2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

Related Products

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W740572
    O-Desmethyl-N-deschlorobenzoyl Indomethacin
    		Inhibitor
    O-Desmethyl-N-deschlorobenzoyl indomethacin is a metabolite of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and COX inhibitor indomethacin (HY-14397). It is formed from indomethacin in isolated rabbit hepatocytes. O-Desmethyl-N-deschlorobenzoyl indomethacin (600 μM) decreases the viability of HL-60 leukemia cells when cultured with glucose oxidase. It has also been used in the synthesis of prostaglandin D2 (HY-101988) receptor antagonists.
    O-Desmethyl-N-deschlorobenzoyl Indomethacin
  • HY-106628R
    Sudoxicam (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Sudoxicam (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sudoxicam. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sudoxicam is a reversible and orally active COX antagonist and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) from the enol-carboxamide class. Sudoxicam has potent anti-inflammatory, anti-edema and antipyretic activity.
    Sudoxicam (Standard)
  • HY-157136
    LFS-1107
    LFS-1107 is a reversible CRM1 inhibitor (Kd: 12.5 pM). LFS-1107 can selectively eliminate extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) cells and can be used for cancer research.
    LFS-1107
  • HY-15762R
    Valdecoxib (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Valdecoxib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Valdecoxib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Valdecoxib is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of COX-2, with IC50s of 5 nM and 140 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respeceively. Valdecoxib can be used in the research of arthritis and pain.
    Valdecoxib (Standard)
  • HY-121235R
    Clonixin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Clonixin (SCH-10304) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Clonixin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Clonixin is an orally active non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits COX synthesis. Clonixin acts as a voltage-gated L-type calcium channel blocker, exerts vasodilatory effects by antagonizing Ca2+ in vascular smooth muscle. Clonixin inhibits TGF-β, reduces lung coefficient, immune cell infiltration level, oxidative stress response, airway resistance, hydroxyproline content and collagen deposition. Clonixin can be used in research related to inflammation such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and moderate to severe pain.
    Clonixin (Standard)
  • HY-B1153AR
    Glafenine hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Glafenine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glafenine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glafenine (Glafenin) hydrochloride is a non-selective, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-based COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor. Glafenine hydrochloride exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-cell migration effects by inhibiting the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway and reducing prostaglandin synthesis. Glafenine hydrochloride can induce cell cycle arrest in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells and reduce the synthesis of the extracellular matrix protein Tenascin. Glafenine hydrochloride can be used in the research of inflammatory-related diseases, vascular restenosis and cystic fibrosis (CF).
    Glafenine hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-N9086A
    (rac)-Poriol
    		Ligand
    (rac)-Poriol (5,7,4'-Trihydroxy-6-methylflavanone) exhibits antioxidant activity, and scavenges free radical DPPH with an IC50 of 0.18 µg/mL. (rac)-Poriol inhibits the LPS (HY-D1056)-induced NO generation in RAW264.7 (98.35% inhibition rate at 10 μM), and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. (rac)-Poriol exhibits good binding affinity with iNOS, COX-1, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β.
    (rac)-Poriol
  • HY-N0774R
    Isofraxidin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Isofraxidin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isofraxidin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation.
    Isofraxidin (Standard)
  • HY-106583R
    Piroxicam cinnamate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Piroxicam cinnamate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Piroxicam cinnamate (HY-106583). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Piroxicam cinnamate (Cinnoxicam) is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, with anti-inflammatory activity. Piroxicam cinnamate is stable under gastric conditions, can be used for inflammatory-degenerative osteoarticular diseases, rheumatic disorders, and varicocele (VC) associated oligoasthenospermia research.
    Piroxicam cinnamate (Standard)
  • HY-168766
    O-Acetylsalicylhydroxamic acid
    		Inhibitor
    O-Acetylsalicylhydroxamic acid is an acetylation inhibitor of prostaglandin H2 synthase that can suppress PGE2 synthesis in the body and block the cyclooxygenase activity of PGHS in vitro. O-Acetylsalicylhydroxamic acid requires the presence of the active site residue Ser-529 to act on human PGHS-1; the S529A mutant is resistant to the inactivation effects of this inhibitor.
    O-Acetylsalicylhydroxamic acid
  • HY-N6968R
    α-Humulene (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    α-Humulene (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Humulene. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Humulene is a main constituent of Tanacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae) essential oil with anti-inflammation (IC50=15±2 μg/mL). α-Humulene inhibits COX-2 and iNOS expression.
    α-Humulene (Standard)
  • HY-120232
    ABT-963
    		Inhibitor
    ABT-963 is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor for the study of pain and inflammation.
    ABT-963
  • HY-W010983R
    SC-236 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    SC-236 is an orally active COX-2 specific inhibitor (IC50 = 10 nM) and a PPARγ agonist. SC-236 suppresses activator protein-1 (AP-1) through c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. SC-236 exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing phosphorylation of ERK in a murine model.
    SC-236 (Standard)
  • HY-17474R
    Parecoxib (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Parecoxib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Parecoxib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Parecoxib (SC 69124) is a highly selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor, the proagent of Valdecoxib (HY-15762). Parecoxib Sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) and inhibits prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Parecoxib can be used for the relief of acute postoperative pain and symptoms of chronic inflammatory conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in vivo.
    Parecoxib (Standard)
  • HY-B0167AR
    Sodium Salicylate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Sodium Salicylate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sodium Salicylate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle.
    Sodium Salicylate (Standard)
  • HY-W792524
    Methosulide
    		Inhibitor
    Methosulide (Compound 1d) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 2.31 μM. Methosulide can be used in the research of inflammatory diseases.
    Methosulide
  • HY-N15272
    Artocarpesin
    		Inhibitor
    Artocarpesin is a flavonoid compound. Artocarpesin has inhibitory effects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Artocarpesin inhibits the production of NO, PGE2 and ROS by inhibiting COX-2 and iNOS expression, and plays an anti-inflammatory role. In addition, Artocarpesin inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting cyclic nucleotides and MAPKs, which can be used in the study of cardiovascular diseases.
    Artocarpesin
  • HY-B2137S
    S-(+)-Ketoprofen-d3
    		Inhibitor
    S-(+)-Ketoprofen-d3 ((S)-Ketoprofen-d3) is deuterium labeled S-(+)-Ketoprofen. S-(+)-Ketoprofen is a potent inhibitor of both COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50s of 1.9 and 27 nM, respectively.
    S-(+)-Ketoprofen-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-107632R
    GYY4137 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    GYY4137 (Standard) is the analytical standard of GYY4137 (HY-107632). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. GY4137 is a sustained-release H2S donor possessing vasodilatory, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities. GY4137 can inhibit cell growth, induce apoptosis, and cause cell cycle arrest by blocKing the STAT3 pathway, demonstrating potent anticancer activity.
    GYY4137 (Standard)
  • HY-17009R
    Iguratimod (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Iguratimod (Standard) is the analytical standard of Iguratimod. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Iguratimod is an antirheumatic agent, acts as an inhibitor of COX-2, with an IC50 of 20 μM (7.7 μg/mL), but shows no effect on COX-1. Iguratimod also inhibits macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) with an IC50 of 6.81 μM.
    Iguratimod (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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