Plasmodium
Plasmodium parasites invade erythrocytes to access nutrients and occupy a protected intracellular niche[1]. Mechanistically, P. falciparum merozoite invasion depends on ligand-receptor interactions and regulated microneme and rhoptry secretion[2]. The apicoplast supports blood-stage growth mainly through isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis, shown by chemical rescue of parasites lacking this organelle[3]. Apicoplast-derived isoprenoids also support GPI-anchor biosynthesis, egress, and invasion in P. falciparum[4]. Compared with related apicomplexan parasites, malaria parasites use conserved host-cell entry logic but species-specific ligand-receptor interactions[1]. For experimental applications, apicoplast translation inhibitors and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors provide tools to test delayed death, organelle maintenance, and parasite viability[5][6].
References:
- [1]. Cowman AF, et al. Invasion of red blood cells by malaria parasites. Cell. 2006 Feb 24;124(4):755-66. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Singh S, et al. Distinct external signals trigger sequential release of apical organelles during erythrocyte invasion by malaria parasites. PLoS Pathog. 2010 Feb 5;6(2):e1000746. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Yeh E, et al. Chemical rescue of malaria parasites lacking an apicoplast defines organelle function in blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum. PLoS Biol. 2011 Aug;9(8):e1001138. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Bulloch MS, et al. Apicoplast-derived isoprenoids are essential for biosynthesis of GPI protein anchors, and consequently for egress and invasion in Plasmodium falciparum. PLoS Pathog. 2024 Sep 6;20(9):e1012484. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Pasaje CF, et al. Selective inhibition of apicoplast tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase causes delayed death in Plasmodium falciparum. Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 9;6:27531. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Herman JD, et al. The cytoplasmic prolyl-tRNA synthetase of the malaria parasite is a dual-stage target of febrifugine and its analogs. Sci Transl Med. 2015 May 20;7(288):288ra77. [Content Brief]
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Plasmodium Related Products (265)
Related Products (265)
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Cycloguanil-d6 (hydrochloride)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-12784AS1CAS No.: 2712364-69-5Synonyms: Chlorguanide triazine-d6 hydrochlorideCycloguanil-d6 (Chlorguanide triazine-d6) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Cycloguanil hydrochloride (HY-12784A). Cycloguanil hydrochloride is a dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 10.8 μM against human DHFR. Cycloguanil hydrochloride blocks the folate metabolic pathway, thereby affecting nucleotide synthesis and interfering with DNA replication. Cycloguanil hydrochloride inhibits DHFR in Plasmodium and is thus used in malaria research. Cycloguanil hydrochloride also potently inhibits DHFR in human cancer cells and blocks the transcriptional activity of STAT3, thereby exhibiting anticancer activity.
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DNMT-IN-3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-149289CAS No.: 1683516-27-9DNMT-IN-3 is an DNA Methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, and plays an antimalarial role with IC50 of 60 nM against Plasmodium falciparum (Plasmodium). DNMT-IN-3 can be used for malaria related research.
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Antimycobacterial agent-4
0 ImagesAntimycobacterial agent-4 is a 2-amino-4-(2-pyridyl) thiazole derivative, with antimycobacterial activity, antiplasmodial activity, and cytotoxicity on a mammalian cell line.
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1-(26-Hydroxyhexacosanoyl)-glycerol
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N3957CAS No.: 177602-14-11-(26-Hydroxyhexacosanoyl)-glycerol is a potent antimalarial agent. 1-(26-Hydroxyhexacosanoyl)-glycerol shows antimalarial activity with an IC50 value of 9.48 µM for Plasmodium falciparum.
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cis-Atovaquone-d4
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-13832S3Synonyms: cis-Atavaquone-d4cis-Atovaquone-d4 is deuterium labeled Atovaquone. Atovaquone (Atavaquone) is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of the parasite’s mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex. Atovaquone is against human and P. falciparum cytochrome bc1 activity with IC50 values of 460 nM and 2.0 nM, respectively. Atovaquone is an antimalarial agent and has the potential for the investigation of neumocystis pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, malaria, and babesia[1][2].
