DiR
Based on 120 publication(s) in Google Scholar
DiR is a long-chain carbocyanine dye. Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.89%
- CAS No.: 100068-60-8
- Formula: C63H101IN2
- Molecular Weight:1013.39
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) DiR
More- Science. 2026 Mar 5;391(6789):edau9394. [Abstract]
- Nat Nanotechnol. 2025 May 19. [Abstract]
- Cell Metab. 2025 Dec 17:S1550-4131(25)00495-4. [Abstract]
- Adv Mater. 2024 Sep;36(38):e2407115. [Abstract]
- Bioact Mater. 2026 Jun 17:65:644-662. [Abstract]
- Cell Stem Cell. 2026 Jun 4;33(6):913-929.e7. [Abstract]
- J Extracell Vesicles. 2026 Apr;15(4):e70277. [Abstract]
- J Extracell Vesicles. 2025 Aug;14(8):e70148. [Abstract]
- Nat Protoc. 2026 May 7. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 18;16(1):10096. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 20;16(1):2743. [Abstract]
- Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025 Mar 1;14(1):26. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2025 Sep 2;19(34):31077-31091. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2025 Aug 25. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2026 Jun 11. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2026 Apr 29;24(1):576. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2026 Jan 27;24(1):181. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Dec 23;23(1):782. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Mar 22;23(1):237. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Jan 24;23(1):43. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2024 Oct 24;22(1):654. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2024 Jul 18;22(1):423. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2023 Sep 2;21(1):311. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2025 May 30;15(13):6553-6571. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2025 Jan 1;15(1):86-102. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2025 Jan 2;15(4):1456-1477. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharm Sin B. 2026 May 15.
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 May 29:e75860. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 May 6:e75519. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 Apr;13(24):e15606. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Sep 24:e05921. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug 22:e17677. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jun;12(23):e2500139. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar;12(10):e2412799. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Sep 13:e2403430. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep Med. 2026 Feb 17;7(2):102621. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2025 May 2;11(18):eadt3943. [Abstract]
- Food Hydrocoll. 2025 Dec.
- Biomaterials. 2026 May 28:335:124345. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2025 Dec:323:123424. [Abstract]
- Carbohydr Polym. 2025 Nov 15;368(Pt 1):124067. [Abstract]
- Research (Wash D C). 2026 May 14:9:1243. [Abstract]
- Research (Wash D C). 2026 Mar 19.
- Asian J Pharm Sci. 2026 Jun;21(3):101171. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2026 May 23;540:177636.
- Chem Eng J. 2026 Mar 24.
- Chem Eng J. 2026 Jan 7;529:172659.
- Chem Eng J. 2026 Jan 7;529:172480.
- Chem Eng J. 2025 Aug 25.
- J Control Release. 2026 Apr 10:392:114710. [Abstract]
- Small. 2026 Apr 27:e13524. [Abstract]
- J Exp Med. 2025 Nov 3;222(11):e20241851. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2025 Dec:149:157573. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Anal. 2025 Jul;15(7):101203. [Abstract]
- Mater Today Bio. 2026 Apr 29.
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2026 Feb 21:e05684. [Abstract]
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2026 Jan 19:e03803. [Abstract]
- Mater Today Bio. 2025 Dec 5:35:102635. [Abstract]
- Mater Today Bio. 2025 Dec 19.
- Mater Today Bio. 2025 Nov 24:35:102606. [Abstract]
- Mater Today Bio. 2025 Nov 12:35:102544. [Abstract]
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2025 Sep 18:e01846. [Abstract]
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2025 Aug 5:e03055. [Abstract]
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2025 Aug;14(20):e2500663. [Abstract]
- Journal of Future Foods. 2026 Jun 2.
- Food Res Int. 2026 Mar 31:228:118457. [Abstract]
- Int J Nanomedicine. 2026 Jun 3:21:609268. [Abstract]
- Int J Nanomedicine. 2026 Jun 8:21:599389. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2026 May:363:152232. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2026 Jan 7;340:150099.
