Cat. No.: HY-17380

(S)-Timolol maleate

(Synonyms: (S)-L-714,465 maleate; MK 950)

6 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar

(S)-Timolol Maleate (L-714,465 Maleate) is a non-cardioselective hydrophilic β-adrenoceptor blocker. (S)-Timolol Maleate is widely used as standard medication for intraocular pressure (glaucoma) by preventing the production of aqueous humor. (S)-Timolol Maleate can be used for hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.80%
CAS No.: 26921-17-5
Formula: C₁₇H₂₈N₄O₇S
Molecular Weight:432.49

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

(S)-Timolol maleate Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 26921-17-5

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Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (6)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

β adrenergic receptor

All Adrenergic Receptor Isoforms :

In Vitro

Timolol maleate represents a chiral compound with one asymmetric carbon in its structure. Single isomer, (S)-enantiomer, is a non-cardioselective β-adrenergic blocker. Its commonest application is in topical treatment of increasing intraocular pressure in patients with chronic open angle glaucoma and also in aphakic patients^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

There are reports that indicate lower biological activity of (R)-isomer compared to (S)-isomer. Namely, (R)-timolol is 49 times less potent than (S)-timolol on β-adrenoceptor in animals, 13 times less potent in constricting the airways of normal subjects^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 26921-17-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 432.49
Formula C₁₇H₂₈N₄O₇S
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O[C@H](COC1=NSN=C1N2CCOCC2)CNC(C)(C)C.O=C(O)/C=C\C(O)=O
Synonyms

(S)-L-714,465 maleate; MK 950
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (6)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayIn Vivo Efficacy StudyCell Imaging/StainingHistological Imaging/StainingIFWB

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Journal Impact Factor

Adv Mater

Colloid-Forming Prodrug-Hydrogel Composite Prolongs Lower Intraocular Pressure in Rodent Eyes after Subconjunctival Injection. [Abstract]

2025 Feb;37(8):e2419306. PMID: 39763100

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Mater. 2025 Feb;37(8):e2419306. [Abstract]

Live-cell percentages were assessed by calcein-AM and Hoechst staining in hTCEpi cells after treatment with Timolol maleate ((S)-Timolol Maleate; 0.137% w/v; 24 h). The Timolol maleate group showed a significantly lower percentage of live cells.

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Mater. 2025 Feb;37(8):e2419306. [Abstract]

IOP was monitored over 24 h and 56 d in rats after a single subconjunctival injection of soluble Timolol maleate ((S)-Timolol Maleate; 0.137% w/v, 30 μL). Timolol maleate significantly reduced IOP at 6 h, but the effect was no longer significant at 24 h.
Adv Funct Mater

2026 Jun 11.

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Funct Mater. 2026 Jun 11.

IOP was monitored in New Zealand white rabbits after a single subconjunctival injection of (S)-timolol maleate solution or DSGS-T (DSGS loaded with (S)-timolol maleate) (Timolol maleate; both 1 mg/mL, 0.1 mL per eye; single dose). Timolol maleate and DSGS-T significantly decreased IOP compared with saline.
Protein Cell

Identification of serotonin 2A receptor as a novel HCV entry factor by a chemical biology strategy. [Abstract]

2019 Mar;10(3):178-195. PMID: 29542010

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Protein Cell. 2019 Mar;10(3):178-195. [Abstract]

Cell viability was assessed in Huh7.5.1 cells after treatment with (S)-timolol maleate ((S)-timolol; 10 μM; 48 h) and expressed relative to 0.5% DMSO-treated control cells.
Redox Biol

Oxidative stress promotes lipid-laden macrophage formation via CYP1B1. [Abstract]

2025 Feb:79:103481. PMID: 39721495
Mater Today Bio

Transdermal delivery of timolol maleate using hydrogel microneedles for the treatment of infantile haemangiomas. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 12:32:101752. PMID: 40290897

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mater Today Bio. 2025 Apr 12:32:101752. [Abstract]

Live-dead cell staining demonstrates the effects of different timolol maleate ((S)-Timolol maleate,TIM; 600-1500 μM; 24 h) concentrations on the cell morphology of 3D-cultured HemECs. Compared to control group, TIM-treated HemECs showed the disappearance of filopodia, exhibited a rounded shape, and had a significant reduction in cell count.

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mater Today Bio. 2025 Apr 12:32:101752. [Abstract]

Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 in 3D-cultured HemECs after treatment with Timolol maleate ((S)-Timolol maleate,TIM; 600-1500 μM; 24 h) and in 2D-cultured HemECs after treatment with TIM (10-10000 mM; 24 or 48 h). TIM inhibited HemEC growth in a concentration-dependent manner.

