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RAW264.7 murine macrophages

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Akt (4) AMPK (3) Apoptosis (6) Bacterial (1) Calcium Channel (1) Cytochrome P450 (1) Drug Derivative (1) Drug Intermediate (1) Drug Isomer (1) Endogenous Metabolite (3) Ferroptosis (3) Fluorescent Dye (1) HDAC (1) Heme Oxygenase (HO) (1) iGluR (1) Interleukin Related (7) JAK (5) JNK (3) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) MHC (1) mTOR (1) nAChR (2) NF-κB (5) NO Synthase (5) p38 MAPK (4) Phosphatase (1) PI3K (4) Prostaglandin Receptor (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (1) Sirtuin (3) STAT (6) TNF Receptor (6) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) (2) VEGFR (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (4) Cardiovascular Disease (4) Infection (3) Inflammation/Immunology (15) Metabolic Disease (1) Neurological Disease (4)

By Targets:

Akt (4)

AMPK (3)

Apoptosis (6)

Bacterial (1)

Calcium Channel (1)

Cytochrome P450 (1)

Drug Derivative (1)

Drug Intermediate (1)

Drug Isomer (1)

Endogenous Metabolite (3)

Ferroptosis (3)

Fluorescent Dye (1)

HDAC (1)

Heme Oxygenase (HO) (1)

iGluR (1)

Interleukin Related (7)

JAK (5)

JNK (3)

Keap1-Nrf2 (1)

MHC (1)

mTOR (1)

nAChR (2)

NF-κB (5)

NO Synthase (5)

p38 MAPK (4)

Phosphatase (1)

PI3K (4)

Prostaglandin Receptor (1)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (1)

Sirtuin (3)

STAT (6)

TNF Receptor (6)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) (2)

VEGFR (1)

By Research Areas:

Cancer (4)

Cardiovascular Disease (4)

Infection (3)

Inflammation/Immunology (15)

Metabolic Disease (1)

Neurological Disease (4)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Fluorescent Dyes

Peptides

Natural
Products

Targets Recommended: BMI1

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-113402

Gamma-glutamylcysteine 4 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Cys	Endogenous Metabolite Interleukin Related TNF Receptor AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .

HY-113402A

Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA 4 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Cys TFA	Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .

HY-P4855

CRAMP (mouse) 1 Publications Verification	Bacterial TNF Receptor	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
CRAMP (mouse) is an antibacterial peptide and a functional homolog of LL-37 . CRAMP (mouse) exhibits potent antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria . The complex formed by CRAMP (mouse) and CpG can activate macrophages to secrete TNF-α . CRAMP (mouse) plays a key role in wound healing, immune regulation and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis .

HY-N2217

Rotundic acid	Akt mTOR p38 MAPK Apoptosis Phosphatase Interleukin Related NF-κB PI3K Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Rotundic acid is an orally effective triterpenoid with a K_d value of 51.3 µM for PTP1B. Rotundic acid downregulates the AKT/mTOR pro-survival pathway and modulates the MAPK pathway. Rotundic acid induces cell cycle S-phase arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis; it inhibits migration, invasion, angiogenesis and proliferation of cancer cells. Rotundic acid improves leptin sensitivity, regulates gut microbiota and reduces cellular senescence. Rotundic acid can be used in research related to hepatocellular carcinoma, obesity, aging, acute lung injury and type 2 diabetes .

HY-146066

α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1	nAChR JAK STAT NO Synthase Interleukin Related	Inflammation/Immunology
α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1 is a potent α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.32 μM for nitric oxide (NO). α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1 effectively suppresses the expression of iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6 in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1 can inhibit LPS-induced NO release, NF-κB activation and cytokine production. α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 can be used for researching sepsis .