- Small Methods. 2025 Dec 12:e01437. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Dec;334(Pt 1):148793. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Aug;319(Pt 3):145221. [Abstract]
- Int J Nanomedicine. 2024 May 29:19:4977-4994. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Dec 31;253(Pt 6):127219. [Abstract]
- Int J Nanomedicine. 2022 Nov 9:17:5229-5246. [Abstract]
- JACS Au. 2024 Aug 8;4(8):3007-3017. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 Sep 17;17(37):52474-52487. [Abstract]
- Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025 Apr 23;16(1):204. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Sep 25;16(38):50282-50294. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Aug 7;16(31):40739-40752. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Dec 27;15(51):59175-59188. [Abstract]
- Br J Pharmacol. 2026 Aug;183(16):4989-5017. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2025 Sep 25;68(18):19554-19566. [Abstract]
- Chem Mater. 2023 Apr 4.
- Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2026 Mar 20. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2026 Jan 21;74(2):2157-2171. [Abstract]
- Nanoscale Adv. 2024 Jun 14;6(16):4082-4093. [Abstract]
- Biosensors (Basel). 2026 Mar 25;16(4):189. [Abstract]
- Biomater Sci. 2025 Aug 5;13(16):4427-4436. [Abstract]
- Drug Des Devel Ther. 2023 Aug 17:17:2401-2420. [Abstract]
- Int J Pharm. 2026 Jul 10:700:127093. [Abstract]
- Int J Pharm. 2025 Mar 15:672:125291. [Abstract]
- Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2026 Jan:257:115180. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Nano Mater. 2025 May 8.
- Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2025 May 30;74(7):226. [Abstract]
- J Inflamm (Lond). 2025 May 19;22(1):19. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep Methods. 2024 Sep 16;4(9):100843. [Abstract]
- Noncoding RNA Res. 2026 Mar 3:19:1-17. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2025 Jul 21;8(7):6066-6078. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Sep 10:138:112562. [Abstract]
- J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2025 Oct 24;115:107688.
- J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2025 Sep 13;114:107532.
- Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2025 Jun 9;1871(7):167947. [Abstract]
- Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2624211. [Abstract]
- Mol Pharm. 2025 Nov 28. [Abstract]
- Mol Pharm. 2025 Aug 4;22(8):4794-4803. [Abstract]
- Pharm Res. 2025 Nov 18. [Abstract]
- Cell Cycle. 2024 Sep-Oct;23(17-20):893-912. [Abstract]
- Reprod Biomed Online. 2024 Jun;48(6):103814. [Abstract]
- J Biomed Mater Res A. 2026 Jul;114(7):e70103. [Abstract]
- BMC Pulm Med. 2023 May 30;23(1):188. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026 May 15:824:153966. [Abstract]
- SSRN. 2026 Apr 15.
- bioRxiv. 2026 Jan 30.
- SSRN. 2025 Jun 11.
- Pharmaceutical Science Advances. 2025 May 15.
- Res Sq. 2024 Aug 29.
- Res Sq. 2024 Aug 30.
- Res Sq. 2024 Jun 13.
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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In Vivo Imaging
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In Vivo Imaging
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In Vivo Imaging
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In Vivo Imaging
Biological Activity
Carbocyanine dyes are widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins. Long-chain carbocyanines which include DiO (DiOC18(3)), DiI (DiIC18(3)), DiD (DiIC18(5)) and DiR, and dialkyl aminostyryl dye DiA (4-Di-16-ASP) are used for labeling membranes and other hydrophobic structures. DiIC16(3) has shorter alkyl substituents (C16) than DiI (C18). They have extremely high extinction coefficients, environmental dependent fluorescence and short excited-state lifetimes in lipid environments. They are oils at room temperature and weakly fluorescent in water but highly fluorescent and quite photostable when incorporated into membranes or bound to lipophilic biomolecules. These optical characteristics make them ideal for staining the cytoplasmic membranes of cells. Once applied to cells, these dyes diffuse laterally within the plasma membrane, resulting in staining of the entire cell[1].
