2. Apoptosis Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. TNF Receptor Interleukin Related Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Apoptosis Caspase Bcl-2 Family Reactive Oxygen Species
  4. L6H21

L6H21, a Chalcone (HY-121054) derivative, is an orally active, potent and specific myeloid differentiation 2 (MD-2) inhibitor. L6H21 directly binds to MD-2 protein with a high affinity and low KD value of 33.3 μM, blocking the formation of the LPS-TLR4/MD-2 complex. L6H21 inhibits LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 6.58 and 8.59 μM, respectively. L6H21 can be used for alcoholic liver disease, metabolic disturbance and neuroinflammation research.

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L6H21 Chemical Structure

L6H21 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 24533-47-9

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

L6H21 Related Antibodies

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Description

L6H21, a Chalcone (HY-121054) derivative, is an orally active, potent and specific myeloid differentiation 2 (MD-2) inhibitor. L6H21 directly binds to MD-2 protein with a high affinity and low KD value of 33.3 μM, blocking the formation of the LPS-TLR4/MD-2 complex. L6H21 inhibits LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 6.58 and 8.59 μM, respectively. L6H21 can be used for alcoholic liver disease, metabolic disturbance and neuroinflammation research[1][2][3].

IC50 & Target

IL-6

8.59 μM (IC50)

TLR4

 

NF-κB

 

NLRP3 inflammasome

 

IL-1β

 

Caspase 3

 

Bcl-2

 

Bax

 

In Vitro

L6H21 (10 μM, 2 h) inhibits EtOH + LPS-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial damage in RAW264.7 cells[1].
L6H21 (10 μM, 2 h) attenuates EtOH + LPS-induced ROS formation and TLR4–NF-κB activation, and decreases NLRP3 inflammasome activation[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

L6H21 Related Antibodies

Apoptosis Analysis[1]

Cell Line: RAW264.7 cells (mouse macrophage cell line)
Concentration: 10 μM
Incubation Time: 2 hours
Result: Markedly decreased apoptotic cell numbers; completely inhibited EtOH + LPS-induced increase in Bax/Bcl-2; markedly decreased EtOH + LPS-induced elevation in cleaved caspase-3 protein.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: RAW264.7 cells (mouse macrophage cell line)
Concentration: 10 μM
Incubation Time: 2 hours
Result: Reduced EtOH + LPS-induced TLR4–NF-κB signaling; completely inhibited the increase in TLR4 and NF-κB p65 nuclear level induced by EtOH and LPS. Attenuated EtOH + LPS-induced expression of NLRP3 inflammasome; inhibited the elevated NLRP3 and IL-1β protein expression; decreased the expression of p20, an active form of caspase-1.

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: RAW264.7 cells (mouse macrophage cell line)
Concentration: 10 and 20 μM
Incubation Time: 2 hours
Result: The loss of cell viability by EtOH + LPS was prevented by L6H21 pretreatment. Slightly decreased cell viability a higher dose of 20 μM.
In Vivo

L6H21 (10 mg/kg, Oral gavage, daily) effectively inhibits EtOH + LPS-induced hepatic fat accumulation, hepatic steatosis and liver injury[1].
L6H21 (0-40 mg/kg, Orally, daily for 4 weeks) attenuates metabolic disturbance, restores cognition and attenuates brain pathologies dose and time-dependently in HFD-fed rats, and shows neuroprotective effect in a model of prediabetes[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male C57BL6 mice (8-10 weeks old, n = 36, 8 mice in each group, 25-30 g, with EtOH and LPS)[1]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage, daily, before EtOH feeding
Result: Decreased hepatic triglyceride (TG) concentration, markedly decreased serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels; Significantly decreased inflammation in liver tissue induced by EtOH + LPS.
Animal Model: Male Wistar rats (6-7 weeks old, 250 g, a normal diet (ND) (n=8) or a high-fat diet (HFD) (n=104) for 16 weeks)[2]
Dosage: 0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg
Administration: Orally, daily for 1, 2 or 4 weeks
Result: Ameliorated brain mitochondrial dysfunction in HFD-fed rats at 2-week administration time point; improved brain mitochondrial function in a dose-dependent manner for 4 weeks. Reduced hippocampal apoptosis in prediabetes for 4 weeks. Attenuated the reduction of dendritic spine volume and density for 4 weeks. Preserved microglial morphology in a dose-dependent manner.
Molecular Weight

298.34

Formula

C18H18O4
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C(C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1)/C=C/C2=CC=CC(OC)=C2OC.[(E)]
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (335.19 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.3519 mL 16.7594 mL 33.5188 mL
5 mM 0.6704 mL 3.3519 mL 6.7038 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (8.38 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a clear solution of 2.5 mg/mL.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (8.38 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a clear solution of 2.5 mg/mL. If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.3519 mL 16.7594 mL 33.5188 mL 83.7970 mL
5 mM 0.6704 mL 3.3519 mL 6.7038 mL 16.7594 mL
10 mM 0.3352 mL 1.6759 mL 3.3519 mL 8.3797 mL
15 mM 0.2235 mL 1.1173 mL 2.2346 mL 5.5865 mL
20 mM 0.1676 mL 0.8380 mL 1.6759 mL 4.1899 mL
25 mM 0.1341 mL 0.6704 mL 1.3408 mL 3.3519 mL
30 mM 0.1117 mL 0.5586 mL 1.1173 mL 2.7932 mL
40 mM 0.0838 mL 0.4190 mL 0.8380 mL 2.0949 mL
50 mM 0.0670 mL 0.3352 mL 0.6704 mL 1.6759 mL
60 mM 0.0559 mL 0.2793 mL 0.5586 mL 1.3966 mL
80 mM 0.0419 mL 0.2095 mL 0.4190 mL 1.0475 mL
100 mM 0.0335 mL 0.1676 mL 0.3352 mL 0.8380 mL
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L6H21 Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

L6H2124533-47-9TNF ReceptorInterleukin RelatedToll-like Receptor (TLR)NF-κBNOD-like Receptor (NLR)ApoptosisCaspaseBcl-2 FamilyReactive Oxygen SpeciesTumor Necrosis Factor ReceptorTNFRILNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBAlcoholic Liver DiseaseLipopolysaccharideNLRP3 Inflammasomeneuroinflammationmetabolic disturbanceobesityRAW264.7MD-2myeloid differentiation factor 2cognitive deficitsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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