HY-P11060

MC38 SLP Adpgk Adpgk peptide	MHC	Cancer
MC38 SLP Adpgk (Adpgk peptide) is an H-2 K ^b-restricted colorectal cancer neoantigen peptide. MC38 SLP Adpgk is formulated into PCNP nanocomplexes together with CpG ODN. PCNP vaccines significantly enhance the co-delivery efficiency of neoantigens and adjuvants to lymphoid organs, and activate cytotoxic T cells. PCNP vaccines not only protect mice from MC-38 colorectal tumor invasion, but also exhibit anti-tumor efficacy in established colorectal tumor models and significantly prolong the survival of tumor-bearing mice .

HY-N6065

Praeruptorin A 3 Publications Verification (+)-Praeruptorin A	Calcium Channel Drug Isomer Cytochrome P450 iGluR Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
Praeruptorin A ((+)-Praeruptorin A) is an orally active isomer of (±)-Praeruptorin A (HY-N0081). Praeruptorin A also acts as a Calcium channel blocker. Praeruptorin A can be isolated from Peucedanum. Praeruptorin A serves as a substrate for CYP3A4. Praeruptorin A downregulates NMDA receptors containing GluN2B and inhibits neuronal Apoptosis. Praeruptorin A mediates vasodilation, inhibits vascular hypertrophy and reduces blood pressure. Praeruptorin A can be used in research related to neurological diseases, myocardial ischemia, heart failure, exertional angina, renovascular hypertension and spontaneous hypertension .

HY-N2838

Alismol	NO Synthase	Inflammation/Immunology
Alismol is a natural sesquiterpene. Alismol shows promising inhibitory effects on INF-γ-induced nitric oxide production in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells .

HY-146066A

(R)-α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1	nAChR JAK STAT NO Synthase	Others
(R)-α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1 is the R-enantiomer of α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1 (HY-146066). α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1 is a potent α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.32 μM for nitric oxide (NO). α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1 effectively suppresses the expression of iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6 in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 agonist 1 can inhibit LPS-induced NO release, NF-κB activation and cytokine production. α7 nAchR-JAK2-STAT3 can be used for researching sepsis .

HY-169859

EP4 receptor antagonist 7	Prostaglandin Receptor Interleukin Related	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
EP4 receptor antagonist 7 (Compound 14) is an antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor subtype EP4 with an IC₅₀ value of 1.1 nM. EP4 receptor antagonist 7 inhibits PGE2-induced β-arrestin recruitment in HEK293 cells with an IC₅₀ value of 0.9 nM. EP4 receptor antagonist 7 decreases PGE2-induced expression of mRNA encoding IL-4, macrophage mannose receptor 1 (Mrc1), chitinase-like protein 3 (Chil3), chemokine (C-X-C) motif ligand 1 (Cxcl1), triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2), and arginase-1 (Arg1), in RAW 264.7 macrophages. EP4 receptor antagonist 7 combined with an anti-PD-1 antibody inhibits tumor growth and increases infiltration of CD ⁸⁺ T cells into tumors in a CT26 murine colon cancer model .

HY-129151

Ganoderic acid C1	TNF Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
Ganoderic acid C1, a natural compound that could be isolated from G. lucidum, suppresses TNF-α production by murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) .

HY-W573700

Methyl everninate	Others	Others
Methyl everninate is the major constituent of the deuterochloroform. Methyl everninate, rhodomollosides A and B are the derivatives of Methyl everninate, with cytotoxicity against RAW264.7 cells. Both of they shows inhibitory effects with a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages RAW 264.7 cells model .

HY-126211

KBH-A42	HDAC	Inflammation/Immunology
KBH-A42 is a novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with significant anti-inflammatory properties. KBH-A42 against TNF-α and NO production with IC₅₀ values of 1.10 and 2.71 µM, respectively, in the LPS-induced murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells .

HY-N2939

Bis-5,5-Nortrachelogenin	Others	Others
Bis-5,5-Nortrachelogenin is isolated from active extract of root of Wikstroemia indica. Bis-5,5-Nortrachelogenin inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and recombinant mouse interferon-γ(IFN-γ) activated murine macrophage-like cell line, RAW 264.7 with an IC₅₀ value of 48.6 mM .