DiO, DiI, DiD and DiR exhibit distinct green, orange, red and infrared fluorescence, respectively thus facilitating multicolor imaging and flow cytometric analysis of live cells . DiO and DiI can be used with standard FITC and TRITC filters respectively. Among them DiI and its analogs are most frequently used since they usually exhibit very low cell toxicity. In addition, DiI is widely used for determining lipoproteins such as LDL and HDL. The lipophilic aminostyryl dye DiA is also often used for neuronal tracing[2].
Guide (Following is our recommended protocol. This protocol only provides a guideline, and should be modified according to your specific needs).
1. Preparing Stain Solutions of DiR
1.1 Prepare DMF, DMSO or ethanol stock solutions
The stock solutions should be prepared in dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, or ethanol at 1-5 mM.
Note: DMF is preferable to ethanol as a solvent for DiR. The stock solution should be used promptly. Any unused solution need to be aliquoted and refrozen at least -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycle. The solution can be stored for 6 months.
1.2 Prepare working solutions
Dilute the stock solutions into a suitable buffer such as serum-free culture medium, HBSS or PBS to make 1-5 μM working solutions. We do not recommend storing the aqueous solution for more than one day.
Note: The final concentration of the working solution should be empirically determined for different cell types and/or experimental conditions.
2. Cell staining (suspended cells)
2.1 Centrifuge at 1000 g at 4°C for 3-5 minutes and then discard the supernatant. Wash twice with PBS, 5 minutes each time. The cell density is 1×106/mL.
2.2 Add 1 mL of DiR working solution, and then incubate at room temperature for 5-30 minutes.
2.3 Centrifuge at 400 g at 4°C for 3-4 minutes and then discard the supernatant.
2.4 Wash twice with PBS, 5 minutes each time.
2.5 Resuspend cells with serum-free cell culture medium or PBS. Observation by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
3. Cell staining (adherent cells)
3.1 Culture adherent cells on sterile coverslips.
3.2 Remove the coverslip from the medium and aspirate excess medium.
3.3 Add 100 μL of working solution, gently shake it to completely cover the cells, and then incubate at room temperature for 5-30 minutes.
3.4 Wash twice with medium, 5 minutes each time. Observation by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
780
748
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 100068-60-8
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 1013.39
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Formula C63H101IN2
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Color Brown to reddish brown
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SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=C(/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C2N(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C3=C(C=CC=C3)C/2(C)C)C(C)(C)C4=C1C=CC=C4.[I-]
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Synonyms
Cy7 DiC18
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
Publications (120)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Science
Single intramuscular injection of self-amplifying RNA of Nppa to treat myocardial infarction. [Abstract]2026 Mar 5;391(6789):edau9394. PMID: 41785353 -
Nat Nanotechnol
Tumour-derived microparticles obtained through microwave irradiation induce immunogenic cell death in lung adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2025 May 19. PMID: 40389640 -
Cell Metab
Serotonin-licensed macrophages potentiate chemoresistance via inositol metabolic crosstalk in ovarian cancer. [Abstract]2025 Dec 17:S1550-4131(25)00495-4. PMID: 41412121 -
Adv Mater
Pyroptotic-Spatiotemporally Selective Delivery of siRNA against Pyroptosis and Autoimmune Diseases. [Abstract]2024 Sep;36(38):e2407115. PMID: 39081086 -
Bioact Mater
Growth plate cartilage-targeting nanoparticles for pharmacological treatment of hypochondroplasia. [Abstract]2026 Jun 17:65:644-662. PMID: 42338508 -
Cell Stem Cell
Engineered CAR-monocytes coordinate fibrosis clearance and cardiac regeneration following myocardial infarction. [Abstract]2026 Jun 4;33(6):913-929.e7. PMID: 42034061 -
J Extracell Vesicles
Chemoradiotherapy-Integrated Tumor Cell-Derived Microparticles Mediate Tumor Eradication in Malignant Pleural Effusion. [Abstract]2026 Apr;15(4):e70277. PMID: 41944389 -
J Extracell Vesicles
USP5-Rich Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles Regulate Nucleus Pulposus Cells Apoptosis and DNA Damage Repair by Preventing E2F1 Proteasomal Degradation. [Abstract]2025 Aug;14(8):e70148. PMID: 40831373
DiR purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Extracell Vesicles. 2025 Aug;14(8):e70148. [Abstract]
The pelleted ApoEVs were pre‐labelled with the 10 µM DiR dye and then were co‐cultured with NPCs for 6 and 12 h. Confocal microscopy images show NPCs internalizing ApoEVs (Red) at 6 and 12 h in vitro.
