Primaquine
Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Primaquine is a potent antimalaria agent and a potent gametocytocide in falciparum malaria. Primaquine prevents relapse in vivax and ovale malaria.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 97.68%
- CAS No.: 90-34-6
- Formula: C15H21N3O
- Molecular Weight:259.35
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Primaquine
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Biological Activity
|
Plasmodium |
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Cell Line
|
Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A549 | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 1, PQ
|
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs
|
[PMID: 19799426] |
| Caco-2 | IC50 |
48 μM
Compound: 1
|
Antitumor activity against human Caco-2 cells after 48 hours hrs by SRB assay
Antitumor activity against human Caco-2 cells after 48 hours hrs by SRB assay
|
[PMID: 19896373] |
| HCT-116 | IC50 |
20 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Cytostatic activity against human HCT116 cells
Cytostatic activity against human HCT116 cells
|
[PMID: 19581098] |
| HCT-116 | IC50 |
20.78 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Antiproliferative activity against human HCT-116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HCT-116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 38677112] |
| HEK-293T | IC50 |
37.64 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Antiproliferative activity against human HEK293T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human HEK293T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 38677112] |
| Hepatocyte | IC50 |
970 μM
Compound: 19 Primaquine
|
Inhibition of apamin-sensitive SKCa channel of guinea-pig hepatocytes
Inhibition of apamin-sensitive SKCa channel of guinea-pig hepatocytes
|
[PMID: 15225721] |
| Hepatocyte | IC50 |
75.7 nM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium yoelii 265 liver infected in mammalian hepatocytes after 48 hrs
Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium yoelii 265 liver infected in mammalian hepatocytes after 48 hrs
|
[PMID: 18212104] |
| Hepatocyte | IC50 |
0.64 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium yoelii 265 sporozoites in primary mice (Mus musculus) hepatocytes after 48 hrs
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium yoelii 265 sporozoites in primary mice (Mus musculus) hepatocytes after 48 hrs
|
[PMID: 18456502] |
| Hepatocyte | CC50 |
54 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Cytotoxicity against human primary hepatocytes after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human primary hepatocytes after 48 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 29754074] |
| Hepatocyte | CC50 |
54.21 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Cytotoxicity against human primary hepatocytes assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human primary hepatocytes assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 30199706] |
| Hepatocyte | CC50 |
>50 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Cytotoxicity against Cynomolgous monkey hepatocytes harboring Simian virus assessed as reduction in cell viability administered for 3 hrs followed by replacement with fresh medium containing compound for every 24 hrs by DAPI staining based analysis
Cytotoxicity against Cynomolgous monkey hepatocytes harboring Simian virus assessed as reduction in cell viability administered for 3 hrs followed by replacement with fresh medium containing compound for every 24 hrs by DAPI staining based analysis
|
[PMID: 37857143] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
7.5 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei ANKA infected in human HepG2 cells
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei ANKA infected in human HepG2 cells
|
[PMID: 23806111] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
<1 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Antimalarial activity against sporozoite stage of Plasmodium yoelii assessed as invasion of human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 incubated for 2 hrs prior to inoculation measured after 1 hr by immunofluorescence assay in presence of penicillin/streptomycin
Antimalarial activity against sporozoite stage of Plasmodium yoelii assessed as invasion of human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 incubated for 2 hrs prior to inoculation measured after 1 hr by immunofluorescence assay in presence of penicillin/streptomycin
|
[PMID: 23927658] |
| HepG2 | CC50 |
6.1 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter-glo assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter-glo assay
|
[PMID: 25791675] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
1160 nM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium yoelii 17X NL sporozoites infected in human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 after 48 hrs by DAPI staining-based immunofluorescence analysis
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium yoelii 17X NL sporozoites infected in human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 after 48 hrs by DAPI staining-based immunofluorescence analysis
|
[PMID: 25791675] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
101 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTS assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTS assay
|
[PMID: 28939120] |
| HepG2 | CC50 |
120.03 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 30199706] |
| HepG2 | CC50 |
69.8 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells expressing CD81 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 30199706] |
| HT-29 | IC50 |
69.7 μM
Compound: 1
|
Antitumor activity against human HT-29 cells after 48 hours hrs by SRB assay
Antitumor activity against human HT-29 cells after 48 hours hrs by SRB assay
|
[PMID: 19896373] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
2 μM
Compound: 1, PQ
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver-stage GFP expressing Plasmodium berghei sporozoites infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of parasite schizonts development after 48 hrs by FACS analysis
Antiplasmodial activity against liver-stage GFP expressing Plasmodium berghei sporozoites infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of parasite schizonts development after 48 hrs by FACS analysis
|
[PMID: 19799426] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
7.5 μM
Compound: 3, PQ