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Desethyl chloroquine-d5
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-135811S1CAS No.: 1261392-69-1Desethyl chloroquine-d5 is deuterium labeled Desethyl chloroquine. Desethyl chloroquine is a major desethyl metabolite of Chloroquine. Chloroquine diphosphate is an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs). Desethyl chloroquine possesses antiplasmodic activity.
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Lumefantrine-d18
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B0803SCAS No.: 1185240-53-2Synonyms: Benflumetol-d18Lumefantrine-d18 is the deuterium labeled Lumefantrine, which is an antimalarial agent.
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BRD5018
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-139672CAS No.: 2245231-51-8BRD5018 is an antimalarial agent. BRD5018 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
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Hydroxychloroquine-d4 sulfate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B1370SCAS No.: 1854126-45-6Synonyms: HCQ-d4 sulfateHydroxychloroquine-d4 (sulfate) is the deuterium labeled Hydroxychloroquine sulfate. Hydroxychloroquine sulfate (HCQ sulfate) is a synthetic antimalarial agent which can also inhibit Toll-like receptor 7/9 (TLR7/9) signaling. Hydroxychloroquine sulfate is efficiently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.
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HDAC1-IN-3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-144297CAS No.: 2482998-35-4
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Z-Antiepilepsirine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N11031CAS No.: 111479-04-0Z-Antiepilepsirine is an amide alkaloid that can be found in Piper capense L.f. Z-Antiepilepsirine shows antiplasmodial activity with an IC50 value of 27 µM for W2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum.
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MMV665916
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W026467CAS No.: 896356-25-5MMV665916, a quinazolinedione derivative, is an antimalarial agent. MMV665916 displays antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum FcB1 strain with EC50 value of 0.4 μM and presents the high selectivity index (SI>250).
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Amphotericin B trihydrate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B0221ACAS No.: 1202017-46-6Amphotericin B trihydrate, a polyene antibiotic, is first isolated from fermenter cultures of Streptomyces nodosus. Amphotericin B trihydrate also possesses antileishmanial activity.
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Anticancer agent 75
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-147971CAS No.: 2414491-13-5Anticancer agent 75 is a potent anticancer agent. Anticancer agent 75 shows cytotoxicity and selectivity in cancer cell lines. Anticancer agent 75 shows cytotoxicity to normal human kidney cell lines is at least 35 times lower than that of the Doxorubicin standard. Anticancer agent 75 shows good activity of antiplasmodial.
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Antimalarial agent 8
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-145704CAS No.: 2715222-97-0Antimalarial agent 8 (Compound 7e) is a novel orally active class of antimalarials. Antimalarial agent 8 is potent in vitro against P. falciparum and is orally efficacious (40 mg/kg) in an in vivo mouse model of malaria.
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Plm IV inhibitor-2
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-148035CAS No.: 1539276-38-4Plm IV inhibitor-2 (compound 3) is a potent digestive vacuole plasmepsins IV (Plm IV) inhibitor with IC50 values of 24 nM, 70 nM and 0.3 μM for Plm IV, II and I, respectively. Plm IV inhibitor-2 can be used to research malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites.
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TCMDC-136230
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-132930CAS No.: 3015474-48-0TCMDC-136230 is a novel disruptor of the malaria parasite calcium dynamics but minimally inhibits heme crystallization.
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Bulaquine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-106866CAS No.: 79781-00-3Synonyms: CDRI 80/53; ElubaquineBulaquine (CDRI 80/53) is a potent antimalarial agent which is an analogue of Primaquine (HY-12651A). Bulaquine affects multiple metabolism pathways and shows inhibition effect on Plasmodium cynomolgi infection. Bulaquine can be used for the research of malaria.
