cGAMP diammonium
Based on 27 publication(s) in Google Scholar
cGAMP (Cyclic GMP-AMP) diammonium functions as an endogenous second messenger in metazoans and triggers interferon production in response to cytosolic DNA. cGAMP diammonium activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which activates a signaling cascade leading to the production of type I interferons and other immune mediators.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 96.63%
- Formula: C20H30N12O13P2
- Molecular Weight:708.47
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Storage:
-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) cGAMP diammonium
More- Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Oct 1;10(1):321. [Abstract]
- Cancer Cell. 2026 Mar 9;44(3):658-675.e12. [Abstract]
- Cell. 2026 Mar 19;189(6):1748-1767.e26. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 May 23;16(1):4793. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 4;15(1):10543. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 23;15(1):6193. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 18;15(1):6053. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2025 Mar 4;19(8):8277-8293. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Jan 6;20(1):23. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jul;12(25):e2502750. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Differ. 2025 Jun;32(6):1167-1179. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2023 Jun:297:122104. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2022: 140190.
- J Exp Med. 2026 Feb 2;223(2):e20251051. [Abstract]
- Chin Herb Med. 2024 Apr 30;16(3):422-434. [Abstract]
- Sci China Life Sci. 2024 Dec;67(12):2664-2677. [Abstract]
- Cancer Immunol Res. 2025 Nov 11. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2023 Apr 5;42(4):112328. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2023 Jul:213:115618. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2026 May 1:176:116468. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Oct 30:164:115310. [Abstract]
- Antiviral Res. 2026 Mar:247:106342. [Abstract]
- J Biol Chem. 2025 Dec 6;302(1):111021. [Abstract]
- Vet Microbiol. 2026 Jan:312:110836. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Apr 25:2026.04.23.719926. [Abstract]
- Patent. US20210017607A1.
- bioRxiv. 2020 Jul.
Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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WB
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WB
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RT-PCR
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
cGAMP diammonium promotes the antigen-specific proliferation capacity of spleen cells in mice[2].
cGAMP diammonium directly activates murine and human dendritic cells in vitro[2].
On stimulation with cGAMP diammonium, fibroblasts from the patients showed increased transcription of IFNB1 but not of the genes encoding interleukin-1 (IL1), interleukin-6 (IL6), or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)[3].
cGAMP diammonium activates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident receptor STING, thereby inducing an antiviral state and the secretion of type I IFNs[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Female C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice 6-8 weeks old[2]
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Dosage:5 µg
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Administration:Nostril mucosal adjuvant
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Result:Higher titers of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgA and total IgG as well as IgG1 and IgG2c in the sera of mice immunized with cGAMP-adjuvanted OVA as compared to sera from OVA-immunized mice.
Chemical Information
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 708.47
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Formula C20H30N12O13P2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=P(O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2C=NC3=C2N=CN=C3N)O[C@@H]1COP4(O)=O)(O)OC[C@@H]5[C@@H](O4)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N6C=NC7=C6N=C(N)NC7=O)O5.N.N
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Synonyms
Cyclic GMP-AMP diammonium; 3',3'-cGAMP diammonium
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (27)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Signal Transduct Target Ther
Inhibition of long interspersed nuclear element-1 by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors attenuates vascular calcification. [Abstract]2025 Oct 1;10(1):321. PMID: 41027876
cGAMP diammonium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Oct 1;10(1):321. [Abstract]
cGAMP accelerated calcium deposition in VSMCs.
cGAMP diammonium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Oct 1;10(1):321. [Abstract]
cGAMP increased the calcium content in VSMCs.
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Cancer Cell
Chemotherapy triggers immune evasion by fostering LEPR+ Kupffer cell differentiation in liver metastases. [Abstract]2026 Mar 9;44(3):658-675.e12. PMID: 41687606 -
Cell
2026 Mar 19;189(6):1748-1767.e26. PMID: 41643675 -
Nat Commun
Oral ENPP1 inhibitor designed using generative AI as next generation STING modulator for solid tumors. [Abstract]2025 May 23;16(1):4793. PMID: 40410143 -
Nat Commun
Epstein-Barr virus infection upregulates extracellular OLFM4 to activate YAP signaling during gastric cancer progression. [Abstract]2024 Dec 4;15(1):10543. PMID: 39627192
cGAMP diammonium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 4;15(1):10543. [Abstract]
cGAMP (2.5 or 10 μM, 24 h) increased OLFM4 protein expression in HGC-27 cells.
cGAMP diammonium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 4;15(1):10543. [Abstract]
cGAMP (10 μM, 6, 12, and 24 h) increased OLFM4 mRNA expression in HGC-27 cells.
