Itaconic acid
Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Itaconic acid, a precursor of polymers, chemicals, and fuels, can be synthesized by many fungi. Itaconic acid also is a macrophage-specific metabolite. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors. Itaconic acid has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and immunomodulatory effect.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.88%
- CAS No.: 97-65-4
- Formula: C5H6O4
- Molecular Weight:130.10
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Itaconic acid
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Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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Apoptosis Analysis
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WB
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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Histological Imaging/Staining
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Itaconic acid (2–8 mM, 24 h) induces ferroptosis by activating ferritinophagy in PANC1 cells[3].
Itaconic acid (10 mM, 24 h) inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells[4].
Itaconic acid (10 mM, 24 h) promotes the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and NADPH oxidase activity in RAW264.7 cells[4].
Itaconic acid (10 mM, 24-72 h) inhibits cell viability of cerebellar granule cells (CGC) and inhibits ADP-stimulated respiration in permeabilized CGC cells[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 97-65-4
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 130.10
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Formula C5H6O4
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)=C
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Synonyms
Methylenesuccinic acid
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (4)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Sci Immunol
2026 May;11(119):eadz0348. PMID: 42066062 -
Apoptosis
Itaconate promotes mitophagy to inhibit neuronal ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage. [Abstract]2025 Apr;30(3-4):991-1004. PMID: 39924585
Itaconic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Apoptosis. 2025 Apr;30(3-4):991-1004. [Abstract]
Itaconic acid (Itaconate, IA; 80 μM). EDU method to detect the survival of HT22 cells.
Itaconic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Apoptosis. 2025 Apr;30(3-4):991-1004. [Abstract]
Itaconic acid (Itaconate, IA; 80 μM). Tunel to detect apoptosis of HT22 cells.
Itaconic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Apoptosis. 2025 Apr;30(3-4):991-1004. [Abstract]
Itaconic acid (Itaconate, IA; 80 μM). Representative western blot images and statistical analysis of ferroptosis-related proteins.
Itaconic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Apoptosis. 2025 Apr;30(3-4):991-1004. [Abstract]
Itaconic acid (Itaconate, IA; 80 μM). The effect of itaconate on lipid peroxidation level and Fe2+ level in HT22 cells.
Itaconic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Apoptosis. 2025 Apr;30(3-4):991-1004. [Abstract]
Itaconic acid (Itaconate, IA; 5 mg/kg; ip). Assessment of cell death in mice’s cortical brain tissue by HE staining.
Itaconic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Apoptosis. 2025 Apr;30(3-4):991-1004. [Abstract]
Itaconic acid (Itaconate, IA; 5 mg/kg; ip). Measurement of water content in the left hemisphere of mice’s brain by wet-dry weight method.
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Clin Transl Med
ACOD1, rather than itaconate, facilitates p62-mediated activation of Nrf2 in microglia post spinal cord contusion. [Abstract]2024 Apr;14(4):e1661. PMID: 38644791 -
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 27.78 mg/mL (213.53 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 25 mg/mL (192.16 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (271 KB)
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SDS (476 KB)
- English - EN (476 KB)
- Français - FR (476 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (476 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (476 KB)
- Español - ES (476 KB)
- Swedish - SV (476 KB)
- Italian - IT (476 KB)
- Korean - KR (476 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (476 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Weiss JM, et, al. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors. J Clin Invest. 2018 Aug 31;128(9):3794-3805. [Content Brief]
[2]. Zhao M, et, al. Itaconic acid production in microorganisms. Biotechnol Lett. 2018 Mar;40(3):455-464. [Content Brief]
[3]. Qu C, et al. Itaconic acid induces ferroptosis by activating ferritinophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2021 Oct 25;583:56-62. [Content Brief]
[4]. Zhu X, et al. Itaconic acid exerts anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects via promoting pentose phosphate pathway to produce ROS. Sci Rep. 2021 Sep 13;11(1):18173. [Content Brief]
[5]. Umbrasas D, et al. Effects of itaconic acid on neuronal viability and brain mitochondrial functions. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2021 Oct;53(5):499-511. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| H2O | 1 mM | 7.6864 mL | 38.4320 mL | 76.8639 mL | 192.1599 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.5373 mL | 7.6864 mL | 15.3728 mL | 38.4320 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7686 mL | 3.8432 mL | 7.6864 mL | 19.2160 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.5124 mL | 2.5621 mL | 5.1243 mL | 12.8107 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3843 mL | 1.9216 mL | 3.8432 mL | 9.6080 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.3075 mL | 1.5373 mL | 3.0746 mL | 7.6864 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2562 mL | 1.2811 mL | 2.5621 mL | 6.4053 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1922 mL | 0.9608 mL | 1.9216 mL | 4.8040 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1537 mL | 0.7686 mL | 1.5373 mL | 3.8432 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1281 mL | 0.6405 mL | 1.2811 mL | 3.2027 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0961 mL | 0.4804 mL | 0.9608 mL | 2.4020 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0769 mL | 0.3843 mL | 0.7686 mL | 1.9216 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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