | EC50 |
7.65 μM
Compound: 3'3'-cGAMP
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Induction of IFNalpha secretion in human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
Induction of IFNalpha secretion in human PBMC incubated for 16 hrs
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[PMID: 36201304] |
cGAMP promotes the antigen-specific proliferation capacity of spleen cells in mice[2].
cGAMP directly activates murine and human dendritic cells in vitro[2].
On stimulation with cGAMP, fibroblasts from the patients showed increased transcription of IFNB1 but not of the genes encoding interleukin-1 (IL1), interleukin-6 (IL6), or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)[3].
cGAMP activates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident receptor STING, thereby inducing an antiviral state and the secretion of type I IFNs[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Female C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice 6–8 weeks old[2]
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Dosage:5 µg
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Administration:Nostril mucosal adjuvant
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Result:Higher titers of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgA and total IgG as well as IgG1 and IgG2c in the sera of mice immunized with cGAMP-adjuvanted OVA as compared to sera from OVA-immunized mice.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 849214-04-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 674.41
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Formula C20H24N10O13P2
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Color White to yellow
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SMILES
O=P(O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2C=NC3=C2N=CN=C3N)O[C@@H]1COP4(O)=O)(O)OC[C@@H]5[C@@H](O4)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N6C=NC7=C6N=C(N)NC7=O)O5
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Synonyms
Cyclic GMP-AMP; 3',3'-cGAMP
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (27)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Signal Transduct Target Ther
Inhibition of long interspersed nuclear element-1 by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors attenuates vascular calcification. [Abstract]2025 Oct 1;10(1):321. PMID: 41027876
cGAMP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Oct 1;10(1):321. [Abstract]
cGAMP accelerated calcium deposition in VSMCs.
cGAMP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Oct 1;10(1):321. [Abstract]
cGAMP increased the calcium content in VSMCs.
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Cancer Cell
Chemotherapy triggers immune evasion by fostering LEPR+ Kupffer cell differentiation in liver metastases. [Abstract]2026 Mar 9;44(3):658-675.e12. PMID: 41687606 -
Cell
2026 Mar 19;189(6):1748-1767.e26. PMID: 41643675 -
ACS Nano
Universal STING Pathway-Activating Complexes Counteract Viral Immune Evasion and Boost Antiviral Responses. [Abstract]2025 Mar 4;19(8):8277-8293. PMID: 39988898 -
Nat Commun
Oral ENPP1 inhibitor designed using generative AI as next generation STING modulator for solid tumors. [Abstract]2025 May 23;16(1):4793. PMID: 40410143 -
Nat Commun
Epstein-Barr virus infection upregulates extracellular OLFM4 to activate YAP signaling during gastric cancer progression. [Abstract]2024 Dec 4;15(1):10543. PMID: 39627192
cGAMP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 4;15(1):10543. [Abstract]
cGAMP (2.5 or 10 μM, 24 h) increased OLFM4 protein expression in HGC-27 cells.
cGAMP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 4;15(1):10543. [Abstract]
cGAMP (10 μM, 6, 12, and 24 h) increased OLFM4 mRNA expression in HGC-27 cells.
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Nat Commun
Multi-antigen intranasal vaccine protects against challenge with sarbecoviruses and prevents transmission in hamsters. [Abstract]2024 Jul 23;15(1):6193. PMID: 39043645 -
Nat Commun
An intranasal nanoparticle STING agonist protects against respiratory viruses in animal models. [Abstract]2024 Jul 18;15(1):6053. PMID: 39025863 -
Cell Death Differ
STING directly interacts with PAR to promote apoptosis upon acute ionizing radiation-mediated DNA damage. [Abstract]2025 Jun;32(6):1167-1179. PMID: 39939798
cGAMP purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Differ. 2025 Jun;32(6):1167-1179. [Abstract]
cGAMP (0, 2, and 200 nM; 3 or 6 h) increased STING phosphorylation at 3 h with 200 nM, but not at 6 h in THP-1 cells.
