GPR109B

Isoforms Recommended:	HCAR3

By Targets:	GPR109A (4) Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (2) Endogenous Metabolite (5) Reference Standards (3) Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) (3)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (2) Cardiovascular Disease (3) Infection (2) Inflammation/Immunology (1) Metabolic Disease (4)
Oligonucleotides:	Rat Pre-designed siRNA Sets (1) Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Sets (1) Human Pre-designed siRNA Sets (1) siRNAs (3)

Targets Recommended: GPR39 G2A (GPR132) EBI2/GPR183 GPR84 Kisspeptin Receptor Succinate Receptor 1 GPR55 GPR88 GPR171 GPR35 GPR119 GPR4 GPR139 GPR6 GPR65 GPR52 GPR68 GPR109A MCHR1 (GPR24) CX3CR1 Neuropeptide S Receptor

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-W014502

D-Kynurenine	Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, *GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)* .

HY-Y0079

D-Phenylalanine	Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
D-Phenylalanine is an atypical D-amino acid and an inhibitor of bacterial biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine mainly replaces D-alanine (D-Ala) by incorporating into the fourth and fifth positions of bacterial peptidoglycan (PG), changing the cell wall structure, enhancing bacterial acid resistance and affecting biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine may promote the secretion of peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) in mammals by activating the intestinal GPR109B receptor. D-Phenylalanine can inhibit the maturation of microbial biofilms and promote the release of specific hormones. It can be used for antibacterial preservation, improving the yield of probiotics in the food industry, and studying appetite regulation and blood sugar control in metabolic diseases such as diabetes .

HY-107580

GPR109 receptor agonist-1	GPR109A	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
GPR109 receptor agonist-1 is a highly selective agonist of the human orphan G protein-coupled receptor *GPR109b, and does not activate the mouse homologous receptor PUMA-G. GPR109* receptor agonist-1 functionally modulates the human *GPR109b* receptor via the cAMP signaling pathway, with an EC₅₀ of 400 nM. GPR109 receptor agonist-1 inhibits isoproterenol (HY-B0468)-stimulated lipolysis in human subcutaneous adipocytes, with efficacy comparable to that of Niacin (HY-B0143), and does not act on β-adrenergic receptors. GPR109 receptor agonist-1 can be used in studies related to dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis .

HY-113058

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

HY-107579

Acifran AY 25712	GPR109A	Cardiovascular Disease
Acifran (AY 25712), an antihyperlipidemic agent, is an orally active agonist of GPR109A (HM74A) and GPR109B, the high and low affinity receptors for Niacin .

HY-47823

GPCR agonist-2	GPR109A	Metabolic Disease
GPCR agonist-2 (Compound 5j) is a GPCR *GPR109b* (HM74) agonist, with a pEC₅₀ value of 6.51. GPCR agonist-2 can be used for research of lipid disorders .

HY-W014502R

D-Kynurenine (Standard)	Reference Standards Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
D-Kynurenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Kynurenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, *GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)* .

HY-113058R

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards	Infection Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid (HY-113058). 3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet.

HY-RS06041

HCAR3 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)	Others
HCAR3 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for HCAR3 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

HCAR3 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A HCAR3 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A

HY-RS06040

Hcar2 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)	Others
Hcar2 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Hcar2 gene (Rat), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

Hcar2 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A Hcar2 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A

HY-RS06039

Hcar2 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)	Others
Hcar2 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Hcar2 gene (Mouse), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

Hcar2 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A Hcar2 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A

HY-107579R

Acifran (Standard) AY 25712 (Standard)	Reference Standards GPR109A	Cardiovascular Disease
(2S,5R,6R)-Ticarcillin (disodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of (2S,5R,6R)-Ticarcillin (disodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (2S,5R,6R)-Ticarcillin disodium is an injectable antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is also one of the few antibiotics capable of treating Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-113058

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid	Biochemical Assay Reagents
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid

Biochemical Assay Reagents

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-W014502

D-Kynurenine	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer	Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, *GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)* .

HY-Y0079

D-Phenylalanine	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
D-Phenylalanine is an atypical D-amino acid and an inhibitor of bacterial biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine mainly replaces D-alanine (D-Ala) by incorporating into the fourth and fifth positions of bacterial peptidoglycan (PG), changing the cell wall structure, enhancing bacterial acid resistance and affecting biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine may promote the secretion of peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) in mammals by activating the intestinal GPR109B receptor. D-Phenylalanine can inhibit the maturation of microbial biofilms and promote the release of specific hormones. It can be used for antibacterial preservation, improving the yield of probiotics in the food industry, and studying appetite regulation and blood sugar control in metabolic diseases such as diabetes .

HY-113058

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid	Microorganisms Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

HY-107579

Acifran AY 25712	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	GPR109A
Acifran (AY 25712), an antihyperlipidemic agent, is an orally active agonist of GPR109A (HM74A) and GPR109B, the high and low affinity receptors for Niacin .

HY-W014502R

D-Kynurenine (Standard)	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
D-Kynurenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Kynurenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-kynurenine, a metabolite of D-tryptophan, can serve as the bioprecursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine. D-Kynurenine is an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor, *GPR109B. D-Kynurenine is a substrate in a fluorometric assay of D-amino acid oxidase. D-kynurenine promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)* .

HY-107579R

Acifran (Standard) AY 25712 (Standard)	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards GPR109A
(2S,5R,6R)-Ticarcillin (disodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of (2S,5R,6R)-Ticarcillin (disodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (2S,5R,6R)-Ticarcillin disodium is an injectable antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is also one of the few antibiotics capable of treating Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections.

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-RS06041

HCAR3 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A		siRNAs Human Pre-designed siRNA Sets
HCAR3 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for HCAR3 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

HY-RS06040

Hcar2 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A		siRNAs Rat Pre-designed siRNA Sets
Hcar2 Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Hcar2 gene (Rat), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

HY-RS06039

Hcar2 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A		siRNAs Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Sets
Hcar2 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Hcar2 gene (Mouse), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

MCE Japan Authorized Agent ナミキ商事株式会社コスモ・バイオ株式会社重松貿易株式会社
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GPR109B

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