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mater Today Bio. 2025 Apr 12:32:101752. [Abstract]

Hemangioma appearance and volume were evaluated in mouse with haemangiomas and tumour grafts after treatment for 2 weeks with Free TIM ((S)-Timolol maleate; 0.5%, 40 μL/cm²; topical administration; three times daily) or BSAMA-TIM-MNs (9 mg/mL; transdermal microneedles; replaced every 3 d). BSAMA-TIM-MNs controlled hemangioma volume more effectively than Free TIM or blank microneedles and produced a decreasing trend in hemangioma size.

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mater Today Bio. 2025 Apr 12:32:101752. [Abstract]

H&E staining of hemangiomas from mouse with haemangiomas and tumour grafts after treatment for 2 weeks with Free TIM ((S)-Timolol maleate; 0.5%, 40 μL/cm²; topical administration; three times daily) or BSAMA-TIM-MNs (9 mg/mL; transdermal microneedles; replaced every 3 d). H & E staining of the haemangioma tissue revealed a reduced number of microvessels in the BSAMA-TIM-MNs group compared to those in the other three groups.

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mater Today Bio. 2025 Apr 12:32:101752. [Abstract]

GLUT-1 immunofluorescence staining and fluorescence intensity in mouse with haemangiomas and tumour grafts after treatment for 2 weeks with Free TIM ((S)-Timolol maleate; 0.5%, 40 μL/cm²; topical administration; three times daily) or BSAMA-TIM-MNs (9 mg/mL; transdermal microneedles; replaced every 3 d). The fluorescence intensity of GLUT-1 was weaker after treatment with BSAMA-TIM-MNs than in the other three groups.

(S)-Timolol maleate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mater Today Bio. 2025 Apr 12:32:101752. [Abstract]

GLUT-1 expression was examined by western blotting in mouse with haemangiomas and tumour grafts after treatment for 2 weeks with Free TIM ((S)-Timolol maleate; 0.5%, 40 μL/cm²; topical administration; three times daily) or BSAMA-TIM-MNs (9 mg/mL; transdermal microneedles; replaced every 3 d). GLUT-1 expression was reduced by treatment with BSAMA-TIM-MNs and Free TIM.
Patent

US20230090708A1.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (231.22 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 50 mg/mL (115.61 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.3122 mL

11.5610 mL

23.1219 mL

5 mM

0.4624 mL

2.3122 mL

4.6244 mL

10 mM

0.2312 mL

1.1561 mL

2.3122 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.78 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.78 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.78 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 20 mg/mL (46.24 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (418 KB)
- English - EN (418 KB)
- Français - FR (418 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (418 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (418 KB)
- Español - ES (418 KB)
- Swedish - SV (418 KB)
- Italian - IT (418 KB)
- Korean - KR (418 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (418 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Mitrović M, et al. Analytical quality by design development of an ecologically acceptable enantioselective HPLC method for timolol maleate enantiomeric purity testing on ovomucoid chiral stationary phase. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2020 Feb 20;180:113034. [Content Brief]

[2]. Wedian F, et al. Simultaneous spectrofluorometric analysis of tablets containing hydrochlorothiazide combined with timolol maleate or amiloride hydrochloride. Acta Pharm. 2020 Sep 1;70(3):373-385. [Content Brief]

[3]. Sun L, et al. Fractional 2940-nm Er:YAG Laser-Assisted Drug Delivery of Timolol Maleate for the Treatment of Deep Infantile Hemangioma. J Dermatolog Treat. 2020 Feb 11:1-24. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	2.3122 mL	11.5610 mL	23.1219 mL	57.8048 mL
	5 mM	0.4624 mL	2.3122 mL	4.6244 mL	11.5610 mL
	10 mM	0.2312 mL	1.1561 mL	2.3122 mL	5.7805 mL
	15 mM	0.1541 mL	0.7707 mL	1.5415 mL	3.8537 mL
	20 mM	0.1156 mL	0.5780 mL	1.1561 mL	2.8902 mL
	25 mM	0.0925 mL	0.4624 mL	0.9249 mL	2.3122 mL
	30 mM	0.0771 mL	0.3854 mL	0.7707 mL	1.9268 mL
	40 mM	0.0578 mL	0.2890 mL	0.5780 mL	1.4451 mL
	50 mM	0.0462 mL	0.2312 mL	0.4624 mL	1.1561 mL
	60 mM	0.0385 mL	0.1927 mL	0.3854 mL	0.9634 mL
	80 mM	0.0289 mL	0.1445 mL	0.2890 mL	0.7226 mL
	100 mM	0.0231 mL	0.1156 mL	0.2312 mL	0.5780 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

(S)-Timolol maleate

6 Cited Publications

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(S)-Timolol maleate

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) (S)-Timolol maleate

All Adrenergic Receptor Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (6)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

(S)-Timolol maleate Related Classifications

HY-17380 Related Classifications