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Nat Protoc
Receptor discovery for nanomaterial soft and hard coronas via a biosensor-based Fishing strategy. [Abstract]2026 May 7. PMID: 42098340 -
Nat Commun
Co-delivery of sorafenib and an FSP1 inhibitor triggers dual ferroptosis in tumor cells and immunosuppressive macrophages for enhanced immunotherapy in mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Nov 18;16(1):10096. PMID: 41253833
DiR purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 18;16(1):10096. [Abstract]
Quantitative biodistribution analysis of DiR (0.5-20 μg/mL)-labeled nanoparticles in major organs and liver tumors (0-48 h).
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Nat Commun
Adipose progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles suppress macrophage M1 program to alleviate midlife obesity. [Abstract]2025 Mar 20;16(1):2743. PMID: 40113754 -
Exp Hematol Oncol
TLR7/8 signaling activation enhances the potency of human pluripotent stem cell-derived eosinophils in cancer immunotherapy for solid tumors. [Abstract]2025 Mar 1;14(1):26. PMID: 40025520 -
ACS Nano
Reprogramming Macrophage via an Antigen Phagocytosis-Presentation Nanoenhancer for Improved Cancer Immunotherapy. [Abstract]2025 Sep 2;19(34):31077-31091. PMID: 40835579 -
ACS Nano
Dual-Targeting Mn@CeO2 Nanozyme-Modified Probiotic Hydrogel Microspheres Reshape Gut Homeostasis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. [Abstract]2025 Aug 25. PMID: 40853091
DiR purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Nano. 2025 Aug 25. [Abstract]
Add 10 μL DiR stock solution (1 mg/mL) to 1 mL of LR solution (1 × 109 CFU/mL), vortex and mix well, then incubate at 4℃ in the dark for 1 h, in vivo IVIS images at 0.5, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after oral gavage of L. reuteri or MnCe@LR/AMs (1 × 108 CFU) labeled with DiR in healthy and colitis mice.