HY-N16376

Thienodolin MJ 286A	NF-κB STAT	Inflammation/Immunology
Thienodolin (MJ 286A) is an alkaloid that has been found in S. albogriseolus. Thienodolin inhibits nitric oxide production in LPS (HY-D1056)-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells with an IC₅₀ value of 17.2 μM. Thienodolin suppresses iNOS, blocks the degradation of IκBα, attenuates NF-κB p65 accumulation in the nucleus, and reduces the phosphorylation level of STAT1 at Tyr701. Thienodolin can be used for the study of inflammation .

HY-P10385A

SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 TFA	NO Synthase	Infection
SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 TFA is the TFA salt form of SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 (HY-P10385). SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 TFA is an inhibitor for the interaction of SPRY domain and SOCS-box protein 2 (SPSB2) and iNOS, through binding SPSB2 on iNOS site with K_D of 7 nM .

HY-P10385

SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3	NO Synthase	Infection
SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 (Compound CP3) is an inhibitor for the interaction of SPRY domain and SOCS-box protein 2 (SPSB2) and iNOS, through binding SPSB2 on iNOS site with K_D of 7 nM .

HY-113402B

Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium γ-Glu-Cys ammonium	Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium (γ-Glu-Cys ammonium) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .

HY-D3190

BODIPY−DOX	Fluorescent Dye Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology
BODIPY-DOX is a conjugate composed of BODIPY and Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), as well as a pH-activated fluorescent probe for M1 macrophages and an apoptosis inducer. BODIPY-DOX undergoes pH-induced hydrazone bond cleavage in acidic M1 macrophage phagosomes, thereby releasing cytotoxic Doxorubicin (Dox) and inhibiting the function of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. BODIPY-DOX highly selectively inhibits the production of relevant pro-inflammatory cytokines by mouse and human monocyte-derived M1 macrophages, while exerting minimal effects on M2 or unactivated macrophages. Therefore, BODIPY-DOX enables simultaneous fluorescent tracing, differentiation and elimination of specific macrophage subsets, and exhibits the potential to regulate tissue regeneration in zebrafish models .

HY-182034

GAP214	Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Interleukin Related TNF Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
GAP214 is a monosaccharide lipid A analogue and TLR4/MD-2 complex modulator.GAP214 binds to the TLR4/MD-2 complex via hydrophobic interactions, salt bridges, and hydrogen bonds, induces dimerization of the complex to initiate intracellular signaling cascades.GAP214 functions as an immunostimulant and vaccine adjuvant, enhances antigen-specific IgG antibody production in a mouse model .

HY-N3691

Daturataturin A aglycone	Drug Derivative	Others
Daturataturin A aglycone is a natural steroid.

HY-182569

FR 111142	VEGFR	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
FR 111142 is an angiogenesis inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 18.4 μM) and has anti-inflammatory activity (IC₅₀ = 20.6 μM). FR 111142 inhibits capillary-like tube formation as well as nitric oxide production in LPS (HY-D1056)-activated murine macrophages. FR 111142 enhances catabolism of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). FR 111142 does not induce significant cytotoxicity in human endothelial progenitor cells, nor affect cell viability of murine macrophages. FR 111142 can be used for the research of cancer, inflammatory diseases .

HY-N20628

Woorenoside VIII	Drug Intermediate	Inflammation/Immunology
Woorenoside VIII is a sesquiterpenoid compound with potential anti-inflammatory activity, which exists in Coptis japonica var. dissecta and its rhizomes .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-D3190

BODIPY−DOX	Fluorescent Dyes
BODIPY-DOX is a conjugate composed of BODIPY and Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), as well as a pH-activated fluorescent probe for M1 macrophages and an apoptosis inducer. BODIPY-DOX undergoes pH-induced hydrazone bond cleavage in acidic M1 macrophage phagosomes, thereby releasing cytotoxic Doxorubicin (Dox) and inhibiting the function of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. BODIPY-DOX highly selectively inhibits the production of relevant pro-inflammatory cytokines by mouse and human monocyte-derived M1 macrophages, while exerting minimal effects on M2 or unactivated macrophages. Therefore, BODIPY-DOX enables simultaneous fluorescent tracing, differentiation and elimination of specific macrophage subsets, and exhibits the potential to regulate tissue regeneration in zebrafish models .

BODIPY−DOX

Fluorescent Dyes

BODIPY-DOX is a conjugate composed of BODIPY and Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), as well as a pH-activated fluorescent probe for M1 macrophages and an apoptosis inducer. BODIPY-DOX undergoes pH-induced hydrazone bond cleavage in acidic M1 macrophage phagosomes, thereby releasing cytotoxic Doxorubicin (Dox) and inhibiting the function of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. BODIPY-DOX highly selectively inhibits the production of relevant pro-inflammatory cytokines by mouse and human monocyte-derived M1 macrophages, while exerting minimal effects on M2 or unactivated macrophages. Therefore, BODIPY-DOX enables simultaneous fluorescent tracing, differentiation and elimination of specific macrophage subsets, and exhibits the potential to regulate tissue regeneration in zebrafish models .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-113402A

Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA 4 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Cys TFA	Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .

HY-P4855

CRAMP (mouse) 1 Publications Verification	Bacterial TNF Receptor	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
CRAMP (mouse) is an antibacterial peptide and a functional homolog of LL-37 . CRAMP (mouse) exhibits potent antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria . The complex formed by CRAMP (mouse) and CpG can activate macrophages to secrete TNF-α . CRAMP (mouse) plays a key role in wound healing, immune regulation and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis .

HY-P11060

MC38 SLP Adpgk Adpgk peptide	MHC	Cancer
MC38 SLP Adpgk (Adpgk peptide) is an H-2 K ^b-restricted colorectal cancer neoantigen peptide. MC38 SLP Adpgk is formulated into PCNP nanocomplexes together with CpG ODN. PCNP vaccines significantly enhance the co-delivery efficiency of neoantigens and adjuvants to lymphoid organs, and activate cytotoxic T cells. PCNP vaccines not only protect mice from MC-38 colorectal tumor invasion, but also exhibit anti-tumor efficacy in established colorectal tumor models and significantly prolong the survival of tumor-bearing mice .

HY-P10385A

SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 TFA	NO Synthase	Infection
SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 TFA is the TFA salt form of SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 (HY-P10385). SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 TFA is an inhibitor for the interaction of SPRY domain and SOCS-box protein 2 (SPSB2) and iNOS, through binding SPSB2 on iNOS site with K_D of 7 nM .

HY-P10385

SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3	NO Synthase	Infection
SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 (Compound CP3) is an inhibitor for the interaction of SPRY domain and SOCS-box protein 2 (SPSB2) and iNOS, through binding SPSB2 on iNOS site with K_D of 7 nM .

Gamma-glutamylcysteine 4 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Cys	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Interleukin Related TNF Receptor AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .

Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA 4 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Cys TFA	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis
Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .

Rotundic acid	Cardiovascular Disease Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Plants Aquifoliaceae Microorganisms other families Terpenoids Parameria laevigata (Juss.) Moldenke Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Akt mTOR p38 MAPK Apoptosis Phosphatase Interleukin Related NF-κB PI3K Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Rotundic acid is an orally effective triterpenoid with a K_d value of 51.3 µM for PTP1B. Rotundic acid downregulates the AKT/mTOR pro-survival pathway and modulates the MAPK pathway. Rotundic acid induces cell cycle S-phase arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis; it inhibits migration, invasion, angiogenesis and proliferation of cancer cells. Rotundic acid improves leptin sensitivity, regulates gut microbiota and reduces cellular senescence. Rotundic acid can be used in research related to hepatocellular carcinoma, obesity, aging, acute lung injury and type 2 diabetes .

