Polyketides

Laricitrin 3-O-glucoside is an antioxidant agent. Laricitrin 3-O-glucoside correlates significantly with DPPH assay and CUPRAC assay.

Cardol diene is a potent antiparasitic agent. Cardol diene shows schistosomicidal activity and inhibits cell viability.

Erythrabyssin II (EL-19) is a potent late-stage autophagy inhibitor that blocks the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome. Erythrabyssin II leads to the accumulation of autophagic substrates and does not impair lysosomal pH or lysosomal enzyme activity. Erythrabyssin II suppresses ovarian cancer organoid activity and induces apoptosis. Erythrabyssin II can be used for the study of ovarian cancer.

Dalbergioidin, a well-known anthocyanin, ameliorates doxorubicin-induced renal fibrosis by suppressing the TGF-β signal pathway. Dalbergioidin exhibits tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ of 20 mM.

Cycloheterophyllin is a flavonoid, that can be isolated from Artocarpus communis and A. heterophyllus. Cycloheterophyllin shows antiinflammatory activity.

Artonin E (5'-Hydroxymorusin) is a known prenylated flavonoid that induces apoptosis and arrests the cell cycle in S phase. Artonin E can induce anti-proliferative effects through mitochondrial pathway dysregulation and can be used in cancer research.

Quercetin-3-O-(2′′-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside is a orally active phenolic compound that can be isolated from the Geranium species. Quercetin-3-O-(2′′-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside has anti-inflammatory activities and has potential application in edema and aortic endothelium-dependent relaxation injury.

Lucidone, an anti-inflammatory agent that can be isolated from the fruit of Lindera erythrocarpa Makino. Lucidone inhibits LPS-induced NO and PGE₂ production in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Lucidone also decreases TNF-α secretion, iNOS and COX-2 expression. Lucidone prevents NF-κB translocation and inhibits JNK and p38MAPK signals. Lucidone also has inhibitory activity against Dengue virus (DENV) (EC₅₀=25 μM).

Phaseollin is an isoflavonoid phytoalexin that can be isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris . Phaseollin is toxic to bean hypocotyl and endocarp cells, and causes a complete lysis of sheep erythrocytes.

5-Heptadec-cis-8-enylresorcinol is a 5-alkylresorcinol that can be isolated from etiolated rice seedlings. 5-Heptadec-cis-8-enylresorcinol is an antifungal agent against the rice blast fungus. 5-Heptadec-cis-8-enylresorcinol mediates DNA relaxation.

DIDS is a dual inhibitor of ABCA1 and VDAC1. DIDS also inhibits RAD51, inhibiting RAD51-mediated homologous pairing and strand exchange reactions. DIDS inhibits anion exchange and binding to red blood cell membranes, inhibits the activation of caspase-3 and -9, and can be used in cancer research.

Dehydromaackiain is a potent Neurogenin2 (Ngn2) promoter activator. Dehydromaackiain promotes differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons.

(2S)-4'-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavan is a Flavan. Flavan (4′-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavan) showed an important cytotoxic effect on human leukemic Molt 4 cells.

3,5,7,8,3′,4′-Hexamethoxyflavone is a flavonoid. 3,5,7,8,3′,4′-Hexamethoxyflavone can be isolated from the leaves of Melicope triphylla MERR.

(Rac)-Tephrosin is a natural product that can be found in Tephrosia purpurea.

Solidagolactone II is a chloroalkaned diterpene isolated from S. uirgaurea L.

Umuhengerin is a methoxylated flavone. Umuhengerin can be isolated from Cardiospermum corindum L.

Gardenin C, a flavone, can be isolated from the Gardenia lucida.

Eupatolin is a nature product that could be isolated from Rudbeckia hirta.

Licoagrochalcone C, a flavonoid, reveals efficacious inhibitory activity on NF-κB transcription. Licoagrochalcone C shows significant inhibitory activity on LPS (HY-D1056)-induced NO production.