D-Histidine
Based on 1 Customer Validation
D-Histidine is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu2+).
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.84%
- CAS No.: 351-50-8
- Formula: C6H9N3O2
- Molecular Weight:155.16
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
D-Histidine (100 mM; 24 h) significantly inhibited biofilm formation and promoted the disintegration of mature biofilm in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm formation experiment. Crystal violet staining and laser confocal microscopy showed that the amount of biofilm was reduced by about 55%[1].
D-Histidine (100 nM-100 mM; 24 h) downregulated RhlI/RhlR gene expression in a concentration-dependent manner in the quorum sensing (QS)-related gene expression experiment. At 100 mM, the expression levels of RhlI and RhlR genes decreased by about 80% and 90%, respectively[1].
D-Histidine (2.5 mM) increases the production of di-alanine by 14-22 times compared to the absence of catalyst; for the lysine system, D-Histidine increases the catalytic effect about 2-3 times[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
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Concentration:0 mM, 100 nM, 10 µM, 1 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:High concentrations (50-100 mM) significantly reduced bacterial motility. Swarming motility diameter decreased by 68% and swimming motility by 81% at 100 mM, indicating impaired movement on semi-solid agar media.
In the rat cryoinjury model, only L-histidine (HY-N0832) (100 mg/kg; intravenous injection; injection 30 min before injury) has singlet oxygen scavenger activity compared with D-histidine, and L-histidine reduces brain edema in rats after cryoinjury[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Rats cryogenic injury model[3]
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Dosage:Both L-histidine and D-histidine were 100 mg/kg
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Administration:Intravenously at 30 minutes before lesion production
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Result:Had no effect on rectal and brain temperature.
L-histidine but not D-histidine significantly attenuated BE following cryogenic injury.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 351-50-8
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 155.16
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Formula C6H9N3O2
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Color White to light yellow
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SMILES
OC([C@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1)=O
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
1 M HCl : ≥ 100 mg/mL (644.51 mM)
H2O : 44.44 mg/mL (286.42 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 7 with 1 M HCl)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (276 KB)
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SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Zhang H, et al. D-histidine combated biofilm formation and enhanced the effect of amikacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. Arch Microbiol. 2024 Mar 11;206(4):148. [Content Brief]
[2]. Fitz D, et al. The catalytic effect of L- and D-histidine on alanine and lysine peptide formation. J Inorg Biochem. 2008 Dec;102(12):2097-102. [Content Brief]
[3]. Ikeda Y, et al. L-histidine but not D-histidine attenuates brain edema following cryogenic injury in rats. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2000;76:195-7. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| H2O / 1 M HCl | 1 mM | 6.4451 mL | 32.2254 mL | 64.4508 mL | 161.1271 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.2890 mL | 6.4451 mL | 12.8902 mL | 32.2254 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6445 mL | 3.2225 mL | 6.4451 mL | 16.1127 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.4297 mL | 2.1484 mL | 4.2967 mL | 10.7418 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3223 mL | 1.6113 mL | 3.2225 mL | 8.0564 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.2578 mL | 1.2890 mL | 2.5780 mL | 6.4451 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2148 mL | 1.0742 mL | 2.1484 mL | 5.3709 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1611 mL | 0.8056 mL | 1.6113 mL | 4.0282 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1289 mL | 0.6445 mL | 1.2890 mL | 3.2225 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1074 mL | 0.5371 mL | 1.0742 mL | 2.6855 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0806 mL | 0.4028 mL | 0.8056 mL | 2.0141 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0645 mL | 0.3223 mL | 0.6445 mL | 1.6113 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
D-Histidine Related Classifications
HY-W012572 Related Classifications
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