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J Nanobiotechnology
Mesoporous catechin hydrogel for enhanced astaxanthin-based inflammatory bowel disease therapy. [Abstract]2026 Jun 11. PMID: 42277802 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Dual-mechanism inhalable nanocomposite restores the alveolar mucus barrier and enables deep-lesion delivery for synergistic treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. [Abstract]2026 Apr 29;24(1):576. PMID: 42057101 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Silk-based biomimetic nanocomposite for precision eradication of Helicobacter pylori and gut microbiome preservation. [Abstract]2026 Jan 27;24(1):181. PMID: 41588522 -
J Nanobiotechnology
CAT/SOD-Enriched Achyranthes bidentata nanovesicles mitigate TMJOA via ROS scavenging and JNK/FOXO1 pathway Inhibition. [Abstract]2025 Dec 23;23(1):782. PMID: 41430692 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Recombinant high-density lipoprotein targeted delivery of celastrol to promote foam cells lipophagy against early atherosclerosis. [Abstract]2025 Mar 22;23(1):237. PMID: 40119460 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Neutrophil-macrophage hybrid membrane-coated prussian blue nanozyme for ulcerative colitis treatment and mechanistic insights. [Abstract]2025 Jan 24;23(1):43. PMID: 39849556 -
J Nanobiotechnology
m6A-modified exosome-derived circHIF1α binding to KH domain of IGF2BP3 mediates DNA damage and arrests G1/S transition phase to resists bacterial infection in bacteremia. [Abstract]2024 Oct 24;22(1):654. PMID: 39443946 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Adipose-derived stem cell exosomes loaded with icariin alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by modulating macrophage polarization in rats. [Abstract]2024 Jul 18;22(1):423. PMID: 39026367 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Piezoelectric enhanced sulfur doped graphdiyne nanozymes for synergistic ferroptosis-apoptosis anticancer therapy. [Abstract]2023 Sep 2;21(1):311. PMID: 37660123 -
Theranostics
2025 May 30;15(13):6553-6571. PMID: 40521182 -
Theranostics
iRGD-TRP-PK1-modified red blood cell membrane vesicles as a new chemotherapeutic drug delivery and targeting system in head and neck cancer. [Abstract]2025 Jan 1;15(1):86-102. PMID: 39744235 -
Theranostics
Ultrasound-activated erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged Pt (II) layered double hydroxide enhances PD-1 inhibitor efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer through cGAS-STING pathway-mediated immunogenic cell death. [Abstract]2025 Jan 2;15(4):1456-1477. PMID: 39816689 -
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Combining Radiation-Treated Tumor Vaccines With Mn-MOF Nanoadjuvants to Amplify Radiation Induced Anti-Tumor Immune Responses. [Abstract]2026 May 29:e75860. PMID: 42212971 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Light-Switched Mesenchymal Stem Cells for In Situ Exosome Amplification in Craniofacial Bone Defect Reconstruction. [Abstract]2026 May 6:e75519. PMID: 42089450 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
An Insulin-Exosome-TNFAIP8 Axis Drives Stromal Fibrosis and Therapeutic Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer. [Abstract]2026 Apr;13(24):e15606. PMID: 41709860 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
MicroRNA-Enriched Plant-Derived Exosomes Alleviate Colitis by Modulating Systemic Immunity, Metabolic Homeostasis, and Gut Microbiota. [Abstract]2025 Sep 24:e05921. PMID: 40994128 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Lifespan-Regulated CAR-Macrophages from Myeloid Progenitors for Enhanced Colorectal Cancer Therapy. [Abstract]2025 Aug 22:e17677. PMID: 40847445 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Locoregional Immune Checkpoint Blockade and Remodeling of Lymph Nodes by Engineered Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes for Suppressing Tumor Progression and Metastasis. [Abstract]2025 Jun;12(23):e2500139. PMID: 40178201
DiR purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jun;12(23):e2500139. [Abstract]
Representative in vivo fluorescent images of mice intratumorally injected different groups of exosomes (DiR, 10 μM, 24 h).
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Intestine-Decipher Engineered Capsules Protect Against Sepsis-induced Intestinal Injury via Broad-spectrum Anti-inflammation and Parthanatos Inhibition. [Abstract]2025 Mar;12(10):e2412799. PMID: 39836501
DiR purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar;12(10):e2412799. [Abstract]
Gastrointestinal imaging of mice after the oral administration of DiR (2 μM,0-24 h)‐labeled cp‐OLA@MΦ NPs at different time points.