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei liver stage form transfected in human Huh-7 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei liver stage form transfected in human Huh-7 cells assessed as cell viability after 48 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 23273038] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
8 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei expressing GFP-Luc infected in HuH7 cells incubated at 1 hr prior to infection followed by compound replenisment at 24 hrs post-infection measured after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei expressing GFP-Luc infected in HuH7 cells incubated at 1 hr prior to infection followed by compound replenisment at 24 hrs post-infection measured after 48 hrs by Alamar blue assay
|
[PMID: 23290049] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
7.5 μM
Compound: 1, PQ
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage Plasmodium berghei infected in human HuH7 cells co-expressing GFP-Luccon treated for 1 hr prior to infection followed by 24 hrs after compound washout measured after 48 hrs post-infection by Alamar Blue assay
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage Plasmodium berghei infected in human HuH7 cells co-expressing GFP-Luccon treated for 1 hr prior to infection followed by 24 hrs after compound washout measured after 48 hrs post-infection by Alamar Blue assay
|
[PMID: 23701465] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
7.5 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei expressing GFP infected in human Huh7 cells by luminescence assay
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei expressing GFP infected in human Huh7 cells by luminescence assay
|
[PMID: 23806111] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
7500 nM
Compound: PQ
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as parasite growth inhibition incubated for 1 hr prior to parasite infection measured after 48 hrs
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as parasite growth inhibition incubated for 1 hr prior to parasite infection measured after 48 hrs
|
[PMID: 24020770] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
7.5 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver sporozoite stage of Plasmodium berghei expressing luciferase and GFP infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of parasite development incubated for 1 hr prior to parasite infection measured after 48 hrs by
Antiplasmodial activity against liver sporozoite stage of Plasmodium berghei expressing luciferase and GFP infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of parasite development incubated for 1 hr prior to parasite infection measured after 48 hrs by
|
[PMID: 24125849] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
7500 nM
Compound: 2, PQ
|
Antimalarial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei infected in human Huh7 cells after 48 hrs by luciferase assay
Antimalarial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei infected in human Huh7 cells after 48 hrs by luciferase assay
|
[PMID: 24900781] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
3.4 μg/mL
Compound: Primaquine
|
Antimalarial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as reduction in parasite load treated after 2 hrs of infection for 46 hrs by luciferase assay
Antimalarial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as reduction in parasite load treated after 2 hrs of infection for 46 hrs by luciferase assay
|
[PMID: 25103602] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
7500 nM
Compound: PQ
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of liver cell infection
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as inhibition of liver cell infection
|
[PMID: 25593097] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
8.428 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver-stage of Plasmodium berghei expressing firefly luciferase infected in human Huh-7 cells after 48 hrs by bioluminescence assay
Antiplasmodial activity against liver-stage of Plasmodium berghei expressing firefly luciferase infected in human Huh-7 cells after 48 hrs by bioluminescence assay
|
[PMID: 26142491] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
9.5 μM
Compound: 1
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage Plasmodium berghei infected in Huh7 cells assessed as inhibition of parasite infection incubated for 1 hr prior to infection measured at 24 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage Plasmodium berghei infected in Huh7 cells assessed as inhibition of parasite infection incubated for 1 hr prior to infection measured at 24 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 26968650] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
2.4 μM
Compound: 12; PQ
|
Antimalarial activity against liver stage Plasmodium berghei infected in human Huh-7 cells assessed as inhibition by bioluminescence assay
Antimalarial activity against liver stage Plasmodium berghei infected in human Huh-7 cells assessed as inhibition by bioluminescence assay
|
[PMID: 34242031] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
7.5 μM
Compound: 1, PQ
|
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei sporozoites expressing firefly luciferase infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as inhibition of parasite development treated 1 hr prior to infection followed by compound replenisment at 24
Antiplasmodial activity against liver stage of Plasmodium berghei sporozoites expressing firefly luciferase infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as inhibition of parasite development treated 1 hr prior to infection followed by compound replenisment at 24
|
10.1039/C2MD20113E |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
28 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Cytostatic activity against human MCF7 cells
Cytostatic activity against human MCF7 cells
|
[PMID: 19581098] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
6.9 μM
Compound: 1
|
Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hours hrs by SRB assay
Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hours hrs by SRB assay
|
[PMID: 19896373] |
| MCF7 | IC50 |
26.6 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 38677112] |
| NCI-H460 | IC50 |
30 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Cytostatic activity against human H460 cells
Cytostatic activity against human H460 cells
|
[PMID: 19581098] |
| RAW264.7 | IC50 |
