3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1)
Based on 18 publication(s) in Google Scholar
3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1) is a lathyrogen which inhibits crosslinking of collagen.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.96%
- CAS No.: 2079-89-2
- Formula: C4H4O4.2C3H6N2
- Molecular Weight:256.26
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocol
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) 3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1)
More- Nat Nanotechnol. 2026 Jun;21(6):880-891. [Abstract]
- Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025 Aug 27;14(1):111. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2024 Oct:76:103346. [Abstract]
- Environ Sci Technol. 2025 Mar 21. [Abstract]
- Europace. 2026 Mar 30;28(4):euag047. [Abstract]
- Dev Cell. 2025 Aug 5:S1534-5807(25)00448-4. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Aug 12;44(8):116126. [Abstract]
- Redox Rep. 2025 Dec;30(1):2598110. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2025 Jul 5;8(1):1009. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2026 Jul 1:180:116678. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2026 Jun 16;27(12):5431. [Abstract]
- Inflammation. 2026 May 12.
- Sci Rep. 2025 May 6;15(1):15762. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 30;14(1):9960. [Abstract]
- J Inflamm Res. 2025 Aug 22:18:11521-11538. [Abstract]
- Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2024 Nov 27;29(12):401. [Abstract]
- Rofo. 2026 May 6. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2025 May 28.
Customer Validation & Images
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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WB
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Cell Migration/Invasion Assay
Biological Activity
Collagen[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 2079-89-2
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 256.26
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Formula C4H4O4.2C3H6N2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
NCCC#N.OC(/C=C/C(O)=O)=O.NCCC#N
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Synonyms
Di-β-aminopropionitrile fumarate; β-Aminopropionitrile fumarate; β-Ammoniumpropionitrile hemifumarate
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (18)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nat Nanotechnol
2026 Jun;21(6):880-891. PMID: 42286217 -
Exp Hematol Oncol
Extracellular matrix stiffness reduces DNA 6 ma level to facilitate colorectal cancer progression via disrupting P53 binding to CDKN1A promoter. [Abstract]2025 Aug 27;14(1):111. PMID: 40867005
3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025 Aug 27;14(1):111. [Abstract]
The BAPN (50 mg/kg; once every two days for four weeks; ip) treatment process for orthotopic xenograft mice model.
3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025 Aug 27;14(1):111. [Abstract]
Western blot of vimentin, E-cadherin, CDKN1A in PBS-treated xenografts and BAPN (50 mg/kg; once every two days for four weeks; ip) -treated xenografts, using GAPDH as a control.
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Redox Biol
LOX-mediated ECM mechanical stress induces Piezo1 activation in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and identification of novel inhibitor of LOX. [Abstract]2024 Oct:76:103346. PMID: 39260063
3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Oct:76:103346. [Abstract]
Morphology of cerebral edema in sham, HIBD and BAPN intervention groups (100 mg/kg/ip/day) at 72 h post-surgery.
3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Oct:76:103346. [Abstract]
Cell viability of BAPN (500 nM)-treated OGD/R-induced HT22 cells at 0 h, 12 h and 24 h after reoxygenation.
3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Oct:76:103346. [Abstract]
Representative TEM images of mitochondrial morphology in BAPN (500 nM) -incubated HT22 cells under OGD/R-induced conditions. Green arrows indicate normally shaped mitochondria, black arrows indicate damaged mitochondria.