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
SKAP1 Expression in Cancer Cells Enhances Colon Tumor Growth and Impairs Cytotoxic Immunity by Promoting Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation via the NFATc1/CXCL8 Axis. [Abstract]2024 Sep 13:e2403430. PMID: 39269257 -
Cell Rep Med
Bacterial vesicles from intratumoral L. salivarius enhance PD-1 blockade via FPR1-mediated macrophage polarization in gastric cancer. [Abstract]2026 Feb 17;7(2):102621. PMID: 41707647 -
Sci Adv
A rationally designed injury kidney targeting peptide library and its application in rescuing acute kidney injury. [Abstract]2025 May 2;11(18):eadt3943. PMID: 40315322 -
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Biomaterials
Stealth red blood cells with broad-spectrum antigenic shielding for transfusion therapy in antibody-mediated hemolytic anemia. [Abstract]2026 May 28:335:124345. PMID: 42229299 -
Biomaterials
Endothelia-targeting eye drops deliver a STING inhibitor to effectively reduce retinal neovascularization in ischemic retinopathy. [Abstract]2025 Dec:323:123424. PMID: 40408973 -
Carbohydr Polym
Premna microphylla Turcz pectin-modified diosmetin nanoparticles: A galectin-3 targeting strategy for precise colitis intervention. [Abstract]2025 Nov 15;368(Pt 1):124067. PMID: 40912828 -
Research (Wash D C)
High Mobility Group Protein B1 Promotes Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 SUMOylation to Prime Trained Immunity of Circulating Monocytes and Aggravate the Progressive Synovial Inflammation in Knee Osteoarthritis. [Abstract]2026 May 14:9:1243. PMID: 42146764 -
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Asian J Pharm Sci
Photothermal-detonated functional macrophage membrane-camouflaged nano-crackers induce tumor cell wandering-anoikis. [Abstract]2026 Jun;21(3):101171. PMID: 42338758 -
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J Control Release
Anti-CLEC7A nanobody in situ engineering promotes amyloid-β oligomers clearance by CAR-microglia to alleviate Alzheimer's disease pathology in mice. [Abstract]2026 Apr 10:392:114710. PMID: 41702507 -
Small
An mRNA Tumor Nanovaccine Expressing Tumor Antigen Fused With Angiotensin II Facilitates Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-Mediated Anti-Tumor Immunity. [Abstract]2026 Apr 27:e13524. PMID: 42043950 -
J Exp Med
Specific loading of oncolytic VSV on CAR enhances CAR-T cell signaling and antitumor activity. [Abstract]2025 Nov 3;222(11):e20241851. PMID: 40938370 -
Phytomedicine
Anemarrhena asphodeloides-derived small extracellular vesicle ameliorate diabetes-induced muscle atrophy via activating Pink1-mediated mitophagy. [Abstract]2025 Dec:149:157573. PMID: 41308393 -
J Pharm Anal
pH-responsive biomimetic zeolitic imidazolate framework-based nanoparticles for co-delivery of cetuximab and siRNA in synergistic therapy of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Jul;15(7):101203. PMID: 40735032 -
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Adv Healthc Mater
An Injectable Liposome-Hydrogel Composite for Targeted Delivery of a Non-Lactylated Peptide to Rebalance Bone Metabolism in Hyperlipidemia. [Abstract]2026 Feb 21:e05684. PMID: 41721628 -
Adv Healthc Mater
Targeting the ARRDC3-DRP1 Axis via hUMSC-Derived Exosomal CRYAB for Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. [Abstract]2026 Jan 19:e03803. PMID: 41555725 -
Mater Today Bio
PH20-modified exosomes loaded curcumin inhibit desmoplastic breast cancer by breaking extracellular matrix barrier and normalizing cancer-associated fibroblasts. [Abstract]2025 Dec 5:35:102635. PMID: 41458179 -
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Mater Today Bio
2025 Nov 24:35:102606. PMID: 41399362 -
Mater Today Bio
Restoring macrophage iron homeostasis by natural carrier-free nanoplatform for the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis syndromes. [Abstract]2025 Nov 12:35:102544. PMID: 41322152 -
Adv Healthc Mater
