Vidarabine phosphate
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Vidarabine phosphate (ara-AMP; ara-A 5'-monophosphate) is a purine nucleoside antiviral agent and a prodrug of Vidarabine (HY-B0277). Vidarabine phosphate is rapidly converted into the antiviral active Vidarabine in vivo, which selectively inhibits viral DNA polymerase and cellular ribonucleotide reductase, thereby blocking viral replication. Vidarabine phosphate also exhibits antifungal activity, induces late-stage cellular apoptosis, and causes cell cycle arrest. Vidarabine phosphate can be used in research related to severe chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, herpes infection, and candidiasis.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.44%
- CAS No.: 29984-33-6
- Formula: C10H14N5O7P
- Molecular Weight:347.22
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
Vidarabine (18-1200 μg/mL; 48 h) exhibits bactericidal activity against Candida albicans, with an MIC50 and MFC of 150 μg/mL and 300 μg/mL, respectively[3].
Vidarabine (150-300 μg/mL; 4-24 h) induces intracellular ROS accumulation, nuclear pyknosis, late-stage apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in Candida albicans cells, and reduces their ergosterol content[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:Candida albicans cells
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Concentration:150 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Induced programmed cell death (apoptosis) in Candida albicans.
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Cell Line:Candida albicans cells
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Concentration:150 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:4 h
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Result:Caused the cells to undergo arrest (stall) at the G2/M phase, thereby preventing cell division.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:CDR-CRL (male and female, 2 days old at study initiation)[2]
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Dosage:25-400 mg/kg
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Administration:i.p.; daily; 5 days
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Result:Exhibited body weight gains comparable to untreated controls over the study period.
Showed delayed ventral injection-site hair growth measuring 2 cm2 (400 mg/kg group), 0.5 cm2 (100 mg/kg group), and an intermediate size (200 mg/kg group), first evident at 10 days and resolved by 16 days.
Displayed poorly developed hair follicles, adnexal glands, and mild dermal hypoplasia in injection-site skin 7 days after observation initiation, with no such changes at 5, 19, or 33 days.
Had no visceral lesions detected at necropsy at any interval, and no significant changes in absolute liver, brain, cerebellum, or kidney weights.
Showed mild cerebellar folia hypoplasia with an indistinct Purkinje cell layer in one 25 mg/kg female rat at 5 days, with no other histopathologic changes in brain, eye, liver, or kidney across all groups.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 29984-33-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 347.22
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Formula C10H14N5O7P
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
NC1=C(N=CN2[C@H]3[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(O)=O)O3)C2=NC=N1
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Synonyms
ara-AMP; ara-A 5'-monophosphate
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 16.67 mg/mL (48.01 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 4.9 mg/mL (14.11 mM; ultrasonic and warming and adjust pH to 7 with NaOH and heat to 60°C)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (4.81 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (16.7 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (4.81 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (16.7 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Flow cytometric DNA-content cell-cycle staining
Flow cytometric DNA-content cell-cycle staining measures the fluorescence intensity of DNA-bound fluorochromes in single cells or nuclei to estimate DNA content distributions, allowing assignment of populations to G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases by DNA histogram deconvolution. Propidium iodide (PI) intercalates into DNA, and PI fluorescence is proportional to cellular DNA content when staining is performed under conditions that make DNA accessible and minimize non-DNA signal. Cells with G2/M DNA content are expected to show approximately twice the fluorescence intensity of G0/G1 cells, while S-phase cells occupy intermediate fluorescence values. PI-based DNA-content analysis can also detect cells with fractional DNA content, often reported as sub-G1, when DNA fragmentation and extraction during staining reduce retained DNA signal in apoptotic cells. DAPI is an alternative DNA fluorochrome for univariate DNA-content analysis, while bivariate approaches combining DNA content with proliferation
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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BrdU Incorporation Assay
Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay is based on the principle that BrdU, a thymidine analog, is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle, thereby serving as a marker of DNA replication and cellular proliferation. Incorporated BrdU can be detected using anti-BrdU antibodies following DNA denaturation, enabling visualization or quantification of proliferating cells through immunochemical detection methods such as immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Protocol for Cell Cycle
Cell-cycle analysis by flow cytometry measures DNA content in single cells to estimate the fraction of cells in G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases. Propidium iodide intercalates into DNA, and after RNA removal with RNase, fluorescence intensity reflects cellular DNA content: 2N cells are assigned to G0/G1, cells between 2N and 4N to S phase, and 4N cells to G2/M. DNA-content analysis alone cannot reliably separate G0 from G1 or G2 from M. Ki-67 can distinguish quiescent G0 cells from cycling cells, EdU or BrdU incorporation marks active DNA synthesis in S phase, and phospho-histone H3 staining identifies mitotic cells within the 4N population.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (282 KB)
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SDS (419 KB)
- English - EN (419 KB)
- Français - FR (419 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (419 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (419 KB)
- Español - ES (419 KB)
- Swedish - SV (419 KB)
- Italian - IT (419 KB)
- Korean - KR (419 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (419 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Kimura H, et al. Vidarabine therapy for severe chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2001;23(5):294-299. [Content Brief]
[3]. Gavandi TC, et al. Vidarabine as a novel antifungal agent against Candida albicans: insights on mechanism of action. Int Microbiol. 2025;28(3):589-602. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 2.8800 mL | 14.4001 mL | 28.8002 mL | 72.0005 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5760 mL | 2.8800 mL | 5.7600 mL | 14.4001 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2880 mL | 1.4400 mL | 2.8800 mL | 7.2000 mL | |
| DMSO | 15 mM | 0.1920 mL | 0.9600 mL | 1.9200 mL | 4.8000 mL |
| 20 mM | 0.1440 mL | 0.7200 mL | 1.4400 mL | 3.6000 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1152 mL | 0.5760 mL | 1.1520 mL | 2.8800 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0960 mL | 0.4800 mL | 0.9600 mL | 2.4000 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0720 mL | 0.3600 mL | 0.7200 mL | 1.8000 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Vidarabine phosphate Related Classifications
HY-B0277A Related Classifications
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Keywords
- Vidarabine
- 29984-33-6
- ara-AMP
- ara-A 5'-monophosphate
- EBV
- HSV
- Fungal
- DNA/RNA Synthesis
- Apoptosis
- Drug Intermediate
- Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
- viral DNA polymerase
- caspofungin
- fluconazole
- Candida albicans
- candidiasis
- natural killer cells
- Epstein-Barr virus
- neonatal rats
- NK cell-type severe chronic active EBV infection
- cellular ribonucleotide reductase
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit