Art. -Nr.: HY-111375

Azoxymethane

(Synonyms: AOM)

17 Cited Publications

Kundenbewertung

Based on 17 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Azoxymethane (AOM) is a colon carcinogen which leads to the formation of DNA adducts. Azomethane is a procarcinogen that requires metabolic activation via cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes (primarily CYP2E1).

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Reinheit: 99.45%
CAS. Nr.: 25843-45-2
Formel: C₂H₆N₂O
Molecular Weight:74.08

Speicherung:

Solution, -20°C, 2 years

Azoxymethane Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 25843-45-2

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- In Vitro
- Induced Disease Models
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (17)
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
Protokoll
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Calculators
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

In Vitro

Azoxymethane is a colon carcinogen which leads to the formation of DNA adducts. On an equal protein basis, hepatic microsomes are much more active than SI and colon microsomes in NADPH-dependent Azoxymethane bioactivation and N⁷-mG adduct formation. Hepatic microsomes show the highest activity in the hydroxylation of Azoxymethane, followed by SI and colon microsomes^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Induced Disease Models

Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.

Azoxymethane can be used to induce colorectal cancer models.

Induction of Colorectal Cancer

Background

Azomethane (AOM) is oxidatively metabolized by hepatic CYP450 processes to produce methylazomethanol (MAM). MAM is unstable, with a half-life of approximately 12 hours. It subsequently decomposes to produce formaldehyde and a highly reactive methyldiazo ion; this ion can alkylate DNA bases, forming DNA adducts including O6-methylguanine (O6-mG) and N7-methylguanine (N7-mG). The persistent presence of O6-mG can lead to oncogene mutations and tumorigenesis^[1]. Azoxymethane induces the conversion of G to A, leading to the activation mutation of K-ras and β-catenin in colon cells. The activation of Wnt signaling through the accumulation of β-catenin is the main mechanism of the Azoxymethane-induced colon cancer model^[3].

Specific Modeling Methods

1. Mice: BALB/c mice • male • 6-week-old^[2]
Administration: 10 mg/kg• i.p.• weekly for 6 weeks;
2.Mice: A/J mice • male • 20 to 25 g^[3]
Administration: 5 mg/kg• i.p.• weekly for 6 weeks;
3. Mice: C57BL/6J mice • male • 8 to 10-week-old^[4]
Administration: 10 mg/kg • i.p. • single does on day 0; On day 1, replace the drinking water with 2.5% DSS (HY-116282C) solution for 7 days. On day 8, change the 2.5% DSS solution to normal water for another 10 days. On day 18, replace the drinking water with 2.5% DSS solution for 7 days. On day 25, change the 2.5% DSS solution to normal water for another 10 days. On day 35, replace the drinking water with 2.5% DSS solution for 7 days. On day 42, change the 2.5% DSS solution to normal water until the mice are euthanized. Day 105-119 is a window phase to euthanize mice.

Note

(1) Animals are weighed weekly and sacrificed 18-30 weeks after the first AOM injection, and the recommended criteria can include weight loss of 10%-20%, occult blood in stool and energies.

Modeling Indicators

Phenotypic changes: Weight loss of 10%-20%, occult blood in feces, and lethargy.
Cellular/tissue level: Induced hyperproliferation and microadenoma formation, Increased the cyclin D1 and COX-2 expression.
Molecular changes: Increased the protein expression of pro-TGF-α, pEGFR, pErbB2, pERK, induces K-ras mutations; The level of 6-MeG is elevated in the distal colon tissue.
Histology analysis: Tissue damage, inflammatory cell infiltration in the lamina propria, and an increased number of tumors were observed.

Opposite Product(s): Gefitinib (HY-50895)

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 25843-45-2
Appearance Liquid
Molecular Weight 74.08
Formel C₂H₆N₂O
Color Colorless to light yellow
SMILES

C/[N+]([O-])=N/C
Synonyms

AOM
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Speicherung

Solution, -20°C, 2 years

Publications (17)

All Histological Imaging/StainingIHCBio/Physico-chemical Assay

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Journal Impact Factor

Cancer Commun (Lond)

RNA m1A methyltransferase TRMT61A promotes colorectal tumorigenesis by enhancing ONECUT2 mRNA stability and is a potential therapeutic target. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 16. PMID: 41103012
Nat Chem Biol

Targeting Smurf1 to block PDK1-Akt signaling in KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer. [Abstract]

2025 Jan;21(1):59-70. PMID: 39039255
Adv Sci (Weinh)

PRMT5 Inhibitor Synergizes with Chemotherapy to Induce Resembling Mismatch Repair Deficiency and Enhance Anti-TIGIT Therapy in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer. [Abstract]

2025 Jul;12(27):e2500271. PMID: 40344511

Azoxymethane purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jul;12(27):e2500271. [Abstract]

H&E staining in AOM (10 mg/kg; sc; Seven days later, 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium, was administered in the drinking water for 7 days, followed by 2 weeks of regular drinking water, This DSS treatment cycle was repeated twice for a total of three cycles)/DSS‐induced tumor‐bearing mice treated with DMSO, PRMT5i (40 mg kg−1), CPT‐11 (40 mg kg−1), or PRMT5i + CPT‐11.
Cell Commun Signal

Atorvastatin promotes lipid catabolism in colorectal cancer via FDFT1‒mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 23;24(1):259. PMID: 41866501
Phytomedicine

Ochratoxin A promotes chronic enteritis and early colorectal cancer progression by targeting Rinck signaling. [Abstract]

2024 Jan:122:155095. PMID: 37844381
EBioMedicine

NDRG2 regulates adherens junction integrity to restrict colitis and tumourigenesis. [Abstract]

2020 Nov:61:103068. PMID: 33099085

Azoxymethane purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EBioMedicine. 2020 Nov:61:103068. [Abstract]

HE staining of normal epithelium and AOM-DSS (a single dose of AOM (12 mg/kg); ip; fter 3 days, 2% DSS dissolved in the drinking water was administered for 6 days, followed by 15 days of regular drinking water) induced colorectal carcinoma in WT and Ndrg2DIEC mice. Representative images from WT (n=24) and Ndrg2DIEC (n=26) mice.
J Transl Med

Gut microbial and metabolomics profiles reveal the potential mechanism of fecal microbiota transplantation in modulating the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 15;22(1):1028. PMID: 39548468
Free Radic Biol Med

Pharmacological inhibition of MELK restricts ferroptosis and the inflammatory response in colitis and colitis-propelled carcinogenesis. [Abstract]

2021 Aug 20:172:312-329. PMID: 34144192

Azoxymethane purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2021 Aug 20:172:312-329. [Abstract]

Immunohistochemical staining showing the histological changes in colon tissues upon OTSSP167 treatment in AOM/DSS (injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg AOM on day 0, and then, on the 7th day after the administration of AOM, the mice were provided water containing 2.5% DSS for three cycles. Each cycle lasted for 5 days, followed by the administration of normal water for 14 days. )-induced CRC mice.

Azoxymethane purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2021 Aug 20:172:312-329. [Abstract]

Immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of ferroptosis related indicators, including 4HNE and MPO treated in AOM/DSS (injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg AOM on day 0, and then, on the 7th day after the administration of AOM, the mice were provided water containing 2.5% DSS for three cycles. Each cycle lasted for 5 days, followed by the administration of normal water for 14 days. )-induced CRC mice

Azoxymethane purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2021 Aug 20:172:312-329. [Abstract]

Differences in the expression of COX2 and SLC39A14 in colon tissues treated with or without OTSSP167 in AOM/DSS (injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg AOM on day 0, and then, on the 7th day after the administration of AOM, the mice were provided water containing 2.5% DSS for three cycles. Each cycle lasted for 5 days, followed by the administration of normal water for 14 days. )-induced CRC mice.

Azoxymethane purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2021 Aug 20:172:312-329. [Abstract]

Changes in the secretion of proinflammatory factors, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α , induced by the OTSSP167 treatment in AOM/DSS (injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg AOM on day 0, and then, on the 7th day after the administration of AOM, the mice were provided water containing 2.5% DSS for three cycles. Each cycle lasted for 5 days, followed by the administration of normal water for 14 days. )-induced CRC mice.
Clin Transl Med

Single-cell landscape of the cellular microenvironment in three different colonic polyp subtypes in children. [Abstract]

2024 Jan;14(1):e1535. PMID: 38264936
Int Immunopharmacol

The Glabridin from Huangqin Decoction Prevents the Development of Ulcerative Colitis into Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by Modulating MMP1/MMP3 Activity. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 30:135:112262. PMID: 38805906
Int Immunopharmacol

Arabinose confers protection against intestinal injury by improving integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 5:126:111188. PMID: 37995573
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins

Potential Benefits of Metformin Via Roseburia Intestinalis in High-fat Diet-fed Mice With Colorectal Adenomas. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 26. PMID: 41296177
mSystems

The combination of Clostridium butyricum and Akkermansia muciniphila mitigates DSS-induced colitis and attenuates colitis-associated tumorigenesis by modulating gut microbiota and reducing CD8+ T cells in mice. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 18;10(2):e0156724. PMID: 39840995
Sci Rep

Identifying polyamine related biomarkers in diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis by integrating bulk and single-cell sequencing data. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 5;14(1):18094. PMID: 39103474
J Radiat Res Appl Sci

December 2022, 100470.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

HSD17B2 serves as a novel tumor-suppressive regulator in colorectal cancer progression. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 8:778:152396. PMID: 40706248
Asia Pac J Clin Oncol

Polysaccharide of Lactobacillus casei SB27 reduced colon cancer cell prognosis through mitochondrial damage by upregulation of HINT2. [Abstract]

2023 Oct;19(5):e248-e257. PMID: 36271660

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

H₂O : 138.89 mg/mL (1874.87 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Protokoll

Kinase Assay^[1]

The assay for Azoxymethane-induced in vitro DNA adduct formation is performed. Briefly, microsomes (0.5 to 2.0 mg/mL) are incubated with calf thymus DNA (1 mg/mL) and Azoxymethane (200 μM) in a total volume of 1.0 mL. The assay buffer consists of 0.1 M Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 1 mM EDTA, 20 mM MgCl₂, 0.3 M KCl, and 1.5 mM NADPH. Incubations are carried out at 37°C for 60 min in a shaking water bath. An additional 30 nM of NADPH is added after the first 30 min. The reaction is stopped by the addition of 0.5 mL of ice-cold 7.5 M ammonium acetate. DNA is then extracted for tissue homogenates. Control incubations are performed without NADPH^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[1]

Male, 8 to 10 week old, WT-A/J, IECN-A/J, and LCN-A/J mice (8 per group) are treated with either saline or Azoxymethane (7.5 mg/kg BW, s.c.), once weekly for 3 weeks. Mice are sacrificed 6 weeks post-treatment for aberrant crypt foci (ACF) detection. The entire colon is excised. A longitudinal incision is made along the entire length of the colon, which is further cut into two equal-length segments, representing proximal and distal portions of the colon. The segments are dipped in PBS to remove fecal pellets and then kept flat between filter papers in 10% buffered formalin for at least 24 h. Subsequently, the colons are immersed in freshly prepared 0.1% methylene blue for 10 min and rinsed briefly in deionized H₂O to remove excess dye. The colon is mounted carefully on a microscope slide with the mucosal surface side up and viewed under a light microscope. The ACF in the entire mucosal surface of the colon are counted blindly and independently by two investigators and recorded^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Reinheit & Dokumentation

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Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (312 KB)
SDS (795 KB)
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COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Megaraj V, et al. Role of hepatic and intestinal p450 enzymes in the metabolic activation of the colon carcinogen azoxymethane in mice. Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Apr 21;27(4):656-62. [Content Brief]

[2]. Whetstone RD, et al. Colon carcinogenesis in wild type and immune compromised mice after treatment with azoxymethane, and azoxymethane with dextran sodium sulfate. Mol Carcinog. 2016 Jul;55(7):1187-95. [Content Brief]

[3]. Fichera A, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling is required for microadenoma formation in the mouse azoxymethane model of colonic carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2007 Jan 15;67(2):827-35. [Content Brief]

[4]. Sun W, et al. Protocol for colitis-associated colorectal cancer murine model induced by AOM and DSS. STAR Protoc. 2023 Mar 17;4(1):102105. [Content Brief]

Calculators

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O	1 mM	13.4989 mL	67.4946 mL	134.9892 mL	337.4730 mL
	5 mM	2.6998 mL	13.4989 mL	26.9978 mL	67.4946 mL
	10 mM	1.3499 mL	6.7495 mL	13.4989 mL	33.7473 mL
	15 mM	0.8999 mL	4.4996 mL	8.9993 mL	22.4982 mL
	20 mM	0.6749 mL	3.3747 mL	6.7495 mL	16.8736 mL
	25 mM	0.5400 mL	2.6998 mL	5.3996 mL	13.4989 mL
	30 mM	0.4500 mL	2.2498 mL	4.4996 mL	11.2491 mL
	40 mM	0.3375 mL	1.6874 mL	3.3747 mL	8.4368 mL
	50 mM	0.2700 mL	1.3499 mL	2.6998 mL	6.7495 mL
	60 mM	0.2250 mL	1.1249 mL	2.2498 mL	5.6245 mL
	80 mM	0.1687 mL	0.8437 mL	1.6874 mL	4.2184 mL
	100 mM	0.1350 mL	0.6749 mL	1.3499 mL	3.3747 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Azoxymethane

17 Cited Publications

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Azoxymethane

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Azoxymethane

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Publications (17)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Protokoll

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Calculators

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Azoxymethane Related Classifications

HY-111375 Related Classifications