Therapeutic Targeting of the IRF9/RTN4/RHOA/ROCK Pathway via RVG29-Modified PLGA Nanoparticles and rTMS for Neural and Vascular Regeneration Post-Cerebral Infarction. [Abstract]2025 Sep 18:e01846. PMID: 40968528 -
Adv Healthc Mater
Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Quantification of Endosomal Escape Using Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles. [Abstract]2025 Aug 5:e03055. PMID: 40761024 -
Adv Healthc Mater
Engineered MSC Aggregates with E/N-Cadherin and IL-6 Preconditioning for the Treatment of Systemic Sclerosis. [Abstract]2025 Aug;14(20):e2500663. PMID: 40500954 -
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Food Res Int
Stabilization mechanisms, cell density, and survival of probiotic encapsulation prepared with thiolated hyaluronic acid-whey protein complex: For potential colon targeting probiotic delivery system. [Abstract]2026 Mar 31:228:118457. PMID: 41703890 -
Int J Nanomedicine
Royal Jelly-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Key Bioactive Components Mediating Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Activity. [Abstract]2026 Jun 3:21:609268. PMID: 42261358 -
Int J Nanomedicine
ROS-Triggered Self-Aggregation of a β-Elemene Olefin-Rich Nanoemulsion for Mitochondrial-Targeted Metabolic Reprogramming and Colitis Inflammation Alleviation. [Abstract]2026 Jun 8:21:599389. PMID: 42292035 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Calcium-alginate microspheres for sustained curcumin delivery attenuate neuroinflammation and enhance nerve regeneration via suppressing NF-κB/MAPK pathways. [Abstract]2026 May:363:152232. PMID: 42044817 -
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Small Methods
2025 Dec 12:e01437. PMID: 41388650 -
Int J Biol Macromol
High-efficiency engineering of cell membrane nanovesicles with intrinsic homotypic targeting for precision cancer drug delivery. [Abstract]2025 Dec;334(Pt 1):148793. PMID: 41213369 -
Int J Biol Macromol
pPB peptide-modified nanostructured lipid carriers loaded with astragaloside IV as a potential strategy for enhanced antifibrosis therapy. [Abstract]2025 Aug;319(Pt 3):145221. PMID: 40523486 -
Int J Nanomedicine
Engineered Exosomes Containing microRNA-29b-2 and Targeting the Somatostatin Receptor Reduce Presenilin 1 Expression and Decrease the β-Amyloid Accumulation in the Brains of Mice with Alzheimer's Disease. [Abstract]2024 May 29:19:4977-4994. PMID: 38828204 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Development of curcumin-loaded galactosylated chitosan-coated nanoparticles for targeted delivery of hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2023 Dec 31;253(Pt 6):127219. PMID: 37802456 -
Int J Nanomedicine
A Synergistic and Efficient Thrombolytic Nanoplatform: A Mechanical Method of Blasting Combined with Thrombolytic Drugs. [Abstract]2022 Nov 9:17:5229-5246. PMID: 36388875 -
JACS Au
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ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
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Solvent & Solubility
Ethanol : 20 mg/mL (19.74 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)
DMSO : 5 mg/mL (4.93 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (278 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Gan WB, et al. Multicolor "DiOlistic" labeling of the nervous system using lipophilic dye combinations. Neuron. 2000 Aug;27(2):219-25. [Content Brief]
[2]. Swift MJ, et al. Applied electric fields accelerate the diffusion rate and increase the diffusion distance of DiI in fixed tissue. J Neurosci Methods. 2005 Jan 30;141(1):155-63. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / Ethanol | 1 mM | 0.9868 mL | 4.9339 mL | 9.8679 mL | 24.6697 mL |
| Ethanol | 5 mM | 0.1974 mL | 0.9868 mL | 1.9736 mL | 4.9339 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.0987 mL | 0.4934 mL | 0.9868 mL | 2.4670 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.0658 mL | 0.3289 mL | 0.6579 mL | 1.6446 mL |