Infection

4-Isopropylbenzoic acid (Cuminic acid; p-Isopropyl benzoic acid) an aromatic monoterpenoid, is isolated from the stem bark of Bridelia retusa. 4-Isopropylbenzoic acid exhibits antifungal activities. 4-Isopropylbenzoic acid is also a reversible and uncompetitive inhibitor of mushroom tyrosinase.

2α,9α,11-Trihydroxy-6-oxodrim-7-ene is a natural product that can be isolated from the culture medium of the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus insuetus.

Desethyl chloroquine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Desethyl chloroquine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Desethyl chloroquine is a major desethyl metabolite of Chloroquine. Chloroquine diphosphate is an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs). Desethyl chloroquine possesses antiplasmodic activity.

QPyN16Th is an N-palmitoylated cationic thiazolidine antibiotic. QPyN16Th is selectively active against the Gram-positive bavteria E. faecalis, S. aureus and MRSA with an MIC of 1.95 μM over gram-negative bacteria. QPyN16Th can induce membrane permeabilization and depolarization and ROS production in MRSA. QPyN16Th increases the survival of zebrafish model of intramuscular MRSA infection.

Clavariopsin B is a cyclic depsipeptide antibiotic. Clavariopsin B shows antifungal activity for Candida albicans IFO 0583, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Aspergillus niger AJ117374, Aspergillus fumigatus AJ117190, Aspergillus fumigatus JCM1739 with MIC values of 8, 8, 16, 4, 4 μg/mL, respectively.

HKI12134085 (compound 3) is an orally available antibacterial nitrobenzothiazinone (BTZ) derivative with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. HKI12134085 has in vivo inhibitory potency in a BALB/c mouse model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Erythrosine B aluminum is a visibly red dye with colorimetric and fluorescent properties that serves as an important dye for many Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Erythrosine B aluminum can be used for live/dead determination in both colorimetric and fluorescence-based assays for low, medium and high-throughput experimentation.

Ozenoxacin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ozenoxacin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ozenoxacin is a nonfluorinated quinolone antibacterial, which shows potent activities against the main microorganisms isolated from skin and soft tissue infections.

Eponemycin is an antibiotic that exhibits antitumor activity. Eponemycin exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells B16-F10, L1210, P388 and HCT-116 with IC₅₀ of 0.0017, 0.01, 0.031 and 0.0097 µg/mL, respectively. Eponemycin inhibits the DNA synthesis in B16-F10 and Mitomycin C with IC₅₀ of 0.1 µg/mL and 0.41 µg/mL.

Erythromycin propionate, erythromycin (HY-B0220) derivative, is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections. Erythromycin propionate causes several cases of liver injury which mostly include cholestatic hepatitis. Erythromycin propionate toxicity is related to its inhibitory effect on bile acid transport.

Hydroxy darunavir is a metabolite of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor Darunavir (HY-17040).

Tacapenem (R-95867), the active metabolite of CS-834, is an antibacterial agent. Tacapenem exhibits a broad antibacterial spectrum, with activity against gram-positive and -negative aerobes and anaerobes. Tacapenem shows potent bactericidal activity against S. aureus and Escherichia coli.

Cladospolide A is found in the strain of Cladosporium sp. FT-0012. Cladospolide A has little antibacterial activity.

Xanthohumol I is a derivative of Chalcone (HY-121054) that can be isolated from Humulus lupulus L. (hops). Xanthohumol I exhibits free radical scavenging activity.

Neoaureothin is a bacterial metabolite that has been found in Streptomyces. It is an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist that inhibits binding of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to ARs (IC₅₀=13 μM) and inhibits DHT-induced expression of prostate-specific antigen in LNCaP cells (IC₅₀=1.75 nM). Neoaureothin is cytotoxic to A549, HCT116, and HepG2 cells (IC₅₀s=34.3, 47, and 37.2 μg/mL, respectively). It also has nematocidal activity against the pine wood nematode B. xylophilus (LC50=0.84 μg/mL) and increases survival of P. densiflora trees inoculated with B. xylophilus.

CYP51-IN-23-d₃ is a potent and broad-spectrum CYP51 inhibitor with a MIC₈₀ of 1 μg/mL against Aspergillus fumigatum. CYP51-IN-23-d₃ can prevent fungal phase transformation and biofilm formation. CYP51-IN-23-d₃ exhibits anti-drug resistance activity and fungal activity, and shows excellent safety for cells and significant pharmacological activity in mice. CYP51-IN-23-d₃ can be used for the study of invasive fungal infections (IFIs).

Athidathion (GS-13006) is an organophosphate insecticide.

Lenacapavir pacfosacil (Example 44) is a viral capsid and nucleocapsid inhibitor. Lenacapavir pacfosacil has antiviral effects. Lenacapavir pacfosacil can be used for research of Retroviridae infection, including an HIV infection.

Periglaucine A, a hasubanane-type alkaloid, can be isolated from Pericampylus glaucus. Periglaucine A can inhibits HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) secretion in Hep G2.2.15 cells. Periglaucine A also shows anti-HIV-1 activity in C8166 cells (EC₅₀: 204 μM).

Azithromycin-amide-C3-amide-quinoxaline (Compound 5f) is an Azithromycin (HY-17506) derivative and antibacterial agent. Azithromycin-amide-C3-amide-quinoxaline inhibits topoisoisomerase I with an IC₅₀ of 120.7 μM. Azithromycin-amide-C3-amide-quinoxaline interacts with 70S E. coli ribosome with a K_d of 0.8 nM. Azithromycin-amide-C3-amide-quinoxaline inhibits bacterial translation with an IC₅₀ of 0.7 μM. Azithromycin-amide-C3-amide-quinoxaline shows antibacterial potency against S. pneumonia ATCC 49619, S. aureus ATCC 29213, E. faecalis ATCC 29212 with MICs of 0.06 μg/mL, 2 μg/mL, 0.5 μg/mL, respectively. Azithromycin-amide-C3-amide-quinoxaline exhibits anticancer activity against prostate cancer, colon cancer.