2. QS-21

QS-21, an immunostimulatory saponin, could be used as a potent vaccine adjuvant. QS-21 stimulates Th2 humoral and Th1 cell-mediated immune responses through action on antigen presenting cells (APCs) and T cells. QS-21 can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome with subsequent release of caspase-1 dependent cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18.

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QS-21 Chemical Structure

QS-21 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 141256-04-4

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1 mg USD 580 In-stock
5 mg USD 2300 In-stock
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QS-21 Related Antibodies

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Description

QS-21, an immunostimulatory saponin, could be used as a potent vaccine adjuvant. QS-21 stimulates Th2 humoral and Th1 cell-mediated immune responses through action on antigen presenting cells (APCs) and T cells. QS-21 can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome with subsequent release of caspase-1 dependent cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18[1][2][3].

IC50 & Target

NLRP3 inflammasome
In Vivo

Studies in mouse APCs (DCs and macrophages) identifie QS-21 as an activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and cause subsequent release of caspase-1 dependent proinflammatory cytokines I1-1β/I1-18 that can promote Th 17 cell maturation or drive INF-γ-mediated Th1 responses, respectively[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

1990.13

Formula

C92H148O46
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to light yellow

SMILES

O=C([C@]1(CCC(C)(C)C2)[C@]2([H])C3=CC[C@@]4([H])[C@@](C)(CC[C@]5([H])[C@@]4(CC[C@H](O[C@@](O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]6O[C@@](OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H]7O)([H])[C@@H]7O)([H])[C@@H]6O[C@]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H]8O)O)([H])O[C@@H]8CO)[C@@]5(C)C=O)C)[C@]3(C)C[C@H]1O)O[C@H](O[C@H](C)[C@H](OC(C[C@@H](O)C[C@]([C@@H](C)CC)([H])OC(C[C@@H](O)C[C@]([C@@H](C)CC)([H])O[C@@H]9O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]9O)=O)=O)[C@@H]%10O)[C@@H]%10O[C@@](O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@](OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H]%11O[C@@](OC[C@]%12(O)CO)([H])[C@@H]%12O)([H])[C@@H]%11O)[C@H]%13O)([H])[C@@H]%13O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (50.25 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 50 mg/mL (25.12 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.5025 mL 2.5124 mL 5.0248 mL
5 mM 0.1005 mL 0.5025 mL 1.0050 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.26 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.26 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 100 mg/mL (50.25 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.14%

COA (255 KB) HNMR (330 KB) RP-HPLC (294 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 0.5025 mL 2.5124 mL 5.0248 mL 12.5620 mL
5 mM 0.1005 mL 0.5025 mL 1.0050 mL 2.5124 mL
10 mM 0.0502 mL 0.2512 mL 0.5025 mL 1.2562 mL
15 mM 0.0335 mL 0.1675 mL 0.3350 mL 0.8375 mL
20 mM 0.0251 mL 0.1256 mL 0.2512 mL 0.6281 mL
25 mM 0.0201 mL 0.1005 mL 0.2010 mL 0.5025 mL
DMSO 30 mM 0.0167 mL 0.0837 mL 0.1675 mL 0.4187 mL
40 mM 0.0126 mL 0.0628 mL 0.1256 mL 0.3140 mL
50 mM 0.0100 mL 0.0502 mL 0.1005 mL 0.2512 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

QS-21141256-04-4StimulonQS21QS 21Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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