Praeruptorin A 3 Publications Verification (+)-Praeruptorin A	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Coumarins Salvia hypargeia Fisch. & C.A.Mey. Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Calcium Channel Drug Isomer Cytochrome P450 iGluR Apoptosis
Praeruptorin A ((+)-Praeruptorin A) is an orally active isomer of (±)-Praeruptorin A (HY-N0081). Praeruptorin A also acts as a Calcium channel blocker. Praeruptorin A can be isolated from Peucedanum. Praeruptorin A serves as a substrate for CYP3A4. Praeruptorin A downregulates NMDA receptors containing GluN2B and inhibits neuronal Apoptosis. Praeruptorin A mediates vasodilation, inhibits vascular hypertrophy and reduces blood pressure. Praeruptorin A can be used in research related to neurological diseases, myocardial ischemia, heart failure, exertional angina, renovascular hypertension and spontaneous hypertension .

Alismol	Animals Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Source Classification	NO Synthase
Alismol is a natural sesquiterpene. Alismol shows promising inhibitory effects on INF-γ-induced nitric oxide production in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells .

Ganoderic acid C1	Triterpenes Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Polyporaceae Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex Fr.) Karst. Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	TNF Receptor
Ganoderic acid C1, a natural compound that could be isolated from G. lucidum, suppresses TNF-α production by murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) .

Methyl everninate	other families Plagiochila bifaria (Sw.) Lindenb. Phenols Plants Source Classification	Others
Methyl everninate is the major constituent of the deuterochloroform. Methyl everninate, rhodomollosides A and B are the derivatives of Methyl everninate, with cytotoxicity against RAW264.7 cells. Both of they shows inhibitory effects with a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages RAW 264.7 cells model .

Bis-5,5-Nortrachelogenin	Thymelaeaceae Lignans Phenylpropanoids Plants Source Classification Wikstroemia indica	Others
Bis-5,5-Nortrachelogenin is isolated from active extract of root of Wikstroemia indica. Bis-5,5-Nortrachelogenin inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and recombinant mouse interferon-γ(IFN-γ) activated murine macrophage-like cell line, RAW 264.7 with an IC₅₀ value of 48.6 mM .

Thienodolin MJ 286A	Alkaloids Microorganisms Pyridine Alkaloids Source Classification	NF-κB STAT
Thienodolin (MJ 286A) is an alkaloid that has been found in S. albogriseolus. Thienodolin inhibits nitric oxide production in LPS (HY-D1056)-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells with an IC₅₀ value of 17.2 μM. Thienodolin suppresses iNOS, blocks the degradation of IκBα, attenuates NF-κB p65 accumulation in the nucleus, and reduces the phosphorylation level of STAT1 at Tyr701. Thienodolin can be used for the study of inflammation .

Daturataturin A aglycone	Structural Classification Datura metel L. Solanaceae Plants Steroids Source Classification	Drug Derivative
Daturataturin A aglycone is a natural steroid.

FR 111142	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Source Classification	VEGFR
FR 111142 is an angiogenesis inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 18.4 μM) and has anti-inflammatory activity (IC₅₀ = 20.6 μM). FR 111142 inhibits capillary-like tube formation as well as nitric oxide production in LPS (HY-D1056)-activated murine macrophages. FR 111142 enhances catabolism of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). FR 111142 does not induce significant cytotoxicity in human endothelial progenitor cells, nor affect cell viability of murine macrophages. FR 111142 can be used for the research of cancer, inflammatory diseases .

Woorenoside VIII	Structural Classification Ranunculaceae Coptis japonica Makino Plants Saccharides Monosaccharides Source Classification	Drug Intermediate
Woorenoside VIII is a sesquiterpenoid compound with potential anti-inflammatory activity, which exists in Coptis japonica var. dissecta and its rhizomes .

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RAW264.7 murine macrophages

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