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Self-Propelled In Situ Polymerized Nanoparticles Activating the STING Pathway for Enhanced Bladder Cancer Immunotherapy. [Abstract]2025 Mar 26:e2502750. PMID: 40135781 -
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Biomaterials
Regulating T-cell metabolic reprogramming and blocking PD-1 co-promote personalized postoperative autologous nanovaccines. [Abstract]2023 Jun:297:122104. PMID: 37058898 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Extracellular matrix-degrading STING nanoagonists for mild NIR-II photothermal-augmented chemodynamic-immunotherapy. [Abstract]2022 Jan 6;20(1):23. PMID: 34991618 -
J Exp Med
ERAdP facilitates biogenesis of dense core vesicles in Paneth cells to enhance intestinal defense. [Abstract]2026 Feb 2;223(2):e20251051. PMID: 41474967 -
Sci China Life Sci
Targeting STING oligomerization with licochalcone D ameliorates STING-driven inflammatory diseases. [Abstract]2024 Dec;67(12):2664-2677. PMID: 39190126 -
Chin Herb Med
Amplifying protection against acute lung injury: Targeting both inflammasome and cGAS-STING pathway by Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-Forsythiae Fructus drug pair. [Abstract]2024 Apr 30;16(3):422-434. PMID: 39072201 -
Cancer Immunol Res
FAM135B Deficiency Inhibits Cytotoxic T-Cell Activity in Triple-negative Breast Cancer by Blocking the IFI16-dependent STING Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Nov 11. PMID: 41218197 -
Cell Rep
2023 Apr 5;42(4):112328. PMID: 37027305 -
Biochem Pharmacol
2023 Jul:213:115618. PMID: 37211172 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Minimolide F alleviates inflammatory diseases by specifically targeting STING and blocking IRF3 recruitment. [Abstract]2026 May 1:176:116468. PMID: 41819671 -
Int Immunopharmacol
2025 Aug 6:164:115310. PMID: 40773895 -
Antiviral Res
Therapeutic intranasal delivery of NanoSTING provides broad protection against seasonal and highly pathogenic influenza strains. [Abstract]2026 Mar:247:106342. PMID: 41544777 -
J Biol Chem
Dynamic control of bacterial antiphage defense through the CdnG-Cap5 cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage pathway in Vibrio cholerae. [Abstract]2025 Dec 6;302(1):111021. PMID: 41360261 -
Vet Microbiol
Sec6 suppresses BoHV-1-triggered innate immunity through NDP52-mediated autophagic degradation of STING. [Abstract]2025 Dec 10:312:110836. PMID: 41406560 -
bioRxiv
It's Not Rewarding for Mitochondria: Dopamine-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Activates cGAS-STING to Drive IL-6 Secretion in Macrophages. [Abstract]2026 Apr 25:2026.04.23.719926. PMID: 42079251 -
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Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 180 mg/mL (266.90 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (278 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Wu J, et al. Cyclic GMP-AMP is an endogenous second messenger in innate immune signaling by cytosolic DNA. Science. 2013 Feb 15;339(6121):826-30. [Content Brief]
[2]. Skrnjug I, et al. Cyclic GMP-AMP displays mucosal adjuvant activity in mice. PLoS One. 2014 Oct 8;9(10):e110150. [Content Brief]
[3]. Liu Y, et al. Activated STING in a vascular and pulmonary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 7;371(6):507-18. [Content Brief]
[4]. Ablasser A, et al. Cell intrinsic immunity spreads to bystander cells via the intercellular transfer of cGAMP. Nature. 2013 Nov 28;503(7477):530-4. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 1.4828 mL | 7.4139 mL | 14.8278 mL | 37.0694 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2966 mL | 1.4828 mL | 2.9656 mL | 7.4139 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1483 mL | 0.7414 mL | 1.4828 mL | 3.7069 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.0989 mL | 0.4943 mL | 0.9885 mL | 2.4713 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0741 mL | 0.3707 mL | 0.7414 mL | 1.8535 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0593 mL | 0.2966 mL | 0.5931 mL | 1.4828 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0494 mL | 0.2471 mL | 0.4943 mL | 1.2356 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0371 mL | 0.1853 mL | 0.3707 mL | 0.9267 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0297 mL | 0.1483 mL | 0.2966 mL | 0.7414 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0247 mL | 0.1236 mL | 0.2471 mL | 0.6178 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0185 mL | 0.0927 mL | 0.1853 mL | 0.4634 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0148 mL | 0.0741 mL | 0.1483 mL | 0.3707 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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