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Nat Commun
Multi-antigen intranasal vaccine protects against challenge with sarbecoviruses and prevents transmission in hamsters. [Abstract]2024 Jul 23;15(1):6193. PMID: 39043645 -
Nat Commun
An intranasal nanoparticle STING agonist protects against respiratory viruses in animal models. [Abstract]2024 Jul 18;15(1):6053. PMID: 39025863 -
ACS Nano
Universal STING Pathway-Activating Complexes Counteract Viral Immune Evasion and Boost Antiviral Responses. [Abstract]2025 Mar 4;19(8):8277-8293. PMID: 39988898 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Extracellular matrix-degrading STING nanoagonists for mild NIR-II photothermal-augmented chemodynamic-immunotherapy. [Abstract]2022 Jan 6;20(1):23. PMID: 34991618 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Self-Propelled In Situ Polymerized Nanoparticles Activating the STING Pathway for Enhanced Bladder Cancer Immunotherapy. [Abstract]2025 Jul;12(25):e2502750. PMID: 40135781 -
Cell Death Differ
STING directly interacts with PAR to promote apoptosis upon acute ionizing radiation-mediated DNA damage. [Abstract]2025 Jun;32(6):1167-1179. PMID: 39939798
cGAMP diammonium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Differ. 2025 Jun;32(6):1167-1179. [Abstract]
cGAMP (0, 2, and 200 nM; 3 or 6 h) increased STING phosphorylation at 3 h with 200 nM, but not at 6 h in THP-1 cells.
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Biomaterials
Regulating T-cell metabolic reprogramming and blocking PD-1 co-promote personalized postoperative autologous nanovaccines. [Abstract]2023 Jun:297:122104. PMID: 37058898 -
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J Exp Med
ERAdP facilitates biogenesis of dense core vesicles in Paneth cells to enhance intestinal defense. [Abstract]2026 Feb 2;223(2):e20251051. PMID: 41474967 -
Chin Herb Med
Amplifying protection against acute lung injury: Targeting both inflammasome and cGAS-STING pathway by Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-Forsythiae Fructus drug pair. [Abstract]2024 Apr 30;16(3):422-434. PMID: 39072201 -
Sci China Life Sci
Targeting STING oligomerization with licochalcone D ameliorates STING-driven inflammatory diseases. [Abstract]2024 Dec;67(12):2664-2677. PMID: 39190126 -
Cancer Immunol Res
FAM135B Deficiency Inhibits Cytotoxic T-Cell Activity in Triple-negative Breast Cancer by Blocking the IFI16-dependent STING Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Nov 11. PMID: 41218197 -
Cell Rep
2023 Apr 5;42(4):112328. PMID: 37027305 -
Biochem Pharmacol
2023 Jul:213:115618. PMID: 37211172 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Minimolide F alleviates inflammatory diseases by specifically targeting STING and blocking IRF3 recruitment. [Abstract]2026 May 1:176:116468. PMID: 41819671 -
Int Immunopharmacol
2025 Oct 30:164:115310. PMID: 40773895 -
Antiviral Res
Therapeutic intranasal delivery of NanoSTING provides broad protection against seasonal and highly pathogenic influenza strains. [Abstract]2026 Mar:247:106342. PMID: 41544777 -
J Biol Chem
Dynamic control of bacterial antiphage defense through the CdnG-Cap5 cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage pathway in Vibrio cholerae. [Abstract]2025 Dec 6;302(1):111021. PMID: 41360261 -
Vet Microbiol
Sec6 suppresses BoHV-1-triggered innate immunity through NDP52-mediated autophagic degradation of STING. [Abstract]2026 Jan:312:110836. PMID: 41406560 -
bioRxiv
It's Not Rewarding for Mitochondria: Dopamine-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Activates cGAS-STING to Drive IL-6 Secretion in Macrophages. [Abstract]2026 Apr 25:2026.04.23.719926. PMID: 42079251 -
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Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 100 mg/mL (141.15 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 33.33 mg/mL (47.05 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Wu J, et al. Cyclic GMP-AMP is an endogenous second messenger in innate immune signaling by cytosolic DNA. Science. 2013 Feb 15;339(6121):826-30. [Content Brief]
[2]. Skrnjug I, et al. Cyclic GMP-AMP displays mucosal adjuvant activity in mice. PLoS One. 2014 Oct 8;9(10):e110150. [Content Brief]
[3]. Ablasser A, et al. Cell intrinsic immunity spreads to bystander cells via the intercellular transfer of cGAMP. Nature. 2013 Nov 28;503(7477):530-4. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| H2O | 1 mM | 1.4115 mL | 7.0575 mL | 14.1149 mL | 35.2873 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2823 mL | 1.4115 mL | 2.8230 mL | 7.0575 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1411 mL | 0.7057 mL | 1.4115 mL | 3.5287 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.0941 mL | 0.4705 mL | 0.9410 mL | 2.3525 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0706 mL | 0.3529 mL | 0.7057 mL | 1.7644 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0565 mL | 0.2823 mL | 0.5646 mL | 1.4115 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0470 mL | 0.2352 mL | 0.4705 mL | 1.1762 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0353 mL | 0.1764 mL | 0.3529 mL | 0.8822 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0282 mL | 0.1411 mL | 0.2823 mL | 0.7057 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0235 mL | 0.1176 mL | 0.2352 mL | 0.5881 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0176 mL | 0.0882 mL | 0.1764 mL | 0.4411 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0141 mL | 0.0706 mL | 0.1411 mL | 0.3529 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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