Glycylglycine
Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Glycylglycine is a non-selective glycylglycine dipeptidase substrate and iNOS inhibitor. Glycylglycine can cross the cell membrane by passive diffusion and is hydrolyzed to glycine in the cell, participating in energy metabolism and antioxidant processes. Glycylglycine promotes spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) proliferation, inhibits astrocyte overactivation and reduces nitric oxide (NO) release, while upregulating the expression of neurotrophic factors (such as PDGFA, FGF2, CNTF) to support nerve myelin repair. Glycylglycine can be used to study male reproductive biology (such as SSCs proliferation regulation) and neurodegenerative diseases (such as neuroprotective mechanisms in multiple sclerosis).
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- Purity: 99.90%
- CAS No.: 556-50-3
- 화학식: C4H8N2O3
- 분자량:132.12
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보관:
RT, protect from light.
In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Glycylglycine
MoreAll Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDCK | EC50 |
0.48 mM
Compound: 25
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Activation of human PEPT1 expressed in MDCK cells
Activation of human PEPT1 expressed in MDCK cells
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[PMID: 16759105] |
| MDCK | IC50 |
0.82 mM
Compound: 25
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Binding affinity to human PEPT1 assessed as inhibition of [14C]Gly-Sar uptake in MDCK cells
Binding affinity to human PEPT1 assessed as inhibition of [14C]Gly-Sar uptake in MDCK cells
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[PMID: 16759105] |
Cell viability assay:
Glycylglycine (10 μM；5 d) significantly promotes cell proliferation in spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) culture, increases cell viability by about 50%, without significant effect on cell apoptosis and cell cycle[1].
Glycylglycine (0.1-1 mM; 24 h) inhibits the growth of astrocyte U87 cells, and Glycylglycine (1 mM; 12-72 h) has no significant effect on DNA synthesis[2].
Inflammatory factor detection experiment:
Glycylglycine (0.5 mM; 24 h) significantly inhibits the release of nitric oxide (NO) and reduces the inflammatory response astrocyte U87 cells, while upregulating the expression of neurotrophic factors (such as PDGFA, FGF2, CNTF), promoting neuroprotection and repair[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs)
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Concentration:0 μM (control), 10 μM
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Incubation Time:5 days
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Result:Significantly increased cell viability compared to the control group.
There were no significant differences in apoptosis and cell cycle distribution among the groups as determined by flow cytometry.
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Cell Line:Astrocytes U87 cells
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Concentration:0 mM (control), 0.1 mM, 0.5 mM, 1 mM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Significantly upregulated the expression of neurotrophic factors (PDGFA, FGF2, CNTF) and iNOS, compared to the control group at 0.5 mM.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 556-50-3
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Appearance Solid
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분자량 132.12
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화학식 C4H8N2O3
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Color White to off-white
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Synonyms
Gly-Gly; H-Gly-Gly-OH
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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보관
RT, protect from light
In solvent -80°C 1 year -20°C 6 months
Publications (1)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
용액&용해도
H2O : 100 mg/mL (756.89 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Acetone : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 100 mg/mL (756.89 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
순도&문서
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Data Sheet (272 KB)
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SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Xu B, et al. Glycylglycine plays critical roles in the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells. Mol Med Rep. 2019 Oct;20(4):3802-3810. [Content Brief]
[2]. Zhao C, et al. Metabolomic analysis revealed glycylglycine accumulation in astrocytes after methionine enkephalin administration exhibiting neuron protective effects. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2015 Nov 10;115:48-54. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 7.5689 mL | 37.8444 mL | 75.6888 mL | 189.2219 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.5138 mL | 7.5689 mL | 15.1378 mL | 37.8444 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7569 mL | 3.7844 mL | 7.5689 mL | 18.9222 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.5046 mL | 2.5230 mL | 5.0459 mL | 12.6148 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3784 mL | 1.8922 mL | 3.7844 mL | 9.4611 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.3028 mL | 1.5138 mL | 3.0276 mL | 7.5689 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2523 mL | 1.2615 mL | 2.5230 mL | 6.3074 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1892 mL | 0.9461 mL | 1.8922 mL | 4.7305 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1514 mL | 0.7569 mL | 1.5138 mL | 3.7844 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1261 mL | 0.6307 mL | 1.2615 mL | 3.1537 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0946 mL | 0.4731 mL | 0.9461 mL | 2.3653 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0757 mL | 0.3784 mL | 0.7569 mL | 1.8922 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Glycylglycine Related Classifications
HY-D0889 Related Classifications
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