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Environ Sci Technol
Exposure to Sodium p-Perfluorous Nonenoxybenzenesulfonate Induces Renal Fibrosis in Mice by Disrupting Lysine Metabolism. [Abstract]2025 Mar 21. PMID: 40116701 -
Europace
Fto-mediated m6A demethylation of Lox drives atrial fibrosis and promotes atrial fibrillation in a murine model of hyperthyroidism. [Abstract]2026 Mar 30;28(4):euag047. PMID: 41812233 -
Dev Cell
The extracellular-matrix-remodeling capability exposes therapeutic vulnerability in a subset of renal cell carcinomas with tumor thrombi. [Abstract]2025 Aug 5:S1534-5807(25)00448-4. PMID: 40774251 -
Cell Rep
The Nα-acetyl-L-lysine/Loxl2/H2O2 promotes intestinal tumor growth in Drosophila and cell proliferation in human colorectal cancer. [Abstract]2025 Aug 12;44(8):116126. PMID: 40811058 -
Redox Rep
Verbascoside targets endothelial HIF-1α/ Lysyl oxidase signaling to attenuate glomerular injury in diabetic nephropathy. [Abstract]2025 Dec;30(1):2598110. PMID: 41355449 -
Commun Biol
Ursodeoxycholic acid alleviates aortic aneurysm and dissection through the intestinal farnesoid X receptor/ceramide synthase 2 axis. [Abstract]2025 Jul 5;8(1):1009. PMID: 40617906 -
Int Immunopharmacol
SB290157, a selective complement C3a receptor antagonist, ameliorates aortic dissection by suppressing inflammatory signaling pathways to attenuate aortic wall inflammation and structural damage. [Abstract]2026 Jul 1:180:116678. PMID: 42034937 -
Int J Mol Sci
Mechanistic Study of Matrix Stiffness Promoting Lymph Node Metastasis in Cervical Cancer by Regulating NETs Formation via Piezo1. [Abstract]2026 Jun 16;27(12):5431. PMID: 42353147 -
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Sci Rep
Pharmacological alternatives to oxytetracycline as potential treatment of flexural limb deformities in foals: a preliminary in vitro cell viability and proliferation study. [Abstract]2025 May 6;15(1):15762. PMID: 40328831 -
Sci Rep
2024 Apr 30;14(1):9960. PMID: 38693222 -
J Inflamm Res
Anti-PS IgG Immune Complexes Impair Macrophage Phagocytosis in SLE via LOX-Dependent Oxidative Stress. [Abstract]2025 Aug 22:18:11521-11538. PMID: 40873781 -
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
Effects of Extracellular Matrix Changes Induced by a High-Fat Diet on Gallbladder Smooth Muscle Dysfunction. [Abstract]2024 Nov 27;29(12):401. PMID: 39735983 -
Rofo
Characterization of Aortic Degeneration and Inflammatory Profiles in Porcine Models of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. [Abstract]2026 May 6. PMID: 42091050 -
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 100 mg/mL (390.23 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 100 mg/mL (390.23 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Protocol
Horses[1]
Seven female and nine male horses are assigned at random to two groups (G1 and G2) submitted to different treatments after the induction of acute tendinitis. Each group consists of eight animals injected with type 1 collagenase, 1 mL, 2.5 mg/mL, in the middle metacarpal third into the superficial digital flexor tendons of both forelimbs. Twenty days after the injection of collagenase, one of the limbs (G1A/G2A) receives an injection of 3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1), 3 mL, 0.8 mg/mL, and the other limb (G1B) receives the same volume of buffered saline as control. Group one was left in box rest, and group two was submitted to controlled exercise during the experiment[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (276 KB)
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SDS (420 KB)
- English - EN (420 KB)
- Français - FR (420 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (420 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (420 KB)
- Español - ES (420 KB)
- Swedish - SV (420 KB)
- Italian - IT (420 KB)
- Korean - KR (420 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (420 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 3.9023 mL | 19.5114 mL | 39.0229 mL | 97.5572 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7805 mL | 3.9023 mL | 7.8046 mL | 19.5114 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3902 mL | 1.9511 mL | 3.9023 mL | 9.7557 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2602 mL | 1.3008 mL | 2.6015 mL | 6.5038 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1951 mL | 0.9756 mL | 1.9511 mL | 4.8779 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1561 mL | 0.7805 mL | 1.5609 mL | 3.9023 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1301 mL | 0.6504 mL | 1.3008 mL | 3.2519 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0976 mL | 0.4878 mL | 0.9756 mL | 2.4389 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0780 mL | 0.3902 mL | 0.7805 mL | 1.9511 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0650 mL | 0.3252 mL | 0.6504 mL | 1.6260 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0488 mL | 0.2439 mL | 0.4878 mL | 1.2195 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0390 mL | 0.1951 mL | 0.3902 mL | 0.9756 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
3-Aminopropionitrile fumarate (2:1) Related Classifications
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