38.7 μg/mL
Compound: 2, PQ
|
Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 21141892] |
| SW-620 | IC50 |
>=100 μM
Compound: Primaquine
|
Cytostatic activity against human SW620 cells
Cytostatic activity against human SW620 cells
|
[PMID: 19581098] |
| SW-620 | IC50 |
9.2 μM
Compound: PQ
|
Antiproliferative activity against human SW620 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against human SW620 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 38677112] |
| Vero | IC50 |
339.7 μM
Compound: PQ, primaquine
|
Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells assessed as [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation after 48 hrs
Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells assessed as [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation after 48 hrs
|
[PMID: 18653332] |
| Vero | IC50 |
≤23.8 μg/mL
Compound: 1, PQ
|
Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells by neutral red uptake assay
Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells by neutral red uptake assay
|
10.1039/C0MD00267D |
Primaquine significantly decreases the cell proliferation of live breast cancer cells, and shows no inhibitory effect on the proliferation of MCF-7 (ER+) and MDA-MB-453 (HER2+) cells. Primaquine inhibits the growth, migration, and colony formation of breast cancer cells in vitro[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:MDA-MB-231, HCC1937 cells, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-453 cells
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Concentration:5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 40 μM, 80 μM, 100 μM, 120 μM, and 150 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Decreases breast cancer cell viability.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male 6-week-old C57BL/6 albino mice with sporozoite inoculation[2]
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Dosage:5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 25 mg/kg
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Administration:p.o; daily; for 3 days
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Result:No blood stage parasitaemia was observed.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 90-34-6
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Appearance <25°C Solid,>25°C Liquid
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Molecular Weight 259.35
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Formula C15H21N3O
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Color Light brown to yellow
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SMILES
CC(NC1=C2N=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=C1)CCCN
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
-
Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications (6)
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Journal Impact Factor
-
Most Recent
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Network Medicine-Based Strategy Identifies Maprotiline as a Repurposable Drug by Inhibiting PD-L1 Expression via Targeting SPOP in Cancer. [Abstract]2024 Nov 5:e2410285. PMID: 39499771 -
Cell Rep Methods
RECOVER identifies synergistic drug combinations in vitro through sequential model optimization. [Abstract]2023 Oct 23;3(10):100599. PMID: 37797618 -
ACS Omega
Identification of New Modulators and Inhibitors of Palmitoyl-Protein Thioesterase 1 for CLN1 Batten Disease and Cancer. [Abstract]2024 Feb 28;9(10):11870-11882. PMID: 38496939 -
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Biomed Pharmacother
As a novel ferroptosis inhibitor, primaquine alleviates I/R-induced retinal neuron death via increasing GSTA1 activity. [Abstract]2026 Feb:195:118973. PMID: 41529513 -
Ann Transl Med
Integrative identification of the pathogenic role of a novel G6PD missense mutation c.697G>C. [Abstract]2021 Feb;9(3):194. PMID: 33708821
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : ≥ 200 mg/mL (771.16 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (8.02 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.08 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
-
-
-
-
Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
-
%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
-
%+
-
+%Tween-80 + +
-
%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (273 KB)
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SDS (644 KB)
- English - EN (644 KB)
- Français - FR (644 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (644 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (644 KB)
- Español - ES (644 KB)
- Swedish - SV (644 KB)
- Italian - IT (644 KB)
- Korean - KR (644 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (644 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Ashley EA, et al. Primaquine: the risks and the benefits. Malar J. 2014 Nov 3;13:418. [Content Brief]
[2]. Qigui Li, et al. Assessment of the prophylactic activity and pharmacokinetic profile of oral tafenoquine compared to primaquine for inhibition of liver stage malaria infections. Malar J. 2014 Apr 14:13:141. [Content Brief]
[3]. Ji-Hyang Kim, et al. Primaquine Inhibits the Endosomal Trafficking and Nuclear Localization of EGFR and Induces the Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells by Nuclear EGFR/Stat3-Mediated c-Myc Downregulation. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 30;22(23):12961. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.8558 mL | 19.2790 mL | 38.5579 mL | 96.3948 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7712 mL | 3.8558 mL | 7.7116 mL | 19.2790 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3856 mL | 1.9279 mL | 3.8558 mL | 9.6395 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2571 mL | 1.2853 mL | 2.5705 mL | 6.4263 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1928 mL | 0.9639 mL | 1.9279 mL | 4.8197 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1542 mL | 0.7712 mL | 1.5423 mL | 3.8558 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1285 mL | 0.6426 mL | 1.2853 mL | 3.2132 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0964 mL | 0.4820 mL | 0.9639 mL | 2.4099 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0771 mL | 0.3856 mL | 0.7712 mL | 1.9279 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0643 mL | 0.3213 mL | 0.6426 mL | 1.6066 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0482 mL | 0.2410 mL | 0.4820 mL | 1.2049 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0386 mL | 0.1928 mL | 0.3856 mL | 0.9639 mL |